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Gukhak
The Gukhak, was the sole recorded institution of higher learning in the Silla period of medieval History of Korea, Korean history.''Gyeongju Hyanggyo (a local school annexed to the Confucian shrine)'' Gyeongju City-Transportation System, Retrieved on August 2, 2009 It provided training in the Chinese classics. An earlier institution, the Taehak, had been founded in 372. The Gukhak was established early in the Unified Silla period, in 682 (the second year of Sinmun of Silla, King Sinmun). During the reign of King Gyeongdeok of Silla, Gyeongdeok (r. 742-765) its name was changed briefly to ''Daehakgam'' (대학감, 大學監) but reverted to ''Gukhak'' during the following reign of King Hyegong of Silla, Hyegong (r. 765-780). L ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Gukjagam
The Gukjagam, known at times as Gukhak or Seonggyungwan, was the highest educational institution of the Korean Goryeo dynasty. It was located at the capital, Gaegyeong (modern-day Kaesong), and provided advanced training in the Chinese classics. It was established in 992 during the reign of Seongjong. Its name has been changed to Songgyungam in 1298 and to Songgyungwan in 1308. Its current name is Koryo (/Goryeo) Songgyungwan University/University of Light Industry. A similar institution, known as the ''Gukhak'', had been established under Unified Silla, but it was not successful. The Gukjagam was part of Seongjong's general program of Confucian reform, together with the ''gwageo'' civil service examinations and the ''hyanggyo'' provincial schools. It formed the cornerstone of the Confucian educational system he envisioned. In the waning days of Goryeo, the Gukjagam again became a centerpiece of reform through the policies of the early Neo-Confucian scholar An Hyang. Courses ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Taehak
Sungkyunkwan was the foremost educational institution in Korea during the late Goryeo and Joseon Dynasties. Today, it sits in its original location, at the south end of the Humanities and Social Sciences Campus of Sungkyunkwan University in Seoul, South Korea. Twice a year, in May and September, the ceremonial rite Seokjeon Daeje is performed in the Munmyo Shrine, to honor Confucius and the Confucian sages of China and Korea. Meaning of Sungkyunkwan *Sung ( RR: Seong) (성, 成) – accomplish, achieve. To become capable, successful or to win. “To perfect or develop human nature”. *Kyun ( RR: Gyun) (균, 均) – balance, to be. Strengthen culture according to social standards or norms. “To build a good society”. *Kwan ( RR: Gwan) (관, 館) – institute, academy, university. Predecessors of Sungkyunkwan *Taehak (태학, 太學, Great School) – founded in 372 during the reign of King Sosurim of Goguryeo *Gukhak (국학, 國學, National School) – founded in 682 ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Seonggyungwan
Sungkyunkwan was the foremost educational institution in Korea during the late Goryeo and Joseon Dynasties. Today, it sits in its original location, at the south end of the Humanities and Social Sciences Campus of Sungkyunkwan University in Seoul, South Korea. Twice a year, in May and September, the ceremonial rite Seokjeon Daeje is performed in the Munmyo Shrine, to honor Confucius and the Confucian sages of China and Korea. Meaning of Sungkyunkwan *Sung ( RR: Seong) (성, 成) – accomplish, achieve. To become capable, successful or to win. “To perfect or develop human nature”. *Kyun ( RR: Gyun) (균, 均) – balance, to be. Strengthen culture according to social standards or norms. “To build a good society”. *Kwan ( RR: Gwan) (관, 館) – institute, academy, university. Predecessors of Sungkyunkwan *Taehak (태학, 太學, Great School) – founded in 372 during the reign of King Sosurim of Goguryeo * Gukhak (국학, 國學, National School) – founded in 6 ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Sinmun Of Silla
