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Georgios Psyllas
Georgios Psyllas ( el, Γεώργιος Ψύλλας; 1794–1878) was a Greek scholar and politician, and editor during the Greek War of Independence of the newspaper '' Efimeris ton Athinon''.N. K. Louros, (1974), Γεωργίου Ψύλλα Απομνημονεύματα του βίου μου, Athens Academy ΚΕΙΝΕ, Μνημεία της Ελληνικής Ιστορίας 8, Athens, p. 1-22 First years: studies in Europe Georgios Psyllas was born in Athens in 1794. After completing his basic education in his birthplace, he continued his studies in Europe, as a scholar of Philomousos Eteria of Athens. At first he went to Trieste and then in Pisa (October 1816), where he met Panagiotis Kordikas and the Metropolitan Ignatius of Hungarovlachia. From that time the Philomousos Eteria of Vienna took on his cost of staying abroad. In early October 1817, at the urging of the Countess Elding, wife of the Duke of Weimar and spokesperson of the Philomousos Eteria of Vienna, he went ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Greek War Of Independence
The Greek War of Independence, also known as the Greek Revolution or the Greek Revolution of 1821, was a successful war of independence by Greek revolutionaries against the Ottoman Empire between 1821 and 1829. The Greeks were later assisted by the British Empire, Bourbon Restoration in France, Kingdom of France, and the Russian Empire, while the Ottomans were aided by their North African vassals, particularly the eyalet of Egypt Eyalet, Egypt. The war led to the formation of modern Greece. The revolution is Celebration of the Greek Revolution, celebrated by Greeks around the world as Greek Independence Day, independence day on 25 March. Greece, with the exception of the Ionian Islands, came under Ottoman rule in the 15th century, in the decades before and after the fall of Constantinople. During the following centuries, there were sporadic but unsuccessful Ottoman Greece#Uprisings before 1821, Greek uprisings against Ottoman rule. In 1814, a secret organization called Filiki Et ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Panellinion
The ''Panellinion'' ( el, Πανελλήνιον) was the name given to the advisory body created on 23 April 1828 by Ioannis Kapodistrias, replacing the Legislative Body, as one of the terms he set to assume the governorship of the new country. The ''Panellinion'' was later replaced by the Senate during the Fourth National Assembly at Argos in July 1829. The body was named after the ''Panhellenion'', a league of Greek city-states established by Emperor Hadrian. The ''Panellinion'' had 27 members, split into three departments. Before publishing Kapodistrias' decision regarding the 1829 elections, the Governor added 9 new members to overcome the obstructions he faced by the ''Panellinion''. With the majority now on his side, he had support for his actions. Notable members Among the members of the ''Panellinion'' were: *Georgios Kountouriotis, minister of finance *Ioannis Kolettis *Petrobey Mavromichalis * Nikolaos Spiliadis (αναφέρεται διάταγμα της 23 Ιαν ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
1878 Deaths
Events January–March * January 5 – Russo-Turkish War – Battle of Shipka Pass IV: Russian and Bulgarian forces defeat the Ottoman Empire. * January 9 – Umberto I becomes King of Italy. * January 17 – Battle of Philippopolis: Russian troops defeat the Turks. * January 23 – Benjamin Disraeli orders the British fleet to the Dardanelles. * January 24 – Russian revolutionary Vera Zasulich shoots at Fyodor Trepov, Governor of Saint Petersburg. * January 28 – ''The Yale News'' becomes the first daily college newspaper in the United States. * January 31 – Turkey agrees to an armistice at Adrianople. * February 2 – Greece declares war on the Ottoman Empire. * February 7 – Pope Pius IX dies, after a 31½ year reign (the longest definitely confirmed). * February 8 – The British fleet enters Turkish waters, and anchors off Istanbul; Russia threatens to occupy Istanbul, but does not carry out the threat. * Feb ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
1794 Births
