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E-CellID
Enhanced Cell ID, E-CellID, or E-CID is a Positioning (telecommunications), positioning feature introduced in rel9 E-UTRA (LTE (telecommunication), LTE radio). The UE reports to the network (SMLC, ESMLC) the serving cell ID, the timing advance (difference between its transmit and receive time) and the IDs, estimated timing and power of the detected neighbor cells. The enodeB may report extra information to the ESMLC like the angle of arrival. The ESMLC estimates the UE position based on this information and its knowledge of the cells positions. Cell ID based methods were already possible before rel9. Enhanced cell ID aggregates together some already available measurements, some of them with increased accuracy requirements to improve the positioning accuracy capabilities. Technology Similarly to an OTDOA procedure, a E-CID procedure is initiated through the LPP protocol by the ESMLC, with a ''ECID-RequestLocationInformation'' request message. The UE performs and collects the neces ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Positioning (telecommunications)
Mobile phone tracking is a process for identifying the location of a mobile phone, whether stationary or moving. Localization may be affected by a number of technologies, such as the multilateration of radio signals between (several) cell towers of the cellular network, network and the phone or by simply using GNSS. To locate a mobile phone using multilateration of mobile radio signals, the phone must emit at least the idle signal to contact nearby antenna towers and does not require an active call. The GSM, Global System for Mobile Communications (GSM) is based on the phone's signal strength to nearby antenna masts. Mobile positioning data, Mobile positioning may be used for location-based services that disclose the actual coordinates of a mobile phone. Telecommunication companies use this to approximate the location of a mobile phone, and thereby also its user. [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Cell ID
A GSM Cell ID (CID) is a generally unique number used to identify each base transceiver station (BTS) or sector of a BTS within a location area code (LAC) if not within a GSM network. In some cases the first or last digit of CID represents cells' Sector ID: * value 0 is used for omnidirectional antenna, * values 1, 2, and 3 are used to identify sectors of bisector or trisector antennas. In UMTS, there is a distinction between Cell ID (CID) and UTRAN Cell ID (also called LCID). The UTRAN Cell ID (LCID) is a concatenation of the RNC-ID (12 bits, ID of the Radio Network Controller) and Cell ID (16 bits, unique ID of the Cell). CID is just the Cell ID. The concatenation of both will still be unique but can be confusing in some cellid databases as some store the CID and other store LCID. It makes sense to record them separately as the RNC ID is the same for many cells, the unique element is the CID. A valid CID ranges from 0 to 65535 (216 − 1) on GSM and CDMA networks and from 0 ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
E-UTRA
E-UTRA is the air interface of 3rd Generation Partnership Project (3GPP) Long Term Evolution (LTE) upgrade path for mobile networks. It is an acronym for Evolved UMTS Terrestrial Radio Access, also known as the Evolved Universal Terrestrial Radio Access in early drafts of the 3GPP LTE specification. E-UTRAN is the combination of E-UTRA, user equipment (UE), and a Node B (E-UTRAN Node B or Evolved Node B, eNodeB). It is a radio access network (RAN) meant to be a replacement of the Universal Mobile Telecommunications System (UMTS), High-Speed Downlink Packet Access (HSDPA), and High-Speed Uplink Packet Access (HSUPA) technologies specified in 3GPP releases 5 and beyond. Unlike HSPA, LTE's E-UTRA is an entirely new air interface system, unrelated to and incompatible with W-CDMA. It provides higher data rates, lower latency and is optimized for packet data. It uses orthogonal frequency-division multiple access (OFDMA) radio-access for the downlink and single-carrier frequency-divis ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
LTE (telecommunication)
In telecommunications, long-term evolution (LTE) is a standard for wireless broadband communication for cellular mobile devices and data terminals. It is considered to be a "transitional" 4G technology, and is therefore also referred to as 3.95G as a step above 3G. LTE is based on the 2G GSM/ EDGE and 3G UMTS/ HSPA standards. It improves on those standards' capacity and speed by using a different radio interface and core network improvements. LTE is the upgrade path for carriers with both GSM/UMTS networks and CDMA2000 networks. LTE has been succeeded by LTE Advanced, which is officially defined as a "true" 4G technology and also named "LTE+". Terminology The standard is developed by the 3GPP (3rd Generation Partnership Project) and is specified in its Release 8 document series, with minor enhancements described in Release 9. LTE is also called 3.95G and has been marketed as 4G LTE and Advanced 4G; but the original version did not meet the technical criteria of a 4G wire ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
SMLC
Serving Mobile Location Center In GSM The Global System for Mobile Communications (GSM) is a family of standards to describe the protocols for second-generation (2G) digital cellular networks, as used by mobile devices such as mobile phones and Mobile broadband modem, mobile broadba ... Networks, the SMLC is a network element that resides in the BSC (Base Station Controller) and calculates network-based location of mobile stations (handsets). The SMLC may control several LMUs (Location Measurement Units), which measure radio signals to help find mobile stations in the area served by the SMLC. It can calculate location using the TA (Timing Advance) method. The SMLC communicates with the GMLC, which is the interface to external LCS clients.GSM, GPRS and EDGE Performance - Second Edition p. 134 Notes GSM standard {{Compu-network-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
OTDOA
OTDOA (Observed Time Difference Of Arrival) is a positioning feature introduced in rel9 E-UTRA (LTE radio). It's a multilateration method in which the User Equipment (UE) measures the time difference between some specific signals from several eNodeBs and reports these time differences to a specific device in the network (the ESMLC). The ESMLC based on these time differences and knowledge of the enodeBs locations calculates the UEs' position. Background In December 2008, due to regulatory requirements like the E911, which require that it should be possible to locate UEs with a certain accuracy, a work item was proposed in the 3GPP TSG-RAN42 meeting. This proposed between others the study of the feasibility of OTDOA. OTDOA was meant to work in a similar way as the 3G IPL feature. During the summer of 2009 the necessary changes to the RAN1 36.211, 36.212, 36.213 and 36.214 specifications were accepted. And a bit later the RAN4 requirements and RAN2 protocol related matters settle ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Signal-to-noise Ratio
Signal-to-noise ratio (SNR or S/N) is a measure used in science and engineering that compares the level of a desired signal to the level of background noise. SNR is defined as the ratio of signal power to noise power, often expressed in decibels. A ratio higher than 1:1 (greater than 0 dB) indicates more signal than noise. SNR is an important parameter that affects the performance and quality of systems that process or transmit signals, such as communication systems, audio systems, radar systems, imaging systems, and data acquisition systems. A high SNR means that the signal is clear and easy to detect or interpret, while a low SNR means that the signal is corrupted or obscured by noise and may be difficult to distinguish or recover. SNR can be improved by various methods, such as increasing the signal strength, reducing the noise level, filtering out unwanted noise, or using error correction techniques. SNR also determines the maximum possible amount of data that ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
