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Gugler
The Guglers (also Güglers) were a body of mostly English and French knights who as mercenaries invaded Alsace and the Swiss plateau under the leadership of Enguerrand VII de Coucy during the Gugler War of 1375. Origin of the term The term Gugler is derived from the appearance of the knights dressed for winter, wearing pointed helmets and cowl-like hoods, ''Gugle'' (or ''Gügle'') being a Swiss German term for cowl or point. Background During lulls in the Hundred Years War, unemployed knights and soldiers of free companies often rampaged and plundered the French countryside until they were again engaged and paid by French or English overlords to do their bidding. De Coucy gathered a mercenary army of such knights to enforce his inheritance rights versus his Habsburg relatives. The French king Charles V encouraged and financed de Coucy as he hoped to move these free companies off French lands. There is disagreement about the size of the army De Coucy put together, Tuchman estima ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Leopold III, Duke Of Austria
Leopold III (1 November 1351 – 9 July 1386), known as the Just, a member of the House of Habsburg, was Duke of Austria from 1365. As head and progenitor of the Leopoldian line, he ruled over the Inner Austrian duchies of Carinthia, Styria and Carniola as well as the County of Tyrol and Further Austria from 1379 until his death. Biography Born in Vienna, Leopold was a younger son of Duke Albert II of Austria (thereby a grandson of King Albert I of Germany), and younger brother of the Dukes Rudolf IV and Albert III. His mother, Joanna of Pfirt, a daughter of Princess Joanna of Burgundy, was 51 when she gave birth to him and died shortly after. Upon the death of Albert II, his eldest son Rudolf IV, called the Founder, assumed the rule over the Habsburg dominions, despite the regulations on a joint rule left by his father. Nevertheless, on 18 November 1364 he promulgated his own house law (''Rudolfinische Hausordnung''), according to which the Austrian "hereditary lands" were a ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Enguerrand VII De Coucy
Enguerrand VII de Coucy, (1340 – 18 February 1397), also known as Ingelram de Coucy and Ingelram de Couci, was a medieval French nobleman and the last Lord of Coucy. He became a son-in-law of King Edward III of England following his marriage to the king's daughter, Isabella of England, and the couple was subsequently granted several English estates, among them the title Earl of Bedford. Coucy fought in the Battle of Nicopolis in 1396 as part of a failed crusade against the Ottoman Empire, but was taken prisoner and contracted the bubonic plague. He died in captivity the following year at Bursa. Coucy had no surviving sons. Fierce legal disputes were fought over the succession of his lordship of Coucy, which, as a result, passed to the crown lands of France. Early years Coucy became Lord of Coucy at the death of his father, Enguerrand VI, Lord of Coucy, during the sequence of battles ending with the Battle of Crécy in 1346. He also gained the titles of 4th Lord Gynes, Sire ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Monastery Gottstatt
Gottstat Monastery is a former Premonstratensian monastery in the municipality of Orpund in the Canton of Bern, Switzerland. Establishment It was established in 1255 by Count Rudolf I von Neuchâtel-Nidau. A previous attempt to establish a monastery on the site in 1247 there had been unsuccessful. The monastery church was built in 1300 accessed 16 August 2013 and was the burial church for the Counts of Neuchâtel-Nidau. After their line became extinct in 1375, the monastery was inherited by the Counts of Kyburg-Burgdorf until it was acquired by in 1388. Documents from 1295, 1309 and 1314 indicate that the monastery was a local pilgrimage site an ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Altreu
Altreu is a village in the municipality of Selzach in Canton of Solothurn's Lebern District, Switzerland. Geography Altreu lies 429 m above sea level, 7 km west-southwest of the canton's capital Solothurn. The village stands along the north bank of the Aare and at the meeting point of the two streams Haagbach and Selzacherbach, shortly before they flow into the Aare. The village is located in a nearly 3 km-wide lowland of the Aare in the west of Solothurn's part of the Swiss Plateau. Recreation Altreu is a stop for hikers and bicyclists along the meandering course of the Aare. Altreu is known internationally for its white stork colony, which was established by conservationist Max Blösch in 1948; the 15 km2 'Witi' reserve serves as a hunting ground and resting place for the storks in the marshlands of the Aare. In 2008, Altreu was recognized as a European stork village by the EuroNatur foundation. Transportation The village lies away from major thoroughfar ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Owain Lawgoch
Owain Lawgoch ( en, Owain of the Red Hand, french: Yvain de Galles), full name Owain ap Thomas ap Rhodri (July 1378), was a Welsh soldier who served in Lombardy, France, Alsace, and Switzerland. He led a Free Company fighting for the French against the English in the Hundred Years' War. As a politically active descendant of Llywelyn the Great in the male line, he was a claimant to the title of Prince of Gwynedd and of Wales. Genealogy Following the death of Llywelyn the Last in 1282 and the execution of his brother and successor Dafydd ap Gruffudd in 1283, Gwynedd paid fealty to and accepted English rule. Llywelyn's daughter Gwenllian ferch Llywelyn was committed to a nunnery at Sempringham, while the sons of Dafydd were kept in Bristol Castle until their deaths. Another of Llywelyn's brothers, Rhodri ap Gruffydd, renounced his rights in Gwynedd and spent much of his life in England as a royal pensioner. His son Thomas inherited lands in England in Surrey, Cheshire and Gloucest ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Sundgau
