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Gonabad
Gonabad ( fa, گناباد , also Romanized as Gonābād; also known as Gūnābād; formerly Janābaz) is a city and capital of Gonabad County, in Razavi Khorasan Province, Iran. At the 2011 census, its population was 36,367, in 10,389 families. It is mostly well known because of the Gonabadi Dervishes and for its qanats, also known as kareez. It is one of the most important producers of saffron in Iran. Other agricultural products include: Grape, Pistachio and pomegranate. The shrine the Ni'matullāhī Gonabadi Sufism, dervish order is located in Beydokht, a village in the Gonabad county. History The famous ancient war of Davazdah Rokh had happened between Iran and Turan (Central Asia) in this city on the Zibad Castle. The construction of this city is attributed to the Achaemenid Empire, Achaemenid kings and during the Seljuk Empire and Khwarazmian dynasty periods (fifth to seventh centuries AH) it was Shahrabadi. Geography and weather conditions The city of Gonabad is loca ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Qanats Of Gonabad
The Qanats of Ghasabeh ( fa, قنات قصبه), also called Kariz eKay Khosrow, is one of the world's oldest and largest networks of qanats (underground aqueducts). Built between 700 and 500 BCE by the Achaemenid Empire in what is now Gonabad, Razavi Khorasan Province, Iran, the complex contains 427 water wells with a total length of . The site was first added to UNESCO's list of tentative World Heritage Sites in 2007, then officially inscribed in 2016, collectively with several other qanats, as "The Persian Qanat". History Qanat Ghasabe has a link to the legendary king of Iran Kay Khosrow. Many historical and geographical sources mention two main wars in Gonabad region during the time of Kay Khosrow. Davazdah Rokh war and Froad war had been mentioned in Shahnameh. According to Nasir Khusraw, the qanat of Gonabad was built by the order of Kay KhosrowGeography,tribes and minorities in khorasan,Mohammad Ajam, 1992,Tehran also article in qanat seminar2003 Gonaba Persian period ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Gonabad County
Gonabad County ( fa, شهرستان گناباد) is located in Razavi Khorasan province, Iran. The capital of the county is Gonabad. At the 2006 census, the county's population (including those portions of the county later split off to form Bajestan County) was 106,158, in 30,357 households. Retrieved 27 October 2022 At the 2016 census, the county's population was 88,753, in 27,607 households. Climate and geography Gonabad is located in a plate area on the north of the Brakoh mountain or Kūh-e Tīr Māhī Ajam, Mohammad. ''Geography and tribes and minorities in Khorasan'', research published 1992, University of Imam Sadegh, Tehran Administrative divisions Historical places * Bidokht * Kakhk * Kūh-e Tīr Māhī * Qanats of Gonabad * Zibad See also *Davazdah Rokh * Zibad *Iran *Gonabad * Kūh-e Tīr Māhī *Traditional water sources of Persian antiquity Most rivers in Iran are seasonal and have traditionally not been able to supply the needs of urban settlements. M ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Zibad
Zibad ( fa, زيبَد, also Romanized as Zībad) is a village in Zibad Rural District, Kakhk District, Gonabad County, Razavi Khorasan Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 4243, in 1701 families. Zibad, which means beautiful in Persian, was a famous ancient area in Shahnameh. According to Shahnameh Ferdowsi (around 1000 AD), it was the place of a famous war called Davazdah Rokh(12 hero) between Iran and Turan. Zibad also has an ancient qanat that may be more than 1600 years old. Zibad famous product *its saffron ,watermelon ,melon, rice and in the past also opium production. *its ancient castle which was the shelter of the last emperor of sasanian iran, Yazdegerd III, the place of three ancient wars, and its Mithraism monument. *its Qanat and dar e soufe a famous mountain wall rock, similar to Taq-e Bostan *its water clock which had been in use continuously from 400BCE until 1950. *Its Watermill producing flour and crushed wheat. The ancient water mill was at ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Zibad Castle
