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Governess Of The Children Of France
The Governess of the Children of France (sometimes the Governess of the Royal Children) was office at the royal French court during pre-Revolutionary France and the Bourbon Restoration. She was charged with the education of the children and grandchildren of the monarch. The holder of the office was taken from the highest-ranking nobility of France. The governess was supported by various deputies or under-governesses (''sous gouvernantes''). Governesses of the Children of France Children of Louis XII of France * Michelle de Saubonne Children of Francis I of France * Charlotte Gouffier de Boisy, Madame de Cossé-Brissac * Guillemette de Sarrebruck, comtesse de Braine Children of Henry II of France * 1544–1557: Françoise de Contay (d. 1557), Madame d'Humières, Dame de Contay. ** Marie-Catherine Gondi, 'Madame Duperon' (d. 1570), sous gouvernante (deputy) ** Charlotte de Curton (d. 1575), sous gouvernante (deputy) * Louise de Clermont (1504–1596), comtesse de Tonnerre ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Monarchy Of France
France was ruled by monarchs from the establishment of the Kingdom of West Francia In medieval history, West Francia (Medieval Latin: ) or the Kingdom of the West Franks () refers to the western part of the Frankish Empire established by Charlemagne. It represents the earliest stage of the Kingdom of France, lasting from about ... in 843 until the end of the Second French Empire in 1870, with several interruptions. Classical French historiography usually regards Clovis I () as the first king of France, however historians today consider that such a kingdom did not begin until the establishment of West Francia. Titles The kings used the title "King of the Franks" ( la, Rex Francorum) until the late twelfth century; the first to adopt the title of "King of France" (Latin: ''Rex Franciae''; French language, French: ''roi de France'') was Philip II of France, Philip II in 1190 (r. 1180–1223), after which the title "King of the Franks" gradually lost ground. However, ''Fra ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Claude Catherine De Clermont
Claude Catherine de Clermont- Tonnerre de Vivonne (1543 – 18 February 1603), lady of Dampierre, countess and duchess of Retz, was a French courtier, writer and salon host. Life Family and private life Claude Catherine de Clermont was born in Paris, the only child of Claude de Clermont-Tonnerre and of Jeanne de Vivonne. In 1561, at 18, she married Jean d'Annebaut, but found herself widowed at 20 after he was killed in the battle of Dreux in 1563. In 1565, she married for a second time, to Albert de Gondi, duc de Retz. Their children included Jean-François de Gondi (later archbishop of Paris) and Claude-Marguerite de Gondi (later Marquise de Maignelay and patroness of the Madelonnettes Convent). During the absence of her spouse, she assembled troops at his expense to drive off robbers threatening his lands, led them herself and forced the robbers to take flight. Court career Beautiful and courteous, Catherine was made lady in waiting to queen Catherine de' Medici. S ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Louis, Duke Of Burgundy (1682–1712)
Louis, Dauphin of France, Duke of Burgundy (16 August 1682 – 18 February 1712), was the eldest son of Louis, Grand Dauphin, and Maria Anna Victoria of Bavaria and grandson of the reigning French king, Louis XIV. He was known as the "Petit Dauphin" to distinguish him from his father. When his father died in April 1711, the Duke of Burgundy became the official Dauphin of France. He never reigned, as he died in 1712 while his grandfather was still on the throne. Upon the death of Louis XIV in 1715, the Duke of Burgundy's son became Louis XV. Childhood Louis was born in the Palace of Versailles in 1682, the eldest son of the French Dauphin, Louis, who would later be called ''le Grand Dauphin'', and his wife, Maria Anna Victoria of Bavaria. His father was the eldest son of the reigning king, Louis XIV and his wife Queen Maria Theresa of Spain. At birth, he received the title of Duke of Burgundy (''duc de Bourgogne''). In addition, as the son of the Dauphin and grandson to the ki ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Grand Dauphin