Sinmun of Silla (r. 681–692) was the thirty-first king of Silla, a Korean state that originated in the southwestern Korean peninsula and went on to unify most of the peninsula under its rule in the mid 7th century. He was the eldest son of Silla's unifier-king, Munmu and Queen Jaeui. Sinmun's reign may be characterized by his attempts to consolidate royal authority following unification and to reorganize and systematize the governing apparatus of the newly enlarged Silla state. Sinmun was named crown prince by Munmu in 665. He came to power in the immediate wake of Silla's unification of the peninsula following its defeats of rival Baekje and Goguryeo with military aid from Tang China, and then its check of Tang ambitions to establish its hegemony over the peninsula. It was in late summer 681, not long after coming to power (the official period of mourning was in fact still in effect for the recently deceased King Munmu), that a serious revolt broke out against royal authority. ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Gaegyeong
Kaesong (, ) is a special city in the southern part of North Korea (formerly in North Hwanghae Province), and the capital of Korea during the Taebong kingdom and subsequent Goryeo dynasty. The city is near the Kaesong Industrial Region close to the border with South Korea and contains the remains of the Manwoldae palace. Called Songdo while it was the ancient capital of Goryeo, the city prospered as a trade centre that produced Korean ginseng. Kaesong now functions as the DPRK's light industry centre. During the Japanese occupation from 1910 to 1945, the city was known by the Japanese pronunciation of its name, "Kaijō". Between 1945 and 1950, Kaesong was part of South Korea and under its control. The 1953 Korean Armistice Agreement left the city under North Korean control. Due to the city's proximity to the border with South Korea, Kaesong has hosted cross-border economic exchanges between the two countries as well as the jointly run Kaesong Industrial Region. As of 2009, th ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Silla
Silla or Shilla (57 BCE – 935 CE) ( , Old Korean: Syera, Old Japanese: Siraki2) was a Korean kingdom located on the southern and central parts of the Korean Peninsula. Silla, along with Baekje and Goguryeo, formed the Three Kingdoms of Korea. Founded by Hyeokgeose of Silla, of the Park family, the Korean dynasty was ruled by the Gyeongju Gim (Kim) (김, 金) clan for 586 years, the Miryang Bak (Park) (박, 朴) clan for 232 years and the Wolseong Seok (석, 昔) clan for 172 years. It began as a chiefdom in the Samhan confederacies, once allied with Sui China and then Tang China, until it eventually conquered the other two kingdoms, Baekje in 660 and Goguryeo in 668. Thereafter, Unified Silla occupied most of the Korean Peninsula, while the northern part re-emerged as Balhae, a successor-state of Goguryeo. After nearly 1,000 years of rule, Silla fragmented into the brief Later Three Kingdoms of Silla, Later Baekje, and Taebong, handing over power to Goryeo in 935. ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
History Of Korea
The Lower Paleolithic era in the Korean Peninsula and Manchuria began roughly half a million years ago. Christopher J. Norton, "The Current State of Korean Paleoanthropology", (2000), ''Journal of Human Evolution'', 38: 803–825. The earliest known Korean pottery dates to around 8000 BC, and the Neolithic period began after 6000 BC, followed by the Bronze Age by 2000 BC, Jong Chan Kim, Christopher J Bae, "Radiocarbon Dates Documenting The Neolithic-Bronze Age Transition in Korea" , (2010), ''Radiocarbon'', 52: 2, pp. 483–492. and the around 700 BC. Similarly, accordi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Chinese Classics
Chinese classic texts or canonical texts () or simply dianji (典籍) refers to the Chinese texts which originated before the imperial unification by the Qin dynasty in 221 BC, particularly the "Four Books and Five Classics" of the Neo-Confucian tradition, themselves a customary abridgment of the "Thirteen Classics". All of these pre-Qin texts were written in classical Chinese. All three canons are collectively known as the classics ( t , s , ''jīng'', lit. "warp"). The term Chinese classic texts may be broadly used in reference to texts which were written in vernacular Chinese or it may be narrowly used in reference to texts which were written in the classical Chinese which was current until the fall of the last imperial dynasty, the Qing, in 1912. These texts can include ''shi'' (, historical works), ''zi'' (, philosophical works belonging to schools of thought other than the Confucian but also including works on agriculture, medicine, mathematics, astronomy ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Unified Silla