Zibad Castle is one of the four historical monuments of Zibad, Iran, located in the Kakhk district of Gonabad County, in the Razavi Khorasan Province. It is believed to be the last refuge of Yazdegerd III, whose death signaled the collapse of the Sasanian Empire and the conquest of pre-Islamic Iran. In 2001, the castle was registered as a national heritage property. Zibad Castle has also been nationally registered under the name of Shahab Castle since 2002. Last shelter of the last Sasanian emperor In 651, Yazdegerd III was defeated by the Muslim Arabs in the city of Gonabad in the province of Merv. His heavy Sasanian cavalry was too sluggish and systematized to contain them; if he had employed lightly-armed Arab or East Iranian mercenaries from Khorasan and Transoxiana he would have been much more successful. Shortly after this, Yazdegerd III was murdered, leaving several different and contradictory narratives about his death. One source reports he sought refuge with ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Qanat
A qanat or kārīz is a system for transporting water from an aquifer or water well to the surface, through an underground aqueduct; the system originated approximately 3,000 BC in what is now Iran. The function is essentially the same across North Africa and the Middle East but the system operates under a variety of regional names: ''qanat'' or kārīz in Iran, ''foggara'' in Algeria, ''khettara'' in Morocco, ''falaj'' in Oman, ''karez'' in Afghanistan, ''auyoun'' in Saudi Arabia, et al. The largest extant and functional qanat systems are located in Iran, Afghanistan, Oman, the oases of Turfan region of China, Algeria, and Pakistan. This is a system of water supply that allows water to be transported over long distances in hot dry climates without loss of much of the water to evaporation. The system has the advantage of being resistant to natural disasters such as earthquakes and floods, and to deliberate destruction in war. Furthermore, it is almost insensitive to the level ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Central District (Gonabad County)
The Central District of Gonabad County ( fa, بخش مرکزی شهرستان گناباد) is a district (bakhsh) in Gonabad County, Razavi Khorasan Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 64,849, in 18,169 families. The district has two cities: Gonabad and Bidokht. The district has two rural district Rural districts were a type of local government area – now superseded – established at the end of the 19th century in England, Wales, and Ireland for the administration of predominantly rural areas at a level lower than that of the Ad ...s (''dehestan''): Howmeh Rural District and Pas Kalut Rural District. References Districts of Razavi Khorasan Province Gonabad County {{Gonabad-geo-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Counties Of Iran
Iran's counties (''shahrestan'', fa, شهرستان, also romanized as ''šahrestân'') are administrative divisions of larger provinces (''ostan''). The word ''shahrestan'' comes from the Persian words ' ("city, town") and ' ("province, state"). "County," therefore, is a near equivalent to ''shahrestan''. Counties are divided into one or more districts ( ). A typical district includes both cities ( ) and rural districts ( ), which are groupings of adjacent villages. One city within the county serves as the capital of that county, generally in its Central District. Each county is governed by an office known as ''farmândâri'', which coordinates different public events and agencies and is headed by a ''farmândâr'', the governor of the county and the highest-ranking official in the division. Among the provinces of Iran, Fars has the highest number of ''shahrestans'' (37), while Qom has the fewest (3). In 2005 Iran had 324 ''shahrestans'', while in 2021 there were 467. ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Davazdah Rokh
Davāzdah Rokh ( fa, دَوازدَه رُخ) (Twelve combats) is a story in Shahnameh. This relatively long story (almost 2,500 verses) is described as one of the finest stories of Shahnameh in terms of "plot, dramatic description, and insight into human nature". It takes place in the border of Iran and Turan, where a number of Iranian heroes fight with a number of Turanian heroes. In all cases, Iranian heroes defeat their Turanian competitors. Goudarz is the chief of Iranian heroes and Piran Viseh is the chief of Turanian heroes. The battle begins when Piran's brother, Houman, challenges the Iranians and is killed by Bizhan in a single combat. The two armies then fight together but the war has no winner. Finally they agree on pitched battles (''mard o mard'') between the heroes of the two army: Heroes of the two army # Fariburz vs Golbad Viseh # Giv vs Goruye Zereh # Gorazeh vs Siamak the Turanian # Foruhal vs Zangolah # Rohham vs Barman # Bizhan vs Rooyin # Hojir vs Sepah ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Achaemenid Empire