Events January–March * January 1 – The Stibo Group is founded by Niels Lund as a printing company in Aarhus (Denmark). * January 13 – The U.S. Congress enacts a law providing for, effective May 1, 1795, a United States flag of 15 stars and 15 stripes, in recognition of the recent admission of Vermont and Kentucky as the 14th and 15th states. A subsequent act restores the number of stripes to 13, but provides for additional stars upon the admission of each additional state. * January 21 – King George III of Great Britain delivers the speech opening Parliament and recommends a continuation of Britain's war with France. * February 4 – French Revolution: The National Convention of the French First Republic abolishes slavery. * February 8 – Wreck of the Ten Sail on Grand Cayman. * February 11 – The first session of the United States Senate is open to the public. * March 4 – The Eleventh Amendment to the United States Constituti ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Greek Constitution Of 1864
The Second National Assembly of the Hellenes took place in Athens (1863–1864) and dealt both with the election of a new sovereign as well as with the drafting of a new Constitution, thereby implementing the transition from constitutional monarchy to a crowned republic. Following the refusal of Prince Alfred of Great Britain (who was elected by an overwhelming majority in the first referendum of the country in November 1862) to accept the crown of the Kingdom of Greece, the government offered the crown to the Danish prince George Christian Willem of the House of Schleswig-Holstein-Sonderburg-Glücksburg, who was crowned constitutional King of Greece under the name "George I, King of the Hellenes". The Constitution of 1864 was drafted following the models of the Constitutions of Belgium of 1831 and of Denmark of 1849, and established in clear terms the principle of popular sovereignty, since the only legislative body with reversionary powers was now the Parliament. Furthermore, a ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Order Of The Redeemer
The Order of the Redeemer ( el, Τάγμα του Σωτήρος, translit=Tágma tou Sotíros), also known as the Order of the Saviour, is an order of merit of Greece. The Order of the Redeemer is the oldest and highest decoration awarded by the modern Greek state. Establishment The establishment of the Order of the Redeemer was decided by the Fourth National Assembly at Argos in 1829, during the final year of the Greek War of Independence. The decision was not immediately implemented, however, and the relevant decree was signed in Nafplio by the Regency Council (Josef Ludwig von Armansperg, Karl von Abel and Georg Ludwig von Maurer) in the name of King Otto on May 20, 1833.Government Gazette 19, issue A, dated 20 Jan. 1833 According to the decree of establishment, the name of the Order "shall recall the, by divine assistance miraculously and fortuitously accomplished, salvation of Greece". Grades and award criteria Since its establishment in 1833, and in common with all Gre ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Crimean War
The Crimean War, , was fought from October 1853 to February 1856 between Russia and an ultimately victorious alliance of the Ottoman Empire, France, the United Kingdom and Piedmont-Sardinia. Geopolitical causes of the war included the decline of the Ottoman Empire, the expansion of the Russian Empire in the preceding Russo-Turkish Wars, and the British and French preference to preserve the Ottoman Empire to maintain the balance of power in the Concert of Europe. The flashpoint was a disagreement over the rights of Christian minorities in Palestine, then part of the Ottoman Empire, with the French promoting the rights of Roman Catholics, and Russia promoting those of the Eastern Orthodox Church. The churches worked out their differences with the Ottomans and came to an agreement, but both the French Emperor Napoleon III and the Russian Tsar Nicholas I refused to back down. Nicholas issued an ultimatum that demanded the Orthodox subjects of the Ottoman Empire be placed ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Alexandros Mavrokordatos
Alexandros Mavrokordatos ( el, Αλέξανδρος Μαυροκορδάτος; 11 February 179118 August 1865) was a Greece, Greek statesman, diplomat, politician and member of the Mavrocordatos family of Phanariotes. Biography In 1812, Mavrokordatos went to the court of his uncle John George Caradja, List of rulers of Wallachia, Hospodar of Wallachia, with whom he passed into exile in the Austrian Empire (1818), where he studied at the University of Padua. He was a member of the Filiki Eteria and was among the Phanariot Greeks who hastened to Morea on the outbreak of the Greek War of Independence, War of Independence in 1821. At the time of the beginning of the revolution, Mavrokordatos was living in Pisa with the poet Percy Bysshe Shelley and his wife Mary Shelley, and upon hearing of the revolution, Mavrokordatos headed to Marseilles to buy arms and a ship to take him back to Greece. Mavrokordatos was a very wealthy, well educated man, fluent in seven languages, whose experien ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Greek Senate
