|
Go-Shirakawa
was the 77th emperor of Japan, according to the traditional order of succession. His de jure reign spanned the years from 1155 through 1158, though arguably he effectively maintained imperial power for almost thirty-seven years through the ''insei'' system – scholars differ as to whether his rule can be truly considered part of the ''insei'' system, given that the Hōgen Rebellion undermined the imperial position. However, it is broadly acknowledged that by politically outmaneuvering his opponents, he attained greater influence and power than the diminished authority of the emperor's position during this period would otherwise allow. Posthumously, this 12th-century sovereign was named after the 11th-century Emperor Shirakawa. ''Go-'' (後), translates literally as "later"; and thus, he is sometimes called the "Later Emperor Shirakawa", or in some older sources, may be identified as "Shirakawa, the second" or as "Shirakawa II". Unusually, the years of Go-Shirakawa's reign are ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Cloistered Rule
was a form of government in Japan during the Heian period. In this bifurcated system, an emperor abdicated, but retained power and influence. Those retired emperors who withdrew to live in monasteries (''in'') continued to act in ways intended to counterbalance the influence of Fujiwara regents and the warrior class.Nussbaum, Louis-Frédéric. (2005). "''Insei''" in Simultaneously, the titular emperor, the former emperor's chosen successor, fulfilled all the ceremonial roles and formal duties of the monarchy. Retired emperors were called ''Daijō Tennō'' or ''Jōkō''. A retired emperor who entered a Buddhist monastic community became a Cloistered Emperor (''Japanese'' 太上法皇 Daijō Hōō). There were retired emperors, including cloistered emperors, both before and after the Heian period, but the notion of cloistered rule as a system usually refers to the practice put in place by Emperor Shirakawa in 1086 and followed by his successors until the rise of the Kamakura shog ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Emperor Nijō
was the 78th emperor of Japan, according to the traditional order of succession. His reign spanned the years from 1158 through 1165. Genealogy Before his ascension to the Chrysanthemum Throne, his personal name (his ''imina'') was Morihito''-shinnō'' (守仁親王). He was the eldest son of Emperor Go-Shirakawa. He was the father of Emperor Rokujō. *Empress: Imperial Princess Yoshiko (姝子内親王) later Takamatsu-in (高松院), Emperor Toba’s daughter. *Empress: Fujiwara no Ikushi (藤原育子), Fujiwara no Tadamichi’s daughter *Tai-Kōtaigō: Fujiwara Masuko (藤原多子) Later Grand Empress Dowager Omiya, Tokudaiji Kin'yoshi's daughter. *Toku-no-Kimi (督の君), Minamoto Tadafusa’s daughter also Fujiwara no Narichika’s Wife *Kasuga-dono (春日殿), Nakahara Moromoto’s daughter ** First Daughter: Imperial Princess Yoshiko (僐子内親王; 1159-1171) *Umeryo-kimi (右馬助), Minamoto Mitsunari’s daughter ** First Son: Imperial Prince Priest Son'e ( ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Emperor Takakura
was the 80th emperor of Japan, according to the traditional order of succession. His reign spanned the years from 1168 through 1180. Genealogy Before his ascension to the Chrysanthemum Throne, his personal name (his ''imina'') was Norihito''-shinnō'' (憲仁親王). He was also known as Nobuhito''-shinnō''. Takakura was the fourth son of Emperor Go-Shirakawa, and thus uncle to his predecessor, Emperor Rokujō. His mother was Empress Dowager Taira no Shigeko, the younger sister of Taira no Tokiko, the concubine of Taira no Kiyomori. His empress consort was Taira no Tokuko (later Empress Dowager Kenrei), the regent of Taira no Kiyomori, and thus his first cousin (as his mother and Tokuko's mothers were sisters). * Empress consort: Taira no Tokuko (平徳子) – later Kenreimon-in ** First Son: Imperial Prince Tokihito (言仁親王) – later Emperor Antoku * Lady-in-waiting: Bōmon Shokushi (坊門殖子; 1157–1228) later Shichijō-in (七条院), Bomon Nobutaka's daught ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Fujiwara No Tamako
