Gnaphosidae
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Gnaphosidae
Ground spiders comprise Gnaphosidae, the seventh largest spider family with over 2,000 described species in over 100 genera distributed worldwide. There are 105 species known to central Europe, and common genera include ''Gnaphosa'', ''Drassodes'', ''Micaria'', '' Cesonia'', ''Zelotes'' and many others. They are closely related to Clubionidae. At present, no ground spiders are known to be seriously venomous to humans. Description Generally, ground spiders are characterized by having barrel-shaped anterior spinnerets that are one spinneret diameter apart. The main exception to this rule is found in the ant-mimicking genus ''Micaria''. Another characteristic is an indentation in the endites (paired mouthparts anterior and lateral to the labium, or lip). All ground spiders lack a prey-capture web and generally run prey down on the surface. They hunt at night and spend the day in a silken retreat. The genitalia are diverse and are a good model for studying the evolution of genitalia ...
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Micaria
''Micaria'' is a genus of ground spiders that was first described by Niklas Westring in 1851. They are long. They are often called "ant spiders" due to their ant-like appearance and ant mimicking behavior. Species it contains 105 species and two subspecies found in the Holarctic, Indomalayan, Australasian and Afrotropical zoogeographic regions: *'' M. aborigenica'' Mikhailov, 1988 – Russia (north-eastern Siberia) *'' M. aciculata'' Simon, 1895 – Russia (South Siberia) *'' M. aenea'' Thorell, 1871 – North America, Europe, Russia (Europe to Far East), Kazakhstan *'' M. albofasciata'' Hu, 2001 – China *'' M. albovittata'' (Lucas, 1846) – Europe, Turkey, Caucasus, Russia (Europe to Central Asia), Iran, Turkmenistan, China *'' M. alpina'' L. Koch, 1872 – USA (Alaska), Canada, Europe, Russia (Europe to Far East), Japan *'' M. alxa'' Tang, Urita, Song & Zhao, 1997 – China *'' M. beaufortia'' (Tucker, 1923) – South Africa *'' M. belezma'' Bosmans, 2000 – Algeria * ...
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List Of Gnaphosidae Species
This page lists all described genera and species of the spider family Gnaphosidae. , the World Spider Catalog accepts 3059 species in 158 genera: A ''Allomicythus'' ''Allomicythus'' Ono, 2009 * '' Allomicythus kamurai'' Ono, 2009 ( type) — Vietnam ''Allozelotes'' ''Allozelotes'' Yin & Peng, 1998 * '' Allozelotes dianshi'' Yin & Peng, 1998 — China * '' Allozelotes lushan'' Yin & Peng, 1998 ( type) — China * '' Allozelotes microsaccatus'' Yang, Zhang, Zhang & Kim, 2009 — China * '' Allozelotes songi'' Yang, Zhang, Zhang & Kim, 2009 — China ''Almafuerte'' '' Almafuerte'' Grismado & Carrión, 2017 * '' Almafuerte facon'' Grismado & Carrión, 2017 — Bolivia * '' Almafuerte giaii'' (Gerschman & Schiapelli, 1948) — Argentina * '' Almafuerte goloboffi'' Grismado & Carrión, 2017 — Argentina * '' Almafuerte kuru'' Grismado & Carrión, 2017 — Argentina * '' Almafuerte peripampasica'' Grismado & Carrión, 2017 ( type) — Argentina, Uruguay * '' Almafuerte remota'' Gr ...
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Aponetius
''Aponetius'' is a genus of east Asian ground spiders. It was first described by T. Kamura in 2020, and it has only been found in Japan. The type species, ''Aponetius gladius'', was originally described under the name "''Zelotes gladius"''. Species it contains five species: *'' A. flexuosus'' (Kamura, 1999) – Japan (Ryukyu Is.) *'' A. gladius'' (Kamura, 1999) ( type) – Japan (Ryukyu Is.) *'' A. ogatai'' Kamura, 2020 – Japan (Ryukyu Is.) *'' A. ryukyuensis'' (Kamura, 1999) – Japan (Ryukyu Is.) *'' A. watarii'' Kamura, 2020 – Japan (Ryukyu Is.) See also * ''Zelotes'' * List of Gnaphosidae species This page lists all described genera and species of the spider family Gnaphosidae. , the World Spider Catalog accepts 3059 species in 158 genera: A ''Allomicythus'' ''Allomicythus'' Ono, 2009 * '' Allomicythus kamurai'' Ono, 2009 ( type) — V ... References Further reading * Gnaphosidae genera Endemic fauna of the Ryukyu Islands {{Gnaphosidae-stub ...