The Achaemenid Empire or Achaemenian Empire (; peo, 𐎧𐏁𐏂, , ), also called the First Persian Empire, was an ancient Iranian empire founded by Cyrus the Great in 550 BC. Based in Western Asia, it was contemporarily the largest empire in history, spanning a total of from the Balkans and Egypt in the west to Central Asia and the Indus Valley in the east. Around the 7th century BC, the region of Persis in the southwestern portion of the Iranian plateau was settled by the Persians. From Persis, Cyrus rose and defeated the Median Empire as well as Lydia and the Neo-Babylonian Empire, marking the formal establishment of a new imperial polity under the Achaemenid dynasty. In the modern era, the Achaemenid Empire has been recognized for its imposition of a successful model of centralized, bureaucratic administration; its multicultural policy; building complex infrastructure, such as road systems and an organized postal system; the use of official languages across ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Seljuk Empire
The Great Seljuk Empire, or the Seljuk Empire was a high medieval, culturally Turco-Persian tradition, Turko-Persian, Sunni Islam, Sunni Muslim empire, founded and ruled by the Qiniq (tribe), Qïnïq branch of Oghuz Turks. It spanned a total area of from Anatolia and the Levant in the west to the Hindu Kush in the east, and from Central Asia in the north to the Persian Gulf in the south. The Seljuk Empire was founded in 1037 by Tughril (990–1063) and his brother Chaghri Beg, Chaghri (989–1060), both of whom co-ruled over its territories; there are indications that the Seljuk leadership otherwise functioned as a triumvirate and thus included Seljuk dynasty, Musa Yabghu, the uncle of the aforementioned two. From their homelands near the Aral Sea, the Seljuks advanced first into Greater Khorasan, Khorasan and into the Iranian plateau, Iranian mainland, where they would become largely based as a Persianate society. They then moved west to conquer Baghdad, filling up the power va ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Khwarazmian Dynasty
The Anushtegin dynasty or Anushteginids (English: , fa, ), also known as the Khwarazmian dynasty ( fa, ) was a Persianate C. E. BosworthKhwarazmshahs i. Descendants of the line of Anuštigin In Encyclopaedia Iranica, online ed., 2009: ''"Little specific is known about the internal functioning of the Khwarazmian state, but its bureaucracy, directed as it was by Persian officials, must have followed the Saljuq model. This is the impression gained from the various Khwarazmian chancery and financial documents preserved in the collections of enšāʾdocuments and epistles from this period. The authors of at least three of these collections—Rašid-al-Din Vaṭvāṭ (d. 1182-83 or 1187-88), with his two collections of rasāʾel, and Bahāʾ-al-Din Baḡdādi, compiler of the important Ketāb al-tawaṣṣol elā al-tarassol—were heads of the Khwarazmian chancery. The Khwarazmshahs had viziers as their chief executives, on the traditional pattern, and only as the dynasty approac ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Arid
A region is arid when it severely lacks available water, to the extent of hindering or preventing the growth and development of plant and animal life. Regions with arid climates tend to lack vegetation and are called xeric or desertic. Most arid climates straddle the Equator; these regions include parts of Africa, Asia, South America, North America, and Australia. Change over time The distribution of aridity at any time is largely the result of the general circulation of the atmosphere. The latter does change significantly over time through climate change. For example, temperature increase by 1.5–2.1 percent across the Nile Basin over the next 30–40 years could change the region from semi-arid to arid, significantly reducing the land usable for agriculture. In addition, changes in land use can increase demands on soil water and thereby increase aridity. See also * Arid Forest Research Institute * Aridity index * Desert climate * Desiccation tolerance * Drought * Hu ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
