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GSM Cell ID
A GSM Cell ID (CID) is a generally unique number used to identify each Base station subsystem, base transceiver station (BTS) or sector of a BTS within a Location area, location area code (LAC) if not within a GSM network. In some cases the first or last digit of CID represents cells' Sector ID: * value 0 is used for omnidirectional antenna, * values 1, 2, 3 are used to identify sectors of trisector or bisector antennas. In UMTS, there is a distinction between Cell ID (CID) and UTRAN Cell ID (also called LCID). The UTRAN Cell ID (LCID) is a concatenation of the RNC-ID (12 bits, ID of the Radio Network Controller) and Cell ID (16 bits, unique ID of the Cell). CID is just the Cell ID. The concatenation of both will still be unique but can be confusing in some cellid databases as some store the CID and other store LCID. It makes sense to record them separately as the RNC ID is the same for many cells, the unique element is the CID. A valid CID ranges from 0 to 65535 (216 − 1) on G ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
OpenCellID Database Growth
OpenCellID is a virtual community, collaborative community project that collects GPS positions of cell towers and their corresponding location area identity. More than 49,000 contributors are registered with OpenCellID, contributing more than 1 million new measurements every day on average to the OpenCellID database. As of August 21, 2017 the database contained 35.5 million unique cells and 2.1 billion unique measurements. OpenCellID publishes an aggregate data set of cell locations licensed under a Creative Commons license, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License with the intention of promoting free use and redistribution of the data. Applications Data on GSM_Cell_ID, Cell IDs and their locations can be used to provide location information to mobile devices. Using Cell ID locations to find device location is more power efficient and often faster than using Satellite navigation, satellite-based navigation systems, although it is less precise because ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
OpenCellID
OpenCellID is a collaborative community project that collects GPS positions of cell towers and their corresponding location area identity. More than 49,000 contributors are registered with OpenCellID, contributing more than 1 million new measurements every day on average to the OpenCellID database. As of August 21, 2017 the database contained 35.5 million unique cells and 2.1 billion unique measurements. OpenCellID publishes an aggregate data set of cell locations licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License with the intention of promoting free use and redistribution of the data. Applications Data on Cell IDs and their locations can be used to provide location information to mobile devices. Using Cell ID locations to find device location is more power efficient and often faster than using satellite-based navigation systems, although it is less precise because of the lack of known Cell IDs. The database is also used to determine the st ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Base Station Subsystem
The base station subsystem (BSS) is the section of a traditional cellular telephone network which is responsible for handling traffic and signaling between a mobile phone and the network switching subsystem. The BSS carries out transcoding of speech channels, allocation of radio channels to mobile phones, paging, transmission and reception over the air interface and many other tasks related to the radio network. Base transceiver station The base transceiver station, or BTS, contains the equipment for transmitting and receiving radio signals (transceivers), antennas, and equipment for encrypting and decrypting communications with the base station controller (BSC). Typically a BTS for anything other than a picocell will have several transceivers (TRXs) which allow it to serve several different frequencies and different sectors of the cell (in the case of sectorised base stations). A BTS is controlled by a parent BSC via the "base station control function" (BCF). The BCF is imp ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
E-CellID
Enhanced Cell ID, E-CellID, or E-CID is a positioning feature introduced in rel9 E-UTRA ( LTE radio). The UE reports to the network ( ESMLC) the serving cell ID, the timing advance (difference between its transmit and receive time) and the IDs, estimated timing and power of the detected neighbor cells. The enodeB may report extra information to the ESMLC like the angle of arrival. The ESMLC estimates the UE position based on this information and its knowledge of the cells positions. Cell ID based methods were already possible before rel9. Enhanced cell ID aggregates together some already available measurements, some of them with increased accuracy requirements to improve the positioning accuracy capabilities. Technology Similarly to an OTDOA procedure, a E-CID procedure is initiated through the LPP protocol by the ESMLC, with a ''ECID-RequestLocationInformation'' request message. The UE performs and collects the necessary measurements, and reports them back using the ''ECID-Prov ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Field Test Mode
Field test mode (FTM) or field test display (FTD) is a software application often pre-installed on mobile phones that provides the user with technical details, statistics relating to the mobile phone network and allows the user to run hardware tests on the phone. On older Nokia phones this mode is known as Netmonitor while newer Series 60 phones have a Field test application which requires a hacked phone to be installed. Many other brands of phones have similar functionality available, often accessed by entering a code into the phone. For GSM phones it may provide such details as * TDMA timing advance *Cell ID *Transmit power and received signal strength indication (RSSI) *Neighbouring cell info and PLMN codes * Location area code * TMSI number *Timeslot Broadcast programming is the practice of organizing or ordering (scheduling) of broadcast media shows, typically radio and television, in a daily, weekly, monthly, quarterly or season-long schedule. Modern broadcasters use broa ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Base Transceiver Station