, also known as , was an Empress consort of Emperor Toba of Japan, and mother of Emperor Sutoku and Emperor Go-Shirakawa. She was the eldest daughter of . Life Tamako's father died when she was seven years old, and she was raised by the retired Emperor Shirakawa and his favorite mistress (Gion no Nyogo was Taira no Tadamori's wife also Mother of Taira no Kiyomori). Once she grew up, she was almost engaged to the heir of the regent Fujiwara clan, Fujiwara no Tadamichi, but his father Fujiwara no Tadazane incurred Shirakawa's displeasure by declining the offer due to rumors about Tamako's behavior. In early 1118, with Shirakawa as her godfather, Tamako entered the court of her cousin Emperor Toba. Just a month later, she was invested as Empress Consort ('' chūgū''). In mid-1119 she bore Toba's first child, Prince Akihito. In early 1123, Shirakawa had the five-year-old Prince Akihito ascend to the throne as Emperor Sutoku, and in 1124 Tamako was bestowed the title Taikenmon-in ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Fujiwara No Kinshi (Go-Shirakawa)
Fujiwara no Kinshi (藤原 忻子; 1134 – September 12, 1209) was an Empress consort of Japan. She was the consort of Emperor Go-Shirakawa was the 77th emperor of Japan, according to the traditional order of succession. His de jure reign spanned the years from 1155 through 1158, though arguably he effectively maintained imperial power for almost thirty-seven years through the ''ins ... of Japan. She was born as the daughter of Tokudaiji Kinyoshi. She entered the Imperial Court and became a lady-in-waiting in 1155. She was made empress consort of Emperor Go-Shirakawa in 1156. Emperor Go-Shirakawa abdicated 2 years later. She was made empress dowager in 1172 and died at the age of 76 in 1209. Notes Fujiwara clan Japanese empresses Tokudaiji family 1134 births 1209 deaths {{Japan-royal-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Emperor Konoe
was the 76th emperor of Japan, Imperial Household Agency (''Kunaichō'') 近衛天皇 (76)/ref> according to the traditional order of succession. Konoe's reign spanned the years from 1142 through 1155. Genealogy Before his ascension to the Chrysanthemum Throne, his personal name (his ''imina'') was Narihito''-shinnō'' (体仁親王). He was also known as Tosihito''-shinnō''.Titsingh p. 186./ref> Emperor Konoe was the eighth son of Emperor Toba. His mother was Fujiwara no Nariko (1117–1160), the wife of Emperor Toba. *''Kōgō'': Fujiwara no Tashi (藤原多子), Tokudaiji Kin'yoshi‘s daughter and Fujiwara no Yorinaga’s adopted daughter. Later married Emperor Nijo and become Emperor Rokujo’s foster mother. *''Chūgū'': Fujiwara no Shimeko (藤原呈子) later Kujō-in (九条院), Fujiwara no Koremichi’s daughter and Fujiwara no Tadamichi’s adopted daughter. Events of Konoe's life Konoe was named heir shortly after he was born in 1139; and he was proclaime ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Fujiwara No Yorinaga
was a Japanese statesman and a member of the Fujiwara clan who was highly significant in determining the course of 12th century Japanese political history. Early life Born in 1120, Yorinaga had a turbulent youth. He later wrote that he did not listen to his elders and would spend most of his time roaming through the country, hawking and hunting - he said he still bore the scars of these expeditions at the time of writing. Despite this, he did proceed to begin studying, particularly the classics of Chinese literature and Confucianism, as well as Indian logic. He read little or no native Japanese works, however, and was later notable for never composing a poem in Japanese. He was the favourite son of his father, Tadazane. Career Yorinaga ascended quickly through the political ranks, achieving the formidable office of Minister of the Right (Udaijin) by the age of 17. In 1150, he was appointed Minister of the Left, or Sadaijin, the highest rank under the Chancellor and the Regent ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Fujiwara No Nariko
, also known as , was an Empress consort of Emperor Toba of Japan and mother of Emperor Konoe. She was the daughter of the ''chūnagon'' and . Life Early years Born in 1117, Nariko grew up with her father Nagazane's doting affection. According to the ''Imakagami'', he commented that he could not bring himself to marry her to an ordinary person. Nariko's maternal uncle recorded in his diary that even when Nagazane was on his deathbed, he shed tears and said that he could not forget his dear girl for even a moment. Nagazane was favored in the court because his grandmother acted as wetnurse to the future Emperor Shirakawa, and during Shirakawa's cloistered rule, Nagazane served as his attendant. In 1134, after Nagazane's death, Nariko gained the affection of the retired Emperor Toba, and in late 1135 gave birth to . Early in 1136, she was conferred the . In 1137 she gave birth to , and in 1139 to a long-awaited son, Prince Narihito, the future Emperor Konoe. Three months lat ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Emperor Toba
