Hanif Brown
In Islam, a ( ar, حنيف, ḥanīf; plural: , ), meaning "renunciate", is someone who maintains the pure monotheism of the patriarch Abraham in Islam, Abraham. More specifically, in Islamic thought, renunciates were the people who, during the pre-Islamic period or , were seen to have renounced Shirk (Islam), idolatry and retained some or all of the tenets of the Abrahamic religions, religion of Abraham (, ), which was submission to God in Islam, God in its purest form. The word is found twelve times in the Quran (ten times in its singular form and twice in the plural form) and Islamic tradition tells of a number of individuals who were . According to Muslim tradition, Muhammad himself was a and a descendant of Ishmael, son of Abraham. Etymology and history of the term The term comes from the Arabic triliteral, root meaning "to incline, to decline" or "to turn or bend sideways" from the Syriac root of the same meaning.Lane, 1893 It is defined as "true believer, orthodox; one ...
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Islam
Islam (; ar, ۘالِإسلَام, , ) is an Abrahamic religions, Abrahamic Monotheism#Islam, monotheistic religion centred primarily around the Quran, a religious text considered by Muslims to be the direct word of God in Islam, God (or ''Allah'') as it was revealed to Muhammad, the Muhammad in Islam, main and final Islamic prophet.Peters, F. E. 2009. "Allāh." In , edited by J. L. Esposito. Oxford: Oxford University Press. . (See alsoquick reference) "[T]he Muslims' understanding of Allāh is based...on the Qurʿān's public witness. Allāh is Unique, the Creator, Sovereign, and Judge of mankind. It is Allāh who directs the universe through his direct action on nature and who has guided human history through his prophets, Abraham, with whom he made his covenant, Moses/Moosa, Jesus/Eesa, and Muḥammad, through all of whom he founded his chosen communities, the 'Peoples of the Book.'" It is the Major religious groups, world's second-largest religion behind Christianity, w ...
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