The Greek Senate ( el, Γερουσία, ''Gerousia'') was the upper chamber of the parliament in Greece, extant several times in the country's history. Local senates during the War of Independence During the early stages of the Greek War of Independence, prior to the establishment of a centralized administration, a number of regional councils were established, most of which were termed "senate", but which were unicameral bodies: the Senate of Western Continental Greece, the Areopagus of Eastern Continental Greece (sometimes referred to as "senate"), and the Peloponnesian Senate. 1829–1833 A unicameral body with purely advisory functions, the Senate was established in 1829 by the Fourth National Assembly at Argos in replacement of the ''Panellinion'', established the previous year. It had 27 members, 21 of whom were chosen by the Governor (Ioannis Kapodistrias) from 63 candidates nominated by the Assembly, and further six who were appointed directly by the Governor. Georgio ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Von Armansperg
Josef Ludwig, Graf von Armansperg ( el, Κόμης Ιωσήφ Λουδοβίκος Άρμανσπεργκ; 28 February 1787 – 3 April 1853) served as the Interior and Finance Minister (1826–1828) and Foreign and Finance Minister (1828–1831) under King Ludwig I of Bavaria in the government of Bavaria. He was a liberal monarchist and an economic conservative who promoted the unification of Germany with his attempts at a tariff union. Later he served as Regent of Greece for the underage Bavarian-born king and as his Prime Minister. Early life Von Armansperg was born in Kötzting, Lower Bavaria, nowadays part of Upper Palatinate, in 1787. His father was Count Joseph Felix von Armansperg (1756−1820) and his mother was the Baroness Ludovica Verger von Moosdorf. His grandparents were Count Franz Xaver Ignaz Joseph von Armansperg , imperial Chamberlain and Maria Anna Elisabeth von Sainte-Marie Eglisine. In the Napoleonic Wars, in 1813–1814, he was Commissioner of Bavaria in the ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Theodoros Kolokotronis
Theodoros Kolokotronis ( el, Θεόδωρος Κολοκοτρώνης; 3 April 1770 – 4 February 1843) was a Greek general and the pre-eminent leader of the Greek War of Independence (1821–1829) against the Ottoman Empire. Kolokotronis's greatest success was the defeat of the Ottoman army under Mahmud Dramali Pasha at the Battle of Dervenakia in 1822. In 1825, he was appointed commander-in-chief of the Greek forces in Peloponnese. Today, Kolokotronis ranks among the most prominent figures in Greece's War of Independence. Early life Theodoros Kolokotronis was born at Ramavouni (), a mountain in Messenia, and was baptised in the village of Piana. He descended from a family of klefts, and grew up in the village of Libovitsi, Arcadia, in the central Peloponnese, where his family originated.. The Kolokotroneoi were a powerful and respected clan in Arcadia in the 18th century. Their legendary pride and insubordination is commemorated in a well-known folk song of that time: "On ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Regency Council Of Otto Of Greece
A regency council ( el, Αντιβασιλεία, german: Regentschaft) ruled the Kingdom of Greece in 1833–1835, during the minority of King Otto. The council was appointed by Otto's father, King Ludwig I of Bavaria, and comprised three men: Josef Ludwig von Armansperg, Georg Ludwig von Maurer, and Carl Wilhelm von Heideck. The first period of the regency saw major reforms in administration, including the establishment of an autocephalous Church of Greece. The regency's authoritarianism and distrust of the Greek political parties, especially the Russian Party, which was associated with the period of Governor Ioannis Kapodistrias and was particularly opposed to the Church reforms, led to a quick eroding of its popularity. Armansperg was the council's chairman, but increasingly clashed with the other two regents, who in turn aligned with the French Party under Ioannis Kolettis. The main domestic event of the early period was the arrest and sham trial of Theodoros Kolokotronis, a her ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