Louis, Dauphin of France (1 November 1661 – 14 April 1711), commonly known as Grand Dauphin, was the eldest son and heir apparent of King Louis XIV and his spouse, Maria Theresa of Spain. He became known as the Grand Dauphin after the birth of his own son, Louis, Duke of Burgundy, the Petit Dauphin. As he and his son died before his father, they never became king. His grandson instead became King Louis XV at the death of Louis XIV, while his second son inherited the Spanish throne as Philip V through his grandmother. Biography Louis was born on 1 November 1661 at the Château de Fontainebleau, the eldest son of Louis XIV of France and Maria Theresa of Austria (who were double first-cousins to each other). As a ''Fils de France'' ("Son of France") he was entitled to the style of ''Royal Highness.'' He was baptised on 24 March 1662 at the chapel of the Château de Saint-Germain-en-Laye and given his father's name of Louis. At the ceremony, the Cardinal de Vendôme and the Princess ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Philippe De La Mothe-Houdancourt
Philippe, Comte de la Mothe-Houdancourt (1605 – 24 March 1657) was a French soldier and Marshal of France, who served as Viceroy of Catalonia when it was occupied by France during the Franco-Spanish War. He was awarded the Spanish title of Duke of Cardona in 1642, but this was disputed and not commonly used. In November 1644, he was arrested on charges of treason, and imprisoned for four years. On release, he joined the 1648 uprising against the Crown known as the Fronde, but switched sides in 1651, and was re-appointed Viceroy of Catalonia. After failing to prevent the loss of Barcelona in 1652, he retired from active service, and died in 1657. Biography Philippe de la Mothe-Houdancourt was the son of another Philippe de La Mothe-Houdancourt (1558-1654), who lived to be 94 years old. He was the eldest of eleven children from his father's third marriage to Louise Charles du Plessis-Picquet (ca 1575-1620), others being his full brothers Daniel (1595-1628), and Henri (1612-168 ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Louise De Prie
Louise de Prie de La Mothe-Houdancourt (1624–1709), was a French noblewoman and court official. She served as royal governess to the children of king Louis XIV of France in 1661–72, and to the children of Louis, Grand Dauphin in 1682–91. Life Louise de Prie was born to Louis de Prie, Marquis de Toucy, and Françoise de Saint-Gelais-Lusignan, and married Marschall Philippe de La Mothe-Houdancourt, duke de Cardona, in 1650. She became the mother of Françoise Angélique (1650-1711), ''Charlotte'' Éléonore Madeleine (1651-1744), Duchess of Ventadour by her marriage with Louis-Charles de Lévis and governess of Louis XV Louis XV (15 February 1710 – 10 May 1774), known as Louis the Beloved (french: le Bien-Aimé), was King of France from 1 September 1715 until his death in 1774. He succeeded his great-grandfather Louis XIV at the age of five. Until he reache ... and his children, and Marie Isabelle Gabrielle Angélique (1654-1726), married Henri François ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Julie D'Angennes
Julie d'Angennes, Duchess of Montausier (1607 - 15 November 1671) was a French courtier. She served as royal governess of Louis, Grand Dauphin in 1661–1664, and ''Première dame d'honneur'' to the queen of France, Queen Marie Thérèse, from 1664 until 1671. She was the ''duchesse de Montausier'' by marriage. Life Julie d'Angennes was the daughter of Charles d'Angennes, Marquis of Rambouillet and Catherine de Vivonne, "''marquise de Rambouillet''". She played an important role in the famous literary salon of her mother, where she was referred to as ''Princess Julie'' and was celebrated as a muse to writers and poets for her beauty and wit. She married Charles de Sainte-Maure, Duke of Montausier in 1645. Court career In 1661–1664, she was governess to the dauphin. In 1664, she was appointed ''Première dame d'honneur'' to the queen. In this position, she is known for the complaisant role she played in assisting the king and his mistresses, though she officially stated her ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Louis XIV
, house = Bourbon , father = Louis XIII , mother = Anne of Austria , birth_date = , birth_place = Château de Saint-Germain-en-Laye, Saint-Germain-en-Laye, France , death_date = , death_place = Palace of Versailles, Versailles, France , burial_date = 9 September 1715 , burial_place = Basilica of Saint-Denis , religion = Catholicism (Gallican Rite) , signature = Louis XIV Signature.svg Louis XIV (Louis Dieudonné; 5 September 16381 September 1715), also known as Louis the Great () or the Sun King (), was King of France from 14 May 1643 until his death in 1715. His reign of 72 years and 110 days is the longest of any sovereign in history whose date is verifiable. Although Louis XIV's France was emblematic of the age of absolutism in Europe, the King surrounded himself with a variety of significant political, military, and cultural figures, such as Bossuet, Colbert, Le Brun, Le Nôtre, Lully, Mazarin, Molière, Racine, Turenne, ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Marie-Catherine De Senecey
