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Guido Giannettini
Guido Giannettini (August 22, 1930 – May 12, 2003) was an Italian secret agent. Activism Guido Giannettini was born August 22, 1930, in Taranto. In 1954 he joined the student association Young Italy in Naples. He was active in the OAS support networks, and arrested in 1961 in Madrid along with Pierre Lagaillarde. Giannettini wrote for the newspapers '' Il Roma'' and '' Il Secolo d'Italia'', as well as ''L'Italiano'', headed by Pino Romualdi ( MSI). In 1963-64, he started to write in the '' Rivista Militare'', a journal of the Italian military general staff, and participated in various NATO meetings. Giannettini participated in a colloquium on "revolutionary warfare" on 3–5 May 1965 in Rome (''Parco dei Principi'' hotel), which was organized by the Institute Alberto-Pollio, "quasi-exclusively financed by the SIFAR" Monzat, 1992, p.91 military intelligence agency. Giannettini presented there one of the main reports. According to René Monzat, "this colloquium provided the the ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Young Italy (1954)
The Young Italy ( it, Giovane Italia) was the youth wing of the Italian Social Movement from 1954 to 1971. History At the Rome conference, which sanctioned the foundation of Young Italy as an autonomous national body, albeit linked to the Italian Social Movement and in which over 200 young people representing the provincial associations set up in the various regions participate, Massimo Anderson was elected first Secretary General and Fabio De Felice was elected president. In 1971 Anderson and Pietro Cerullo brought together the "Young Italy" and the "Students and Workers Youth Rally" in a new political entity called Youth Front, with Anderson as secretary and Cerullo as president. Ideology According to Evola, the concept of life provided was "spiritualistic" and contrasted with the "materialist" one of Marxism. National secretaries * Fabio De Felice (1954–1955) * Angelo Nicosia (1955–1957) * Fausto Gianfranceschi (1957–1966) *Massimo Anderson (1966–1969) *Pietro Cer ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Strategy Of Tension
A strategy of tension ( it, strategia della tensione) is a policy wherein violent struggle is encouraged rather than suppressed. The purpose is to create a general feeling of insecurity in the population and make people seek security in a strong government. This is supposed to pave the way for a more authoritarian, or even neofascist, government. The strategy of tension is most closely identified with the Years of Lead in Italy from 1968 to 1982, wherein both far-left Marxist and far-right neo-fascist extra-parliamentary groups, and state intelligence agencies performed bombings, kidnappings, arsons, and murders. Some historians and activists have accused NATO of allowing and sanctioning such terrorism, through projects such as Operation Gladio, although this is disputed by the intelligence agencies involved and other historians. Other cases where writers have alleged a strategy of tension include the deep state in Turkey from the 1970s–1990s ("Ergenekon"), the Zimbabwe Na ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Guido Salvini (judge)
Guido Salvini (born 1954) is an Italian judge, based in Milan. He issued European arrest warrants in 2005 against approximatively 20 CIA agents accused of having taken part in the abduction of Abu Omar, the Egyptian cleric in Milan in 2003. The case is known in Italy as the ''Imam Rapito affair''. Before that, Guido Salvini was in charge of investigations, since July 1988, concerning Italy's strategy of tension during the 1970s. 2000s According to Rome prosecutor, Pietro Salvitti, quoted by ''La Repubblica'', Guido Salvini was one of the targets of a "network" which aimed at slandering various political opponents of Silvio Berlusconi via the Mitrokhin Commission, headed by senator Paolo Guzzanti, by claiming they worked for or were manipulated by the KGB, the former intelligence agency of the Soviet Union, dissolved in 1991. These targets included former Prime minister Romano Prodi, his staff, General Giuseppe Cucchi (current director of the CESIS), Milan prosecutor Armando Spa ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Giorgio Freda
Franco "Giorgio" Freda (born 11 February 1941) is one of the leading neo-Nazi and neo-Fascist intellectuals of the post- war Italian far-right. He founded a publishing house for neo-Nazi thought, and described himself as an admirer of Hitler. He was convicted but later acquitted for lack of evidence for involvement in the Piazza Fontana bombing. He founded the Fronte Nazionale, which was disbanded by the Italian government in 2000 when Freda and forty-eight other members were found guilty of attempting to re-establish the National Fascist Party. Biography Freda was born in Padua, Italy. He began his political career as the leader of the FUAN-Caravella of Padua (the undergraduates association of the Italian Social Movement) when he was a law student. In 1963 he founded the Group of Ar, based on the philosophy of Julius Evola, and managed a far-right library. Later, when the Group of Ar was disbanded, he founded the '' Edizioni di Ar'' (Ar Publishing), a publishing house that b ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Giovanni Pellegrino
Giovanni Pellegrino (born 5 January 1939 in Lecce) is an Italian politician. Born in Lecce and a lawyer by profession, he was a Senator of the Republic from 1990 with the Italian Communist Party and the Democrats of the Left to 2001. He also presided from last 1994 to 1996 and from 27 September 1996 to 29 May 2001 over the Parliamentary Commission on Terrorism concerning the " Years of Lead", created by a 1988 law to investigate about terrorism in Italy till 2001. At end of the commission experience he wrote a book with the writer Giovanni Fasanella, describing a long years "low intensity" civil war in Italy, from 1945 till today.''Fasanella Giovanni, Pellegrino Giovanni'', La guerra civile, Editore : BUR Biblioteca Univ. Rizzoli, 2005. . He was also part of the Elections Council and Parliamentary Immunity (''Giunta elezioni e immunità parlamentari''), as well as a member of the Commission on Institutional Reforms. Pellegrino was the president of the Province of Lecce, in ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Servizio Informazioni Difesa
