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Gruffydd Fychan I
Gruffudd Fychan I, Prince of Powys Fadog from 1277 to 1284, was the youngest of the four sons of Prince Gruffydd II ap Madog, Lord of Dinas Bran, Gruffudd ap Madog, Lord of Dinas Bran. On his father's death in 1269 (or 1270) his share was the Lordship of Iâl, Iâl (Yale) and Edeirnion, which included Glyn Dyfrdwy. He was aligned to Llywelyn ap Gruffudd, Prince of Wales, in the war of 1277. In the peace treaty, it was agreed that he would not do homage to Llywelyn for Edeirnion, but to Edward I of England for Iâl. He again fought alongside Llywelyn during the war of 1282–1283, and lost his lands with his defeat. Nevertheless, the Earl of Surrey persuaded the king to allow him possession of his lands, which he held from the king as a tenant at will for the rest of his life. He died in 1289 leaving a young son, Madog Crypl. Owain Glyndŵr, the last native Prince of Wales, was his great-grandson, the grandson of Madog Crypl. References * J. E. Lloyd, ''Owen Glendower: O ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Powys Fadog
Powys Fadog (English: ''Lower Powys'' or ''Madog's Powys'') was the northern portion of the former princely realm of Powys, which split in two following the death of Madog ap Maredudd in 1160. The realm was divided under Welsh law, with Madog's nephew Owain Cyfeiliog inheriting the south (see Powys Wenwynwyn) and his son Gruffydd Maelor I, who inherited the north. Gruffydd received the cantref of Maelor and the commote of Iâl as his portion and later added Nanheudwy, Cynllaith, Glyndyfrdwy and Mochnant Is Rhaeadr. This northern realm became known as Powys Fadog after the accession of his son Madog ap Gruffudd in 1191 who reigned until 1236, and after whom it may be named (see alternative translations above). During his reign, Madog initially adopted a neutral position between Gwynedd and England but by 1215 had settled on an alliance with Llywelyn ab Iorwerth of Gwynedd. This policy of alliance with Gwynedd altered under his successor Gruffudd II over his thirty-three year re ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Gruffydd II Ap Madog, Lord Of Dinas Bran
Gruffydd Maelor II (died 1269) was Prince of Powys Fadog. Lineage He was the eldest son of Prince Madog ap Gruffydd Maelor and inherited his father's lands and title in partial succession along with his four brothers Gruffydd Ial, Maredudd, Hywel and Madog Fychan. The Kingdom of Powys Fadog had previously been unified under one leader but now had five and was subjected to outside forces as well. His father's policy of alliance with the large and powerful Gwynedd changed over his thirty-three year reign (1236-1269); pressure from Gwynedd, and Gruffydd's marriage to the daughter of an English landowner, caused him to seek support from the English king. However, support from England failed to arrive and in 1258 he was forced to submit to Llywelyn ap Gruffudd. Llywelyn was recognised as Prince of Wales under the terms of the 1267 Treaty of Montgomery and Gruffydd was confined to his castle for the rest of his life. Marriage He married Emma (1224 - c. 1278), daughter of Henry de A ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Dinas Bran
Dinas may refer to: Places England * Dinas, an area of Padstow, