|
Hanning Filter
The Hann function is named after the Austrian meteorologist Julius von Hann. It is a window function used to perform Hann smoothing. The function, with length L and amplitude 1/L, is given by: : w_0(x) \triangleq \left\. For digital signal processing, the function is sampled symmetrically (with spacing L/N and amplitude 1): : \left . \begin w = L\cdot w_0\left(\tfrac (n-N/2)\right) &= \tfrac \left - \cos \left ( \tfrac \right) \right\ &= \sin^2 \left ( \tfrac \right) \end \right \},\quad 0 \leq n \leq N, which is a sequence of N+1 samples, and N can be even or odd. (see ) It is also known as the raised cosine window, Hann filter, von Hann window, etc. Fourier transform The Fourier transform of w_0(x) is given by: :W_0(f) = \frac\frac = \frac Discrete transforms The Discrete-time Fourier transform (DTFT) of the N+1 length, time-shifted sequence is defined by a Fourier series, which also has a 3-term equivalent that is derived similarly to the Four ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Window Function And Its Fourier Transform – Hann (n = 0
A window is an Hole, opening in a wall, door, roof, or vehicle that allows the exchange of light and may also allow the passage of sound and sometimes air. Modern windows are usually glazing (window), glazed or covered in some other transparency (optics), transparent or translucent material, a Window sash, sash set in a frame in the opening; the sash and frame are also referred to as a window. Many glazed windows may be opened, to allow Ventilation (architecture), ventilation, or closed, to exclude inclement weather. Windows may have a Latch (hardware), latch or similar Mechanism (engineering), mechanism to Lock and key, lock the window shut or to hold it open by various amounts. In addition to this, many Modernity, modern day windows may have a window screen or mesh, often made of Aluminium, aluminum or Fiberglass, fibreglass, to keep Bug (insect), bugs out when the window is opened. Types include the eyebrow window, fixed windows, hexagonal windows, single-hung, and double-hu ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Discrete Fourier Transform
In mathematics, the discrete Fourier transform (DFT) converts a finite sequence of equally-spaced samples of a function into a same-length sequence of equally-spaced samples of the discrete-time Fourier transform (DTFT), which is a complex-valued function of frequency. The interval at which the DTFT is sampled is the reciprocal of the duration of the input sequence. An inverse DFT is a Fourier series, using the DTFT samples as coefficients of complex sinusoids at the corresponding DTFT frequencies. It has the same sample-values as the original input sequence. The DFT is therefore said to be a frequency domain representation of the original input sequence. If the original sequence spans all the non-zero values of a function, its DTFT is continuous (and periodic), and the DFT provides discrete samples of one cycle. If the original sequence is one cycle of a periodic function, the DFT provides all the non-zero values of one DTFT cycle. The DFT is the most important discret ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Raised-cosine Filter
The raised-cosine filter is a filter frequently used for pulse-shaping in digital modulation due to its ability to minimise intersymbol interference (ISI). Its name stems from the fact that the non-zero portion of the frequency spectrum of its simplest form (\beta = 1) is a cosine function, 'raised' up to sit above the f (horizontal) axis. Mathematical description The raised-cosine filter is an implementation of a low-pass Nyquist filter, i.e., one that has the property of vestigial symmetry. This means that its spectrum exhibits odd symmetry about \frac, where T is the symbol-period of the communications system. Its frequency-domain description is a piecewise-defined function, given by: :H(f) = \begin 1, & , f, \leq \frac \\ \frac\left _-_\frac\rightright)\right _______&_\frac_f.html" ;"title="html" ;"title=" + \cos\left(\frac\left f">_-_\frac\rightright)\right _______&_\frac_f.html" ;"title=">f"> - \frac\rightright)\right & \frac f"> \leq \frac \\ 0, ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Raised Cosine Distribution
In probability theory and statistics, the raised cosine distribution is a continuous probability distribution supported on the interval mu-s,\mu+s/math>. The probability density function (PDF) is :f(x;\mu,s)=\frac \left +\cos\left(\frac\,\pi\right)\right,=\frac\operatorname\left(\frac\,\pi\right)\, for \mu-s \le x \le \mu+s and zero otherwise. The cumulative distribution function (CDF) is :F(x;\mu,s)=\frac\left +\frac + \frac \sin\left(\frac \, \pi \right) \right/math> for \mu-s \le x \le \mu+s and zero for x\mu+s. The moments of the raised cosine distribution are somewhat complicated in the general case, but are considerably simplified for the standard raised cosine distribution. The standard raised cosine distribution is just the raised cosine distribution with \mu=0 and s=1. Because the standard raised cosine distribution is an even function, the odd moments are zero. The even moments are given by: : \begin \operatorname E(x^) & = \frac\int_^1 +\cos(x\pi)^\,dx = \int_^ ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Apodization
In signal processing, apodization (from Greek "removing the foot") is the modification of the shape of a mathematical function. The function may represent an electrical signal, an optical transmission or a mechanical structure. In optics, it is primarily used to remove Airy disks caused by diffraction around an intensity peak, improving the focus. Apodization in electronics Apodization in signal processing The term apodization is used frequently in publications on Fourier-transform infrared (FTIR) signal processing. An example of apodization is the use of the Hann window in the fast Fourier transform analyzer to smooth the discontinuities at the beginning and end of the sampled time record. Apodization in digital audio An apodizing filter can be used in digital audio processing instead of the more common brickwall filters, in order to avoid the pre-ringing that the latter introduces. Apodization in mass spectrometry During oscillation within an Orbitrap, ion transie ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Window Function