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Anzacia
''Anzacia'' is a genus of Oceania, South Pacific Gnaphosidae, ground spiders that was first described by R. de Dalmas in 1919. Species it contains fifteen species: *''Anzacia daviesae'' Ovtsharenko & Norman I. Platnick, Platnick, 1995 – Australia (Queensland) *''Anzacia debilis'' (Henry Roughton Hogg, Hogg, 1900) – Australia (Victoria) *''Anzacia dimota'' (Simon, 1908) – Australia (Victoria) *''Anzacia gemmea'' (Dalmas, 1917) – New Zealand, Australia (Phillip Is.) *''Anzacia inornata'' (Rainbow, 1920) – Australia (Norfolk Is.) *''Anzacia invenusta'' (Ludwig Carl Christian Koch, L. Koch, 1872) – Australia (New South Wales) *''Anzacia micacea'' (Simon, 1908) – Australia (Western Australia) *''Anzacia mustecula'' (Simon, 1908) – New Guinea, Australia (mainland, Cato Is., Lord Howe Is.) *''Anzacia perelegans'' (Rainbow, 1894) – Australia (New South Wales) *''Anzacia perexigua'' (Simon, 1880) (Type species, type) – New Caledonia *''Anzacia petila'' (Simon, 1908) †...
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Gnaphosa
''Gnaphosa'' is a genus of ground spiders that was first described by Pierre André Latreille in 1804. They all have a serrated keel on the retromargin of each chelicera. Species it contains 148 species: *'' G. aborigena'' Tyschchenko, 1965 – Kazakhstan *'' G. akagiensis'' Hayashi, 1994 – Japan *'' G. alacris'' Simon, 1878 – France, Italy, Croatia, Morocco *'' G. alpica'' Simon, 1878 – France, Switzerland, Austria *'' G. altudona'' Chamberlin, 1922 – USA *'' G. antipola'' Chamberlin, 1933 – USA, Canada *'' G. artaensis'' Wunderlich, 2011 – Portugal, Spain (Balearic Is.) *'' G. atramentaria'' Simon, 1878 – France *'' G. azerbaidzhanica'' Tuneva & Esyunin, 2003 – Azerbaijan *'' G. badia'' (L. Koch, 1866) – Europe to Azerbaijan *'' G. balearicola'' Strand, 1942 – Spain (Balearic Is.) *'' G. banini'' Marusik & Koponen, 2001 – Russia (South Siberia), Mongolia *'' G. basilicata'' Simon, 1882 – Italy *'' G. belyaevi'' Ovtsharenko, Platnick & Song, 1992 – M ...
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Drassodes
''Drassodes'' is a genus of ground spiders that was first described by Niklas Westring in 1851. They are brown, gray, and red spiders that live under rocks or bark in mostly dry habitats, and are generally long, but can reach up to in length. Species it contains 162 species: *'' D. adisensis'' Strand, 1906 – Ethiopia *'' D. affinis'' (Nicolet, 1849) – Chile *'' D. afghanus'' Roewer, 1961 – Afghanistan *'' D. albicans'' (Simon, 1878) – Mediterranean *'' D. andamanensis'' Tikader, 1977 – India (Andaman Is.) *'' D. andorranus'' Denis, 1938 – Andorra *'' D. angulus'' Platnick & Shadab, 1976 – USA *'' D. arapensis'' Strand, 1908 – Peru *'' D. archibensis'' Ponomarev & Alieva, 2008 – Russia (Caucasus) *'' D. assimilatus'' ( Blackwall, 1865) – Canary Is., Cape Verde Is. *'' D. astrologus'' (O. Pickard-Cambridge, 1874) – India *'' D. auriculoides'' Barrows, 1919 – USA *'' D. auritus'' Schenkel, 1963 – Russia (Europe), Kazakhstan, China *'' D. bechuanicus' ...
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Anagraphis
''Anagraphis'' is a genus of Gnaphosidae, ground spiders that was first described by Eugène Simon in 1893. Originally placed in the now unrecognized family Prodidomidae, it was moved to the family Gnaphosidae in 2006. Species it contains seven species from Asia and Africa: *''Anagraphis incerta'' Lodovico di Caporiacco, Caporiacco, 1941 – Ethiopia *''Anagraphis maculosa'' Denis, 1958 – Afghanistan *''Anagraphis minima'' Caporiacco, 1947 – East Africa *''Anagraphis ochracea'' (Ludwig Carl Christian Koch, L. Koch, 1867) – Albania, Macedonia, Greece, Turkey *''Anagraphis pallens'' Simon, 1893 (Type species, type) – Libya, Malta, Greece, Turkey, Israel, Syria, Russia (Europe), Azerbaijan, Iran, Kazakhstan, Central Asia *''Anagraphis pluridentata'' Simon, 1897 – Syria *''Anagraphis pori'' Levy, 1999 – Israel References

Araneomorphae genera Gnaphosidae Spiders of Africa Spiders of Asia Taxa named by Eugène Simon {{Gnaphosidae-stub ...
