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Graphina Salazinica
''Carbacanthographis salazinica'' is a species of script lichen in the family Graphidaceae. Found in Australia, it was described as a new species in 2001 by lichenologist Alan Archer. The type specimen was collected by Archer in Conglomerate State Forest (New South Wales). Here the lichen was found growing on the bark of a palm tree. Its thallus is thin and grayish-green, with conspicuous white lirellae measuring 1–4 mm long. The specific epithet refers to salazinic acid, the presence of which is a distinguishing characteristic of this species. The lichen also has trace amounts of other secondary chemicals, including consalazinic acid, norstictic acid, and protocetraric acid. In 2005 Archer transferred the taxon to genus ''Carbacanthographis ''Carbacanthographis'' is a genus of corticolous (bark-dwelling) lichens in the family Graphidaceae. The genus was circumscribed by German lichenologists Bettina Staiger and Klaus Kalb in 2002. An updated worldwide key to the ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Script Lichen
A script lichen, or graphid lichen, is a member of a group of lichens which have spore producing structures that look like writing on the lichen body. The structures are elongated and narrow apothecia called lirellae, which look like short scribbles on the thallus. "Graphid" is derived from Greek language, Greek for "writing". An example is ''Graphis mucronata''. References Lichenology Fungus common names {{lichen-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Secondary Metabolite
Secondary metabolites, also called specialised metabolites, toxins, secondary products, or natural products, are organic compounds produced by any lifeform, e.g. bacteria, fungi, animals, or plants, which are not directly involved in the normal growth, development, or reproduction of the organism. Instead, they generally mediate ecological interactions, which may produce a selective advantage for the organism by increasing its survivability or fecundity. Specific secondary metabolites are often restricted to a narrow set of species within a phylogenetic group. Secondary metabolites often play an important role in plant defense against herbivory and other interspecies defenses. Humans use secondary metabolites as medicines, flavourings, pigments, and recreational drugs. The term secondary metabolite was first coined by Albrecht Kossel, a 1910 Nobel Prize laureate for medicine and physiology in 1910. 30 years later a Polish botanist Friedrich Czapek described secondary metabolit ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Lichens Described In 2001
A lichen ( , ) is a composite organism that arises from algae or cyanobacteria living among filaments of multiple fungi species in a mutualistic relationship.Introduction to Lichens – An Alliance between Kingdoms . University of California Museum of Paleontology. Lichens have properties different from those of their component organisms. They come in many colors, sizes, and forms and are sometimes plant-like, but are not s. They may have tiny, leafless branches (); flat leaf-like structures ( |
Lichen Species
A lichen ( , ) is a composite organism that arises from algae or cyanobacteria living among filaments of multiple fungi species in a mutualistic relationship.Introduction to Lichens – An Alliance between Kingdoms . University of California Museum of Paleontology. Lichens have properties different from those of their component organisms. They come in many colors, sizes, and forms and are sometimes plant-like, but are not s. They may have tiny, leafless branches (); flat leaf-like structures ( |
Species Fungorum
''Index Fungorum'' is an international project to index all formal names (scientific names) in the fungus kingdom. the project is based at the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew, one of three partners along with Landcare Research and the Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences. It is somewhat comparable to the International Plant Names Index (IPNI), in which the Royal Botanic Gardens is also involved. A difference is that where IPNI does not indicate correct names, the ''Index Fungorum'' does indicate the status of a name. In the returns from the search page a currently correct name is indicated in green, while others are in blue (a few, aberrant usages of names are indicated in red). All names are linked to pages giving the correct name, with lists of synonyms. ''Index Fungorum'' is one of three nomenclatural repositories recognized by the Nomenclature Committee for Fungi; the others are ''MycoBank'' and ''Fungal Names''. Current names in ''Index Fungorum'' (''Specie ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Carbacanthographis