Sundgau ( or ; ) is a geographical territory in the southern Alsace region (Haut Rhin and Belfort), on the eastern edge of France. The name is derived from Alemannic German ''Sunt- gowe'' ("South shire"), denoting an Alemannic county in the Old High German period. The principal city and historical capital is Altkirch. The considerably smaller French pays of Sundgau, implemented by the 1999 Loi Voynet, roughly corresponds to the arrondissement of Altkirch, comprising four cantons and 112 communes in the south of the larger Sundgau region. Geography The hilly region is bounded on the south by the Swiss border and the foothills of the Jura, in the east by the valley of the Rhine in the vicinity of Basel, to the north by Mulhouse and the potassium-rich basin of Alsace, and to the west by the Belfort Gap. It comprises parts of the modern Department of Haut-Rhin and the Territory of Belfort in the regions of Alsace and the Franche-Comté. The fertile loess soil has traditionally f ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Petermann I Von Grünenberg
Petermann may refer to: Places Antarctica *Petermann Island *Petermann Ranges (Antarctica) Australia * Petermann, Northern Territory, a locality *Petermann Orogeny, a geological feature *Petermann Ranges (Australia) Greenland *Petermann Glacier * Petermann Peak *Petermann Fjord Elsewhere * Petermann (crater), a feature on the Moon *Kapp Petermann, a headland on the island of Spitsbergen People *André Petermann (1922–2011), Swiss physicist * Andreas Petermann (born 1957), German cyclist * Anke Petermann, German radio journalist *August Heinrich Petermann (1822–1878), German cartographer *Daniel Petermann (born 1995), Canadian football player * Davide Petermann (born 1994), Italian football player *Erna Petermann (1912–?), Nazi concentration camp overseer *Felix Petermann (born 1984), German ice hockey player *Julius Heinrich Petermann 1801 –1876), German Orientalist *Lena Petermann (born 1994), German football player *Mary Locke Petermann (1908–1975), American bioch ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Rudolph IV Of Nidau
Rudolph or Rudolf may refer to: People * Rudolph (name), the given name including a list of people with the name Religious figures * Rudolf of Fulda (died 865), 9th century monk, writer and theologian * Rudolf von Habsburg-Lothringen (1788–1831), Archbishop of Olomouc and member of the House of Habsburg-Lorraine Royalty and nobility *Rudolph I (other) *Rudolph II (other) *Rudolph III (other) * Rudolph of France (died 936) * Rudolph I of Germany (1218–1291) * Rudolf II, Holy Roman Emperor (1552–1612) * Rudolph, Prince of Anhalt-Zerbst (1576–1621) * Rudolf, Crown Prince of Austria (1858–1889), son and heir of Emperor Franz Joseph I of Austria and Empress Elisabeth of Austria (died at Mayerling) Places * Rudolph Glacier, Antarctica * Rudolph, South Dakota, US * Rudolph, Wisconsin, US, a village * Rudolph (town), Wisconsin, adjacent to the village * Rudolf Island, northernmost island of Europe * Lake Rudolf, now Lake Turkana, in Kenya Ar ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Fraubrunnen Abbey
Fraubrunnen Abbey (german: Kloster Fraubrunnen; la, Fons beatae Mariae; in English, "spring, or well, or fountain of urLady" and "of the Blessed irginMary" respectively) is a former Cistercian nunnery in the municipality of Fraubrunnen in the canton of Bern, Switzerland. History In 1246, Counts Hartmann the Elder and Hartmann the Younger of Kyburg donated their lands, farms and forests in and around the village of Mülinen, as well as judicial rights over the village itself, to establish a Cistercian nunnery, which was placed under the authority of the abbot of Frienisberg in 1249 or 1250. It was called in Latin ''Fons beatae Mariae'', in German "Fraubrunnen", which replaced the existing village's original name of "Mülinen". Over the following years it acquired further estates in a number of villages and vineyards on the shores of Lake Biel. It owned houses in Bern, Burgdorf and Solothurn and received the ''Burgrecht'' in those cities. The abbey became one of the wealthie ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Jean De Vienne
Jean de Vienne (1341 – 25 September 1396) was a French knight, general and Admiral of France during the Hundred Years' War. Early life Jean de Vienne was born at Dole, in what is now Franche-Comté. As a nobleman, he started his military career at the age of 19, and was made a knight at 21. At 1366-1367 he took a part of a Savoyard crusade lead by Amadeus VI of Savoy against Bulgaria. Career By the age of 24, de Vienne was made Captain-General for the Franche-Comté. In 1373, Charles V made him ''Amiral de France''. Working with determination, de Vienne reorganised the navy, started an important programme of construction, created an effective coast guard, navigation police, organised watches along the coasts, and attributed licences for building and selling of ships. Jean de Vienne was one of the first to understand that only by naval operations could serious harm be done to England. To this end he petitioned for strong support from the French monarchy and conducted sev ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Saint Urban's Abbey
St. Urban's Abbey (german: Kloster Sankt Urban) is a former Cistercian monastery in the municipality of Pfaffnau in the canton of Lucerne in Switzerland. It is a Swiss heritage site of national significance. History The monastery was founded in 1194 on a land grant from the Freiherren of Langenstein and of Kapfenberg. The mother church was Lucelle Abbey. It was first mentioned in 1196 as ''sanctus Urbanus'' and in 1201 as ''cenobium sancti Urbani''. The first monastery was a single monk's cell in Kleinroth, which is now in the municipality of Langenthal. In 1195, the first monks moved about down the valley to establish a larger monastery building. During the 13th century, the monastery expanded with land grants from local nobles and became a major landowner in the Langeten and Rot valleys. Over the following centuries it continued to expand acquiring property and rights throughout the region. By 1266, the monastery had become an abbey with an abbot who was also respons ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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