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Aphantaulax
''Aphantaulax'' is a genus of ground spiders that was first described by Eugène Simon in 1878. Species it contains seventeen species: *'' Aphantaulax albini'' (Audouin, 1826) ( type) – Egypt, Ethiopia *'' Aphantaulax australis'' Simon, 1893 – South Africa *'' Aphantaulax cincta'' (L. Koch, 1866) – Europe, Turkey, North Africa, Israel *'' Aphantaulax ensifera'' Simon, 1907 – São Tomé and Príncipe *'' Aphantaulax fasciata'' Kulczyński, 1911 – Thailand, Indonesia (Java, Lombok) *'' Aphantaulax flavida'' Caporiacco, 1940 – Ethiopia *'' Aphantaulax inornata'' Tucker, 1923 – South Africa *'' Aphantaulax katangae'' (Giltay, 1935) – Congo *'' Aphantaulax rostrata'' Dankittipakul & Singtripop, 2013 – Thailand *'' Aphantaulax scotophaea'' Simon, 1908 – Australia (Western Australia) *'' Aphantaulax signicollis'' Tucker, 1923 – South Africa *'' Aphantaulax stationis'' Tucker, 1923 – South Africa *'' Aphantaulax trifasciata'' (O. Pickard-Cambridge, 1872) – So ...
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Almafuerte (spider)
''Almafuerte'' is a genus of South America South America is a continent entirely in the Western Hemisphere and mostly in the Southern Hemisphere, with a relatively small portion in the Northern Hemisphere at the northern tip of the continent. It can also be described as the sout ...n ground spiders first described by C. J. Grismado & N. L. Carrión in 2017. Species it contains seven species: *'' Almafuerte facon'' Grismado & Carrión, 2017 — Bolivia *'' Almafuerte giaii'' (Gerschman & Schiapelli, 1948) — Argentina *'' Almafuerte goloboffi'' Grismado & Carrión, 2017 — Argentina *'' Almafuerte kuru'' Grismado & Carrión, 2017 — Argentina *'' Almafuerte peripampasica'' Grismado & Carrión, 2017 — Argentina, Uruguay *'' Almafuerte remota'' Grismado & Carrión, 2017 — Argentina *'' Almafuerte vigorosa'' Grismado & Carrión, 2017 — Argentina References Araneomorphae genera Gnaphosidae {{Gnaphosidae-stub ...
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Allomicythus
''Allomicythus'' is a monotypic genus of Southeast Asian ground spiders containing the single species, ''Allomicythus kamurai''. It was first described by H. Ono in 2009, and has only been found in Vietnam Vietnam or Viet Nam ( vi, Việt Nam, ), officially the Socialist Republic of Vietnam,., group="n" is a country in Southeast Asia, at the eastern edge of mainland Southeast Asia, with an area of and population of 96 million, making i .... References Gnaphosidae Monotypic Araneomorphae genera Spiders of Asia {{Gnaphosidae-stub ...
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Allozelotes
''Allozelotes'' is a genus of East Asian ground spiders that was first described by C. M. Yin & X. J. Peng in 1998. Species it contains four species, all found in China China, officially the People's Republic of China (PRC), is a country in East Asia. It is the world's most populous country, with a population exceeding 1.4 billion, slightly ahead of India. China spans the equivalent of five time zones and ...: *'' Allozelotes dianshi'' Yin & Peng, 1998 – China *'' Allozelotes lushan'' Yin & Peng, 1998 ( type) – China *'' Allozelotes microsaccatus'' Yang, Zhang, Zhang & Kim, 2009 – China *'' Allozelotes songi'' Yang, Zhang, Zhang & Kim, 2009 – China References Araneomorphae genera Gnaphosidae Spiders of China {{Gnaphosidae-stub ...
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Zelotes
''Zelotes'' is a genus Genus ( plural genera ) is a taxonomic rank used in the biological classification of extant taxon, living and fossil organisms as well as Virus classification#ICTV classification, viruses. In the hierarchy of biological classification, genus com ... of ground spiders that was first described by J. Gistel in 1848. Species it contains approximately 400 species: References Gnaphosidae Araneomorphae genera Cosmopolitan spiders {{Gnaphosidae-stub ...
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