A base transceiver station (BTS) is a piece of equipment that facilitates wireless communication between user equipment (UE) and a network. UEs are devices like mobile phones (handsets), WLL phones, computers with wireless Internet connectivity, or antennas mounted on buildings or telecommunication towers. The network can be that of any of the wireless communication technologies like GSM, CDMA, wireless local loop, Wi-Fi, WiMAX or other wide area network (WAN) technology. BTS is also referred to as the ''node B'' (in 3G networks) or, simply, the '' base station'' (BS). For discussion of the LTE standard the abbreviation '' eNB'' for evolved node B is widely used, and GNodeB for 5G. Though the term BTS can be applicable to any of the wireless communication standards, it is generally associated with mobile communication technologies like GSM and CDMA. In this regard, a BTS forms part of the base station subsystem (BSS) developments for system management. It may also have equi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
WiGLE
WiGLE (or Wireless Geographic Logging Engine) is a website for collecting information about the different wireless hotspots around the world. Users can register on the website and upload hotspot data like GPS coordinates, SSID, MAC address and the encryption type used on the hotspots discovered. In addition, cell tower data is uploaded and displayed. By obtaining information about the encryption of the different hotspots, WiGLE tries to create an awareness of the need for security by running a wireless network. The first recorded hotspot on WiGLE was uploaded in September 2001. By June 2017, WiGLE counted over 349 million recorded WiFi networks in its database, whereof 345 million was recorded with GPS coordinates and over 4.8 billion unique recorded observations. In addition, the database now contains 7.80 million unique cell towers including 7.75 million with GPS coordinates. By May 2019, WiGLE had a total of 551 million networks recorded. Mentions in books From Hacking for Du ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
CC-BY-SA 3
A Creative Commons (CC) license is one of several public copyright licenses that enable the free distribution of an otherwise copyrighted "work".A "work" is any creative material made by a person. A painting, a graphic, a book, a song/lyrics to a song, or a photograph of almost anything are all examples of "works". A CC license is used when an author wants to give other people the right to share, use, and build upon a work that the author has created. CC provides an author flexibility (for example, they might choose to allow only non-commercial uses of a given work) and protects the people who use or redistribute an author's work from concerns of copyright infringement as long as they abide by the conditions that are specified in the license by which the author distributes the work. There are several types of Creative Commons licenses. Each license differs by several combinations that condition the terms of distribution. They were initially released on December 16, 2002, by ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
OpenSignal
Opensignal is an independent analytics company specialising in "quantifying the mobile-network experience". In August 2014, Opensignal raised a $4 million Series A investment from Qualcomm Ventures, OATV and Passion Capital. Products and services The OpenSignal application points the user in the direction of better phone signal, measures signal strength, data speed and reliability, and displays nearby Wi-Fi networks. Users of the app share information with Opensignal, which is used in their independent maps of carrier coverage and NetworkRank service. As of July 2021 the app has been downloaded over 10 million times. Opensignal NetworkRank is an in-app service comparing the performance of different cellular carriers in particular regions. The service is a part of their carrier maps, which are colour-coded to show areas of strong and weak cell phone signal. The information used is provided by users of the Opensignal application. The company produce regular industry and consum ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Navizon
Navizon, Inc. is a provider of location-based services and products. Navizon was an early developer of technology that makes it possible to determine the geographic position of a mobile device using as reference the location of cell phone towers and Wi-Fi-based wireless access points instead of GPS. Navizon also developed technology for locating mobile devices indoors with room and floor-level accuracy. Navizon, initially known as Mexens Technology, was founded by a team from the Internet Protocol geolocation market. Its founder and CEO, Cyril Houri, was founder and CEO of Infosplit, a provider of IP address geolocation services started in 1999 that was acquired in 2004. Global Positioning In 2005, Mexens Technology, as Navizon, Inc. was formerly named, introduced Navizon, a hybrid positioning system combining GPS, Wi-Fi and cellular positioning. Mobile device users obtain their position through the Navizon app, which calculates the locations of cell sites and Wi-Fi access poin ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Location Area
Mobility management is one of the major functions of a GSM or a UMTS network that allows mobile phones to work. The aim of mobility management is to track where the subscribers are, allowing calls, SMS and other mobile phone services to be delivered to them. Location update procedure A GSM or UMTS network, like all cellular networks, is basically a radio network of individual cells, known as base stations. Each base station covers a small geographical area which is part of a uniquely identified location area. By integrating the coverage of each of these base stations, a cellular network provides a radio coverage over a much wider area. For GSM, a base station is called a base transceiver station (BTS), and for UMTS it is called a Node B. A group of base stations is named a location area, or a routing area. The location update procedure allows a mobile device to inform the cellular network whenever it moves from one location area to the next. Mobiles are responsible for detectin ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