''Carbacanthographis'' is a genus of corticolous (bark-dwelling) lichens in the family Graphidaceae. The genus was circumscribed by German lichenologists Bettina Staiger and Klaus Kalb in 2002. An updated worldwide key to the genus was published in 2022 that added 17 new species. Species *'' Carbacanthographis acanthoamicta'' – Papua New Guinea *'' Carbacanthographis acanthoparaphysata'' – Papua New Guinea *'' Carbacanthographis aggregata'' – Peninsular Malaysia *'' Carbacanthographis albolirellata'' – Tamil Nadu *'' Carbacanthographis alloafzelii'' – South Solomons *'' Carbacanthographis amazonica'' – French Guiana *'' Carbacanthographis amicta'' *'' Carbacanthographis aptrootii'' – Yunnan, China *'' Carbacanthographis brasiliensis'' – São Paulo, Brazil *'' Carbacanthographis candidata'' *'' Carbacanthographis chionophora'' *'' Carbacanthographis cleitops'' *'' Carbacanthographis coccospora'' *'' Carbacanthographis crassa'' *'' Carbacanthographis ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Taxon
In biology, a taxon (back-formation from ''taxonomy''; plural taxa) is a group of one or more populations of an organism or organisms seen by taxonomists to form a unit. Although neither is required, a taxon is usually known by a particular name and given a particular ranking, especially if and when it is accepted or becomes established. It is very common, however, for taxonomists to remain at odds over what belongs to a taxon and the criteria used for inclusion. If a taxon is given a formal scientific name, its use is then governed by one of the nomenclature codes specifying which scientific name is correct for a particular grouping. Initial attempts at classifying and ordering organisms (plants and animals) were set forth in Carl Linnaeus's Linnaean taxonomy, system in ''Systema Naturae'', 10th edition (1758), as well as an unpublished work by Bernard de Jussieu, Bernard and Antoine Laurent de Jussieu. The idea of a unit-based system of biological classification was first mad ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Norstictic Acid
Norstictic acid is a depsidone produced as a secondary metabolites in lichen A lichen ( , ) is a composite organism that arises from algae or cyanobacteria living among filaments of multiple fungi species in a mutualistic relationship.Lactones Phenols Lichen products Heterocyclic compounds with 4 rings {{lichen-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Salazinic Acid
Salazinic acid is a depsidone with a lactone ring. It is found in some lichens, and is especially prevalent in ''Parmotrema'' and ''Bulbothrix'', where its presence or absence is often used to help classify species in those genera. History In 1897, Friedrich Wilhelm Zopf named the chemical he originally isolated from the African species '' Stereocaulon salazinum'' as salazinic acid. Later studies showed that the compound he named was actually norstictic acid. In 1933, Yasuhiko Asahina and J. Asano studied salazinic acid they had isolated from '' Parmelia cetrata'', and found a unique ring system with seven members containing two phenolic components. The fundamental structure was named depsidone, that is, a seven-membered ring with an oxygen bridge binding two aromatic rings. Japanese chemists demonstrated in the late 1960s that the isolated mycobiont of the lichen '' Ramalina crassa'' could produce salazinic acid when grown in laboratory culture. Subsequent studies tried ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Graphidaceae
The Graphidaceae are a family of lichens in the order Ostropales. Distribution and ecology The vast majority of Graphidaceae species are restricted to the tropics. Most Graphidaceae species are epiphytic (i.e. they grow only on plants). Genera A recent (2020) estimates places 31 genera and about 990 species in Graphidaceae. The following list indicates the genus name, the taxonomic authority, year of publication, and the number of species: *'' Acanthothecis'' – 5 spp. *'' Acanthotrema'' – 1 sp. *'' Aggregatorygma'' – 1 sp. *'' Allographa'' – 183 spp. *'' Amazonotrema'' – 1 sp. *'' Ampliotrema'' – 1 sp. *'' Anomalographis'' – 2 spp. *'' Anomomorpha'' – 8 spp. *'' Astrochapsa'' – 29 spp. *'' Austrotrema'' – 3 spp. *'' Borinquenotrema'' – 1 sp. *'' Byssotrema'' – 1 sp. *'' Carbacanthographis'' – 22 spp. *'' Chapsa'' – 51 spp. *'' Chroodiscus'' – 17 spp. *'' Clandestinotrema'' – 17 spp. *'' Compositrema'' – 4 spp. *'' Corticorygma' ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