In signal processing and statistics, a window function (also known as an apodization function or tapering function) is a mathematical function that is zero-valued outside of some chosen interval, normally symmetric around the middle of the interval, usually near a maximum in the middle, and usually tapering away from the middle. Mathematically, when another function or waveform/data-sequence is "multiplied" by a window function, the product is also zero-valued outside the interval: all that is left is the part where they overlap, the "view through the window". Equivalently, and in actual practice, the segment of data within the window is first isolated, and then only that data is multiplied by the window function values. Thus, tapering, not segmentation, is the main purpose of window functions. The reasons for examining segments of a longer function include detection of transient events and time-averaging of frequency spectra. The duration of the segments is determined in ea ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Richard Hamming
Richard Wesley Hamming (February 11, 1915 – January 7, 1998) was an American mathematician whose work had many implications for computer engineering and telecommunications. His contributions include the Hamming code (which makes use of a Hamming matrix), the Hamming window, Hamming numbers, sphere-packing (or Hamming bound), Hamming graph concepts, and the Hamming distance. Born in Chicago, Hamming attended University of Chicago, University of Nebraska and the University of Illinois at Urbana–Champaign, where he wrote his doctoral thesis in mathematics under the supervision of Waldemar Trjitzinsky (1901–1973). In April 1945 he joined the Manhattan Project at the Los Alamos Laboratory, where he programmed the IBM calculating machines that computed the solution to equations provided by the project's physicists. He left to join the Bell Telephone Laboratories in 1946. Over the next fifteen years he was involved in nearly all of the Laboratories' most prominent achievements ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Hamming Function
In signal processing and statistics, a window function (also known as an apodization function or tapering function) is a mathematical function that is zero-valued outside of some chosen interval, normally symmetric around the middle of the interval, usually near a maximum in the middle, and usually tapering away from the middle. Mathematically, when another function or waveform/data-sequence is "multiplied" by a window function, the product is also zero-valued outside the interval: all that is left is the part where they overlap, the "view through the window". Equivalently, and in actual practice, the segment of data within the window is first isolated, and then only that data is multiplied by the window function values. Thus, tapering, not segmentation, is the main purpose of window functions. The reasons for examining segments of a longer function include detection of transient events and time-averaging of frequency spectra. The duration of the segments is determined in ea ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Harris
Harris may refer to: Places Canada * Harris, Ontario * Northland Pyrite Mine (also known as Harris Mine) * Harris, Saskatchewan * Rural Municipality of Harris No. 316, Saskatchewan Scotland * Harris, Outer Hebrides (sometimes called the Isle of Harris), part of Lewis and Harris, Outer Hebrides * Harris, Rùm, a place on Rùm, Highland United States * Harris, Indiana * Harris, Iowa * Harris, Kansas * Harris Township, Michigan * Harris, Minnesota * Harris, Missouri * Harris, New York * Harris, North Carolina * Harris, Oregon * Harris, Wisconsin Elsewhere * Harris, Montserrat Other places with "Harris" in the name * Harrisonburg, Louisiana * Harrisonburg, Virginia * Harris County (other) * Harris Lake (other) * Harris Mountain (other) * Harris Township (other) * Harrisburg (other) * Harrison (other) * Harrisville (other) People * Harris (Essex cricketer) * Harris Jayaraj, an Indian music director * Harr ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Window Function
In signal processing and statistics, a window function (also known as an apodization function or tapering function) is a mathematical function that is zero-valued outside of some chosen interval, normally symmetric around the middle of the interval, usually near a maximum in the middle, and usually tapering away from the middle. Mathematically, when another function or waveform/data-sequence is "multiplied" by a window function, the product is also zero-valued outside the interval: all that is left is the part where they overlap, the "view through the window". Equivalently, and in actual practice, the segment of data within the window is first isolated, and then only that data is multiplied by the window function values. Thus, tapering, not segmentation, is the main purpose of window functions. The reasons for examining segments of a longer function include detection of transient events and time-averaging of frequency spectra. The duration of the segments is determined in ea ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Julius Von Hann
Julius Ferdinand von Hann (23 March 1839 in Wartberg ob der Aist near Linz – 1 October 1921 in Vienna) was an Austrian meteorologist. He is seen as a father of modern meteorology. Biography He was educated at the gymnasium of Kremsmünster and then studied mathematics, chemistry and physics at the University of Vienna, then geology and paleontology under Eduard Suess and physical geography under Friedrich Simony. From 1865 to 1868, he was master at the ''Oberrealschule'' at Linz, and in 1865 was invited by Karl Jelinek to become the first editor of the '' Zeitschrift für Meteorologie''. In 1877, he succeeded Jelinek as the director of the Meteorologische Zentralanstalt (Central Institute for Meteorology and Earth Magnetism) and was appointed professor of meteorology at the University of Vienna. In 1897, he retired as director and became professor of meteorology at the University of Graz, but returned to Vienna to fill the chair of professor of cosmic physics in 1900, where h ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Discrete-time Fourier Transform
In mathematics, the discrete-time Fourier transform (DTFT) is a form of Fourier analysis that is applicable to a sequence of values. The DTFT is often used to analyze samples of a continuous function. The term ''discrete-time'' refers to the fact that the transform operates on discrete data, often samples whose interval has units of time. From uniformly spaced samples it produces a function of frequency that is a periodic summation of the continuous Fourier transform of the original continuous function. Under certain theoretical conditions, described by the sampling theorem, the original continuous function can be recovered perfectly from the DTFT and thus from the original discrete samples. The DTFT itself is a continuous function of frequency, but discrete samples of it can be readily calculated via the discrete Fourier transform (DFT) (see ), which is by far the most common method of modern Fourier analysis. Both transforms are invertible. The inverse DTFT is the origin ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