Unified Silla, or Late Silla (, ), is the name often applied to the Korean kingdom of Silla, one of the Three Kingdoms of Korea, after 668 CE. In the 7th century, a Silla–Tang alliance conquered Baekje and the southern part of Goguryeo in the 7th century Baekje–Tang and Goguryeo–Tang Wars respectively, unifying the central and southern regions of the Korean peninsula. It existed during the Northern and Southern States period, when Balhae controlled the north of the peninsula. Unified Silla lasted for 267 years until, under King Gyeongsun, it fell to Goryeo in 935. Terminology North Korean historians criticize the term "Unified Silla" as traditionally "Unified Silla" is considered to be the first unified kingdom of the Korean people. According to the North Korean perspective, Goryeo was the first state to unify the Korean people as Silla failed to conquer the most part of Goguryeo and Balhae still existed after the establishment of "Unified Silla"; Balhae also occupied t ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Gyeongdeok Of Silla
Gyeongdeok of Silla (景德王; 742–765) was the 35th ruler of Silla and son of King Seongdeok (reigned 702–737). He succeeded his elder brother, King Hyoseong, the 34th ruler of Silla. His reign is considered a golden age in Unified Silla’s history, particularly for Buddhist art and architecture. He is noted as an intent patron of Buddhism and an influential political and religious individual. King Gyeongdeok also made attempts to centralize the country through reorganizing government and standardizing naming practices. With his mother as regent, Gyeongdeok’s son, King Hyegong, succeeded him after his death. Family * Grandfather Sinmun of Silla (r. 681–692) (김정명) * Grandmother: Queen Sinmok of the Kim clan (신목왕후 김씨;d. 700) * Father: Seongdeok of Silla (reigned 702–737) (성덕왕) * Mother: Queen Sodeok (소덕왕후 김씨), of the Kim clan * Wife: ** Queen Sanmono, of the Kim clan (삼모부인 김씨), daughter of Kim Sun–jeong (김순정) ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Hyegong Of Silla
Hyegong of Silla (758–780) (r. 765–780) was the 36th ruler of the Korean kingdom of Silla. Being the only child between King Gyeongdeok and Lady Manwol ( Queen Gyeongsu), Hyegong was the last descendant of King Muyeol to sit on the throne. Because of this, Hyegong's reign is often regarded as the end of the middle period of the Silla state. Hyegong became king at the age of 8, and did not adapt well to the role. According to ''Samguk Sagi'', Hyegong's dissolute life as a young monarch kept the palace in disarray. They faced rebellions led by high officials ( Kim Daegong and others) in 768, 770 and 775. Faced in 780 with another rebellion led by his ''ichan'' Kim Ji-jeong, the monarch dispatched ''sangdaedeung'' Kim Yang-sang to put down the uprising, but the rebel forces managed to storm the palace and assassinated Hyegong and other royal family members. Kim Yang-sang, who was an eleventh-generation descendant of King Naemul, then took the throne as King Seondeok. Record ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Goryeo
Goryeo (; ) was a Korean kingdom founded in 918, during a time of national division called the Later Three Kingdoms period, that unified and ruled the Korean Peninsula until 1392. Goryeo achieved what has been called a "true national unification" by Korean historians as it not only unified the Later Three Kingdoms but also incorporated much of the ruling class of the northern kingdom of Balhae, who had origins in Goguryeo of the earlier Three Kingdoms of Korea. The name "Korea" is derived from the name of Goryeo, also spelled Koryŏ, which was first used in the early 5th century by Goguryeo. According to Korean historians, it was during the Goryeo period that the individual identities of Goguryeo, Baekje, and Silla were successfully merged into a single entity that became the basis of modern-day 'Korean' identity. Throughout its existence, Goryeo, alongside Unified Silla, was known to be the "Golden Age of Buddhism" in Korea. As the state religion, Buddhism achieved its highes ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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