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Giacinto Ferrero
Giacinto Ferrero (1862–1922) was an Italian general. He was an officer and grand officer of the Military Order of Savoy. Biography At the outbreak of the First World War he was Major General and was deployed on the Dolomite front. In December 1915, he was part of the Italian Expeditionary Corps in Albania. A brigade under his command occupied the stronghold of Durres, but had to evacuate it in February 1916 by sea after the end of the Evacuation of the Serbian Army. Back in Italy and promoted to Lieutenant General, he was placed in command of the "Palermo" infantry brigade and then of the "Cagliari". After the successful defense of the Tagliamento River, he returned to Albania and assumed command of the XVI Italian Army Corps in December 1916 until the end of the war. On 3 June 1917, on the occasion of the anniversary of the Statuto Albertino, he issued the so-called "Proclamation of Gjirokaster", authorized by Minister of Foreign Affairs Sidney Sonnino, which ensured Alba ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Giacinto Ferrero
Giacinto Ferrero (1862–1922) was an Italian general. He was an officer and grand officer of the Military Order of Savoy. Biography At the outbreak of the First World War he was Major General and was deployed on the Dolomite front. In December 1915, he was part of the Italian Expeditionary Corps in Albania. A brigade under his command occupied the stronghold of Durres, but had to evacuate it in February 1916 by sea after the end of the Evacuation of the Serbian Army. Back in Italy and promoted to Lieutenant General, he was placed in command of the "Palermo" infantry brigade and then of the "Cagliari". After the successful defense of the Tagliamento River, he returned to Albania and assumed command of the XVI Italian Army Corps in December 1916 until the end of the war. On 3 June 1917, on the occasion of the anniversary of the Statuto Albertino, he issued the so-called "Proclamation of Gjirokaster", authorized by Minister of Foreign Affairs Sidney Sonnino, which ensured Alba ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Military Order Of Savoy
The Military Order of Savoy was a military honorary order of the Kingdom of Sardinia first, and of the Kingdom of Italy later. Following the abolition of the Italian monarchy, the order became the Military Order of Italy. History The origin of the Military Order of Savoy can be traced back to the first honorary degrees granted by Victor Amadeus III of Sardinia to its soldiers (see Gold Medal of Military Valor). Later this degrees went into disuse because of the Napoleonic regime in Italy and especially in Piedmont. On 1 April 1815 these honorary degrees were used again by Victor Emmanuel I of Sardinia and later abolished on the 14th of August of the same year. Later again, all of these honorary degrees become part of one, and became, the Military Order of Savoy. This military order was to be granted to the soldiers who fought in the Italian army of Napoleon and became part of the Legion of Honor (or either obtained the honorary degree of Order of the Iron Crown) due to militar ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Great Retreat (Serbian)
The Great Retreat, also known in Serbian historiography as the Albanian Golgotha ( sr, Албанска голгота / ''Albanska golgota''), was a strategic withdrawal of the Royal Serbian Army, which marked the end of the second Serbian campaign of World War I. In late October 1915, Germany, Austria-Hungary and Bulgaria launched a synchronised major offensive against Serbia. That same month, France and Britain landed four divisions at Salonika, but were unable to move north to help their outnumbered Serbian ally caught between the invading forces. The Serbs slowly retreated southwards with the plan to withdraw into Macedonia to link up with Allied An alliance is a relationship among people, groups, or states that have joined together for mutual benefit or to achieve some common purpose, whether or not explicit agreement has been worked out among them. Members of an alliance are called ... forces. After Bulgarian forces prevented a French advance in the Vardar Vall ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Tagliamento River
The Tagliamento () is a braided river in north-east Italy, flowing from the Alps to the Adriatic Sea at a point between Trieste and Venice. The Tagliamento river is considered as the last morphologically intact river in the Alps. (Its course has not been altered by human intervention). For this reason, it has been the subject of many scientific investigations into its peculiar characteristics: these include its 150 km long corridor which connects the Alps and the Adriatic Sea, its unconstrained floodplain, which hosts several aquatic and terrestrial habitats, and its over 600 islands. The source is in the Mauria Pass, on the border between the regions of Veneto and Friuli-Venezia Giulia. In the upper section, it flows through the historic Carnia region, in the northern part of the province of Udine. In the middle and lower sections, it first sets the boundary between the provinces of Province of Udine, Udine and Province of Pordenone, Pordenone and later betwe ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
XVI Italian Army Corps (World War I)