Marie-Catherine de Senecey, née ''de La Rochefoucauld-Randan'' (1588–1677) was a French courtier. She served as ''Première dame d'honneur'' to the queen of France, Anne of Austria, from 1626 until 1638, and royal governess to king Louis XIV of France and his brother from 1643 until 1646. Life Marie-Catherine de Senecey was the daughter of Jean-Louis de La Rochefoucauld, and married to Henri de Bauffremont, marquis de Senecey (1577–1622), in 1607. In 1626, she was appointed ''Dame d'atour'' to queen Anne, and when Charlotte de Lannoy died later that year, she was promoted to succeed her as ''Première dame d'honneur'', and was herself succeeded as ''Dame d'atour'' by Madeleine du Fargis. She was well liked by queen Anne, and loyal to the queen before Cardinal Richelieu. In 1638, the king relieved her from her office and banished her from court for being in opposition to Cardinal Richelieu, and for having encouraged Louise de La Fayette to enter a convent.Kleinman, Ruth: Anne ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Françoise De Lansac
Françoise de Lansac née de Sainte-Maure de Montausier (1582-1657) was a French courtier. She was the royal governess of King Louis XIV of France and his brother from 1638 until 1643. She was the daughter of Gilles de Souvré and married to Artus de Saint Gelais in 1601. She was a relative of Cardinal Richelieu. In 1638, the king and Cardinal Richelieu reorganized the household of the queen and replaced everyone considered disloyal to the king and the cardinal with their own loyalists.Kleinman, Ruth: Anne of Austria. Queen of France. . Ohio State University Press (1985) Consequently, Françoise de Lansac was appointed Royal Governess, and Count de Brassac and his spouse Catherine de Brassac were appointed to the positions superintendent of the household of the queen and ''Première dame d'honneur'', respectively, in order to keep the queen and her household under control. When Queen Anne became regent in 1643, she replaced her with Marie-Catherine de Senecey Marie-Catherin ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Louis XIII Of France
Louis XIII (; sometimes called the Just; 27 September 1601 – 14 May 1643) was King of France from 1610 until his death in 1643 and King of Navarre (as Louis II) from 1610 to 1620, when the crown of Navarre was merged with the French crown. Shortly before his ninth birthday, Louis became king of France and Navarre after his father Henry IV was assassinated. His mother, Marie de' Medici, acted as regent during his minority. Mismanagement of the kingdom and ceaseless political intrigues by Marie and her Italian favourites led the young king to take power in 1617 by exiling his mother and executing her followers, including Concino Concini, the most influential Italian at the French court. Louis XIII, taciturn and suspicious, relied heavily on his chief ministers, first Charles d'Albert, duc de Luynes and then Cardinal Richelieu, to govern the Kingdom of France. The King and the Cardinal are remembered for establishing the '' Académie française'', and ending the revolt o ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Françoise De Montglat
Françoise de Montglat ''née de Longuejoue'' (d. 1633) was a French court official. She was the royal governess of King Louis XIII of France and his siblings. Françoise de Montglat was the daughter of Thibaut de Longuejoue and Madeleine Briçonnet. She married Robert de Harlay (1550-1607), Baron de Montglat and royal chamberlain, in 1579. She was appointed royal governess to the children of King Henry IV of France. She was given the responsibility for the king's children with Queen Maria of Medici, as well as for the children of the king with his mistresses, who were raised together. She was referred to as "Mamangat" by her royal charges, who corresponded with her as adults. Her daughter Jeanne de Harlay (later Jeanne de Saint George) became a playmate and sub-governess of the royal children, who called her "Mamie", and was later lady-in-waiting and correspondent to Henrietta Maria and, finally, appointed governess to Anne Marie Louise d'Orléans, Duchess of Montpensier Ann ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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