Servizio per le Informazioni e la Sicurezza Militare (abbreviated SISMI, ''Military Intelligence and Security Service'') was the military intelligence agency of Italy from 1977–2007. With the reform of the Italian Intelligence Services approved on 1 August 2007, SISMI was replaced by Agenzia Informazioni e Sicurezza Esterna (AISE).Legislative Act n.124 of 08/03/2007, reported on the Official Gazette of the Italian Republic, General Series, n.187 of 08/13/2007 History Since the end of World War II, Italian intelligence agencies have been reorganized many times ( SIM 1900-49, SIFAR 1949-65, SID 1965-77) and last SISDE (civil) and SISMI (military) from 1977 to 2007, in an attempt to increase their effectiveness and bring them more fully under civilian control. The agency was established as part of a broader reform of the Italian intelligence community, which represented the latest in a long string of government attempts to effectively manage Italy's intelligence agencies. ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Leopard 1
The Leopard 1 (also styled Leopard I, before the Leopard 2 simply known as Leopard) is a main battle tank designed and produced by Porsche in West Germany that first entered service in 1965. Developed in an era when HEAT warheads were thought to make conventional heavy armour of limited value, the Leopard focused on firepower in the form of the German-built version of the British L7 105-mm gun, and improved cross-country performance that was unmatched by other designs of the era. The design started as a collaborative project during the 1950s between West Germany and France, and later joined by Italy, but the partnership ended shortly after and the final design was ordered by the Bundeswehr, with full-scale production starting in 1965. In total, 6,485 Leopard tanks have been built, of which 4,744 were battle tanks and 1,741 were utility and anti-aircraft variants, not including 80 prototypes and pre-series vehicles. The Leopard quickly became a standard of many European milita ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
West Germany
West Germany is the colloquial term used to indicate the Federal Republic of Germany (FRG; german: Bundesrepublik Deutschland , BRD) between its formation on 23 May 1949 and the German reunification through the accession of East Germany on 3 October 1990. During the Cold War, the western portion of Germany and the associated territory of West Berlin were parts of the Western Bloc. West Germany was formed as a political entity during the Allied occupation of Germany after World War II, established from eleven states formed in the three Allied zones of occupation held by the United States, the United Kingdom, and France. The FRG's provisional capital was the city of Bonn, and the Cold War era country is retrospectively designated as the Bonn Republic. At the onset of the Cold War, Europe was divided between the Western and Eastern blocs. Germany was divided into the two countries. Initially, West Germany claimed an exclusive mandate for all of Germany, representing itself as t ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Pino Rauti
Giuseppe Umberto "Pino" Rauti (19 November 1926 – 2 November 2012) was an Italian fascist and politician who was a leading figure on the radical right for many years, although Rauti was describing himself as a "leftist" and "non-fascist." Involved in active politics since 1948, he was one of founders and, for many years, the leader of the Italian Social Movement (MSI). He was the main representative of the MSI's left-wing. Early years Rauti was born in Cardinale, Calabria. As a youth Rauti volunteered for the Guardia Nazionale Repubblicana of the Italian Social Republic before briefly going into exile with the Spanish Foreign Legion. Rauti returned to Italy in 1946 and joined the Italian Social Movement (MSI) two years later. He became a leading member of the party and also joined the New European Order initiative. He became associated with Julius Evola and, along with Enzo Erra, served as editor of his journal ''Imperium''. Such was Rauti's support for Evola's philosophy t ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Communism
Communism (from Latin la, communis, lit=common, universal, label=none) is a far-left sociopolitical, philosophical, and economic ideology and current within the socialist movement whose goal is the establishment of a communist society, a socioeconomic order centered around common ownership of the means of production, distribution, and exchange which allocates products to everyone in the society.: "One widespread distinction was that socialism socialised production only while communism socialised production and consumption." Communist society also involves the absence of private property, social classes, money, and the state. Communists often seek a voluntary state of self-governance, but disagree on the means to this end. This reflects a distinction between a more libertarian approach of communization, revolutionary spontaneity, and workers' self-management, and a more vanguardist or communist party-driven approach through the development of a constitutional socialist st ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Anarchism
Anarchism is a political philosophy and movement that is skeptical of all justifications for authority and seeks to abolish the institutions it claims maintain unnecessary coercion and hierarchy, typically including, though not necessarily limited to, governments, nation states, and capitalism. Anarchism advocates for the replacement of the state with stateless societies or other forms of free associations. As a historically left-wing movement, usually placed on the farthest left of the political spectrum, it is usually described alongside communalism and libertarian Marxism as the libertarian wing (libertarian socialism) of the socialist movement. Humans lived in societies without formal hierarchies long before the establishment of formal states, realms, or empires. With the rise of organised hierarchical bodies, scepticism toward authority also rose. Although traces of anarchist thought are found throughout history, modern anarchism emerged from the Enlightenment. ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Greek Junta
The Greek junta or Regime of the Colonels, . Also known within Greece as just the Junta ( el, η Χούντα, i Choúnta, links=no, ), the Dictatorship ( el, η Δικτατορία, i Diktatoría, links=no, ) or the Seven Years ( el, η Επταετία, i Eptaetía, links=no, ). was a right-wing military dictatorship that ruled Greece from 1967 to 1974. On 21 April 1967, a group of colonels overthrew the caretaker government a month before scheduled elections which Georgios Papandreou's Centre Union was favoured to win. The dictatorship was characterised by right-wing cultural policies, anti-communism, restrictions on civil liberties, and the imprisonment, torture, and exile of political opponents. It was ruled by Georgios Papadopoulos from 1967 to 1973, but an attempt to renew its support in a 1973 referendum on the monarchy and gradual democratisation was ended by another coup by the hardliner Dimitrios Ioannidis, who ruled it until it fell on 24 July 1974 unde ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
