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Gymnogrammitis
''Gymnogrammitis'' is a genus of ferns in the subfamily Drynarioideae of the family Polypodiaceae according to the Pteridophyte Phylogeny Group classification of 2016 (PPG I), with a single species ''Gymnogrammitis dareiformis''. Taxonomy The genus ''Gymnogrammitis'' was first erected by William Griffith in 1849. The only accepted species is ''Gymnogrammitis dareiformis'', transferred from ''Polypodium dareiforme''. In the Pteridophyte Phylogeny Group classification of 2016 (PPG I), the genus is placed in the family Polypodiaceae, subfamily Drynarioideae. Other sources place ''Gymnogrammitis dareiformis'' in a more broadly circumscribed In geometry, the circumscribed circle or circumcircle of a polygon is a circle that passes through all the vertices of the polygon. The center of this circle is called the circumcenter and its radius is called the circumradius. Not every polyg ... genus '' Selliguea'' as ''Selliguea dareiformis''. References Polypodiaceae Mo ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Drynarioideae
Drynarioideae is a subfamily of the fern family Polypodiaceae in the Pteridophyte Phylogeny Group classification of 2016 (PPG I). The subfamily is also treated as the tribe Drynarieae within a very broadly defined family Polypodiaceae ''sensu lato''. In either case, it includes the previously separated tribe Selligueeae. Drynarioideae combines the drynarioid and selligueoid ferns, which have been considered to be tribes (Drynarieae and Selligueeae) when the family Polypodiaceae was very broadly circumscribed. The genus count of neither of original tribes was certain, but the combined total could be at least nine.Christenhusz ''et al.'': A linear sequence of extant families and genera of lycophytes and ferns ''Phytotaxa'' 19: 7-54. (18 Feb. 20 ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Polypodiaceae
Polypodiaceae is a family of ferns. In the Pteridophyte Phylogeny Group classification of 2016 (PPG I), the family includes around 65 genera and an estimated 1,650 species and is placed in the order Polypodiales, suborder Polypodiineae. A broader circumscription has also been used, in which the family includes other families kept separate in PPG I. Nearly all species are epiphytes, but some are terrestrial. Description Stems of Polypodiaceae range from erect to long-creeping. The fronds are entire, pinnatifid, or variously forked or pinnate. The petioles lack stipules. The scaly rhizomes are generally creeping in nature. Polypodiaceae species are found in wet climates, most commonly in rain forests. In temperate zones, most species tend to be epiphytic or epipetric. Notable examples of ferns in this family include the resurrection fern (''Pleopeltis polypodioides'') and the golden serpent fern (''Phlebodium aureum''). Taxonomy Two distinct circumscriptions of the family are in ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Genus
Genus ( plural genera ) is a taxonomic rank used in the biological classification of extant taxon, living and fossil organisms as well as Virus classification#ICTV classification, viruses. In the hierarchy of biological classification, genus comes above species and below family (taxonomy), family. In binomial nomenclature, the genus name forms the first part of the binomial species name for each species within the genus. :E.g. ''Panthera leo'' (lion) and ''Panthera onca'' (jaguar) are two species within the genus ''Panthera''. ''Panthera'' is a genus within the family Felidae. The composition of a genus is determined by taxonomy (biology), taxonomists. The standards for genus classification are not strictly codified, so different authorities often produce different classifications for genera. There are some general practices used, however, including the idea that a newly defined genus should fulfill these three criteria to be descriptively useful: # monophyly – all descendants ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Fern
A fern (Polypodiopsida or Polypodiophyta ) is a member of a group of vascular plants (plants with xylem and phloem) that reproduce via spores and have neither seeds nor flowers. The polypodiophytes include all living pteridophytes except the lycopods, and differ from mosses and other bryophytes by being vascular, i.e., having specialized tissues that conduct water and nutrients and in having life cycles in which the branched sporophyte is the dominant phase. Ferns have complex leaves called megaphylls, that are more complex than the microphylls of clubmosses. Most ferns are leptosporangiate ferns. They produce coiled fiddleheads that uncoil and expand into fronds. The group includes about 10,560 known extant species. Ferns are defined here in the broad sense, being all of the Polypodiopsida, comprising both the leptosporangiate (Polypodiidae) and eusporangiate ferns, the latter group including horsetails, whisk ferns, marattioid ferns, and ophioglossoid ferns. Ferns first ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Pteridophyte Phylogeny Group