was the 74th Emperor of Japan, Imperial Household Agency (''Kunaichō'') 鳥羽天皇 (74)/ref> according to the traditional order of succession. Toba's reign spanned the years from 1107 through 1123. Genealogy Before his ascension to the Chrysanthemum Throne, his personal name (his ''imina'') was Munehito''-shinnō'' (宗仁親王). He was the son of Emperor Horikawa. His mother was Empress Dowager Fujiwara no Ishi (藤原苡子) Toba had three Empresses, some consort ladies and 14 imperial sons and daughters.Brown, p. 321. * ''chūgū'' : Fujiwara no Tamako (藤原璋子) later Taikenmon’in (待賢門院), Fujiwara no Kinzane‘s daughter ** First Son: Imperial Prince Akihito (顕仁親王) later Emperor Sutoku ** First Daughter: Imperial Princess ''Yoshiko/Kishi'' (禧子内親王; 1122–1133) – Saiin at Kamo Shrine ** Second Son: Imperial Prince Michihito (通仁親王; 1124–1129) ** Third Son: Imperial Prince Kimihito (君仁親王; 1125–1143) ** Second Daug ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Kyūju
was a after ''Ninpei'' and before '' Hōgen.'' This period spanned the years from October 1154 through April 1156. The reigning emperors were and . Change of era * February 14, 1154 : The new era name was created to mark an event or a number of events. The previous era ended and a new one commenced in ''Ninpei'' 4, on the 28th day of the 10th month of 1154.Brown, p. 326. Events of the ''Kyūju'' era * 1154 (''Kyūju 1, 5th month ''): The ''udaijin'' Minamoto Masasada retired from public life to become a priest at age 61. He died several years later.Titsingh p. 188./ref> * 1154 (''Kyūju 1, 8th month''): Fujiwara Saneyoshi, Grand General of the Right, was elevated to the role of Grand General of the Left; and the former ''dainagon'' Fujiwara Kanenaga (aged 17) was elevated to take on the newly vacated role of Grand General of the Right. * August 22, 1155 (''Kyūju 2, 23rd day of the 7th month''): Emperor Konoe died at the age of 17 years without leaving any heirs. * August 23 ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Japanese Era Names
The , also known as , is the first of the two elements that identify years in the Japanese era calendar scheme. The second element is a number which indicates the year number within the era (with the first year being ""), followed by the literal "" meaning "year". Era names originated in 140 BCE in China, during the reign of the Emperor Wu of Han. As elsewhere in East Asia, the use of era names was originally derived from Chinese imperial practice, although the Japanese system is independent of the Chinese, Korean, and Vietnamese era-naming systems. Unlike these other similar systems, Japanese era names are still in use. Government offices usually require era names and years for official papers. The five era names used since the end of the Edo period in 1868 can be abbreviated by taking the first letter of their romanized names. For example, S55 means Shōwa 55 (i.e. 1980), and H22 stands for Heisei 22 (2010). At 62 years and 2 weeks, Shōwa is the longest era to date. The c ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Hōgen (era)
was a after ''Kyūju'' and before ''Heiji.'' This period spanned the years from April 1156 through April 1159. The reigning emperors were and . Change of era * January 24, 1156 : The new era name was created to mark an event or series of events. The previous era ended and a new one commenced in ''Kyūju'' 3, on the 24th day of the 4th month of 1156. Events of the ''Hōgen'' era * July 20, 1156 (''Hōgen 1, 2nd day of the 7th month''): Cloistered Emperor Toba-in died at age 54. * July 28–August 16, 1156 (''Hōgen 1, 10th-29th days of the 7th month''): The ''Hōgen'' Rebellion, also known as the ''Hōgen'' Insurrection or the ''Hōgen'' War. * 1156 (''Hōgen 1, 9th month''): The ''naidaijin'' Fujiwara Saneyoshi was named ''sadaijin''. The ''dainagon'' Fujiwara Koremichi became ''naidaijin.'' After the war, tranquility was restored throughout the empire; and the emperor himself was in charge of the government. A special building was constructed in Kyoto, where—as in th ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