The Italian protectorate over Albania was established by the Kingdom of Italy during World War I in an effort to secure a ''de jure'' independent Albania under Italian control. It existed from 23 June 1917 until the summer of 1920. History The Kingdom of Italy occupied the port of Vlorë in December 1914, but had to withdraw after the Austrian-Hungarian invasion in late 1915–early 1916, and the fall of Durrës on 27 February 1916. In May 1916, the Italian XVI Corps, some 100,000 men under the command of General Settimio Piacentini, returned and occupied part of southern Albania by the autumn 1916, while the French army occupied Korçë and its surrounding areas on 29 November 1916. The Italian forces (in Gjirokastër) and French forces (in Korçë), according mainly to the development of the Balkans theatre, entered the area of former Autonomous Republic of Northern Epirus (controlled by the Greek minority) in autumn 1916, after approval of the Triple Entente. The establi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Statuto Albertino
The Statuto Albertino (English language, English: ''Albertine Statute'') was the constitution granted by King Charles Albert of Sardinia to the Kingdom of Sardinia on 4 March 1848 and written in Italian and French. The Statute later became the constitution of the unified Kingdom of Italy and remained in force, with changes, until 1948. Charles Albert did not want to grant a Constitutional Charter so he attempted to maintain as much power as he could although the Statute marked the end of his absolute monarchy. Background The Statute was proclaimed only because of concern at the revolutionary insurrection agitating Italy in 1848. At the time, Charles Albert was only following the example of other Italian rulers, but his Statute was the only constitution to survive the repression that followed the First Italian War of Independence, First War of Independence (1848–49). The Statute remained the basis of the legal system after Italian unification was achieved in 1860 and the King ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Sidney Sonnino
Sidney Costantino, Baron Sonnino (11 March 1847 – 24 November 1922) was an Italian statesman, 19th prime minister of Italy and twice served briefly as one, in 1906 and again from 1909 to 1910. In 1901, he founded a new major newspaper, ''Il Giornale d'Italia''. Opposition and Prime Minister In response to the social reforms presented by Prime Minister Giuseppe Zanardelli in November 1902,Proposed Reforms In Italy; Government Formulates Its Social Programme The New York Times, November 15, 1902 Sonnino introduced a reform bill to alleviate poverty in southern Italy that provided for a reduction of the land tax in Sicily, Calabria and Sardinia; the facilitation of agricultural credit; the re-establishment of the system of perpetual lease for smallholdings ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Fiume
Rijeka ( , , ; also known as Fiume hu, Fiume, it, Fiume ; local Chakavian: ''Reka''; german: Sankt Veit am Flaum; sl, Reka) is the principal seaport and the third-largest city in Croatia (after Zagreb and Split). It is located in Primorje-Gorski Kotar County on Kvarner Bay, an inlet of the Adriatic Sea and in 2021 had a population of 108,622 inhabitants. Historically, because of its strategic position and its excellent deep-water port, the city was fiercely contested, especially between the Holy Roman Empire, Italy and Croatia, changing rulers and demographics many times over centuries. According to the 2011 census data, the majority of its citizens are Croats, along with small numbers of Serbs, Bosniaks and Italians. Rijeka is the main city and county seat of the Primorje-Gorski Kotar County. The city's economy largely depends on shipbuilding (shipyards "3. Maj" and "Viktor Lenac Shipyard") and maritime transport. Rijeka hosts the Croatian National Theatre Ivan pl. ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Emilio Lussu
Emilio Lussu (4 December 1890 – 5 March 1975) was an Italian soldier, politician, anti-fascist and writer. Biography The soldier Lussu was born in Armungia, province of Cagliari (Sardinia) and graduated with a degree in law in 1914. Lussu married Joyce Salvadori, a notable poet, and member of the noble Paleotti family of the Marche, who were counts of Fermo. Prior to the entry of Italy into World War I, Lussu joined the army and was involved in several skirmishes. As a complementary officer of the ''Sassari'' Infantry Brigade in 1916 he was stationed on the Asiago Plateau. The brigade had arrived on the plateau in May 1916 to help in the Italian effort to stop the Austrian Spring offensive. In the month of June 1916 the brigade conquered Monte Fior, Monte Castelgomberto, Monte Spil, Monte Miela and Monte Zebio. After the war Lussu wrote the book ''A Year on the High Plateau'' (''Un anno sull'altipiano'') about his experiences of trench warfare on the Plateau. The 197 ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
One Year On The High Plateau
''One Year on the High Plateau'' (original title: ''Un anno sull'Altipiano'') is a historical novel by Emilio Lussu: set on the Asiago plateau, it is one of the major works of Italian literature on the First World War. The novel was written between 1936 and 1937 and tells, for the first time in Italian literature, the irrationality and senselessness of war, hierarchy and exasperated military discipline in use at the time. For a long time considered a faithful chronicle of the events dating back to the period spent by Lussu as an officer of the Sassari Brigade, it has subsequently been the subject of a substantial historiographic criticism, which has strongly reduced the value of the chronicle of real events, leading it to the role of historical novel. Origins Before the outbreak of the Great War, Emilio Lussu was a university student and was an active interventionist in the period preceding the declaration of hostilities. He enlisted as a volunteer together with Giuseppe Tommasi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