The Pteridophyte Phylogeny Group, or PPG, is an informal international group of systematic botanists who collaborate to establish a consensus on the classification of pteridophytes (lycophytes and ferns) that reflects knowledge about plant relationships discovered through phylogenetic studies. In 2016, the group published a classification for extant pteridophytes, termed "PPG I". The paper had 94 authors (26 principal and 68 additional). PPG I A first classification, PPG I, was produced in 2016, covering only extant (living) pteridophytes. The classification was rank-based, using the ranks of class, subclass, order, suborder, family, subfamily and genus. Phylogeny The classification was based on a consensus phylogeny, shown below to the level of order. The very large order Polypodiales was divided into two suborders, as well as families not placed in a suborder: Classification to subfamily level To the level of subfamily, the PPG I classification is as follows. *Class Lycopodi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
William Griffith (botanist)
William Griffith (4 March 1810 – 9 February 1845) was a British doctor, naturalist, and botanist. Griffith's botanical publications are from India and Burma. After a brief stay in Madras, he was assigned as a Civil Surgeon to Tenasserim, Burma, where he studied local plants and made collecting trips to the Barak River valley in Assam. He explored various parts of Burma, traveling the rivers, including the Irrawadi as far as Rangoon. He visited the highlands of Sikkim, and the region of the Himalayas around Shimla. Subsequently, Griffith was appointed as Civil Surgeon in Malacca, where he died of a parasitic liver disease. Biography William was born at Ham on 4 March 1810, the son of Thomas Griffith. He studied under a private tutor along with brothers and even in his early days, took an interest in botany. He later went to London University where he studied under Robert Brown and John Lindley. He was also influenced by his friend R.H. Solly. He studied briefly at Paris und ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Circumscription (taxonomy)
In biological taxonomy, circumscription is the content of a taxon, that is, the delimitation of which subordinate taxa are parts of that taxon. If we determine that species X, Y, and Z belong in Genus A, and species T, U, V, and W belong in Genus B, those are our circumscriptions of those two genera. Another systematist might determine that T, U, V, W, X, Y, and Z all belong in genus A. Agreement on circumscriptions is not governed by the Codes of Zoological or Botanical Nomenclature, and must be reached by scientific consensus. A goal of biological taxonomy is to achieve a stable circumscription for every taxon. This goal conflicts, at times, with the goal of achieving a natural classification that reflects the evolutionary history of divergence of groups of organisms. Balancing these two goals is a work in progress, and the circumscriptions of many taxa that had been regarded as stable for decades are in upheaval in the light of rapid developments in molecular phylogenetics ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Selliguea
''Selliguea'' is a fern genus in the family Polypodiaceae. The type species is ''Selliguea feei''. Species list Species list taken from Hassler & Swale (2002). These are not necessarily accepted species. * '' Selliguea albicaula'' (Copel.) M.Kato & M.G.Price; Acta Phytotax. Geobot. 41(1-3): 72 (1990) * '' Selliguea albidopaleata'' (Copel.) Parris; Parris, R.S.Beaman & Beaman, Pl. Mt. Kinabalu, 1. Ferns & Fern Allies: 151 (1992) * '' Selliguea albidosquamata'' (Blume) Parris; Parris, R.S.Beaman & Beaman, Pl. Mt. Kinabalu, 1. Ferns & Fern Allies: 152 (1992) * '' Selliguea albopes'' (C. Chr. & Ching) S.G.Lu, Hovenkamp & M.G.Gilbert, Fl. China 2–3: 782 (2013) * '' Selliguea archboldii'' Copel.; Journ. Arnold Arbor. 24: 442 (1943) * '' Selliguea bakeri'' (Luerss.) Hovenkamp; Blumea 43: 90 (1998) * '' Selliguea balbi'' Hovenkamp; Blumea 43: 108 (1998) * '' Selliguea banaensis'' (C. Chr.) comb. ined. * '' Selliguea bellisquamata'' (C. Chr.) Hovenkamp; Blumea 43: 90 (1998) * '' Selligu ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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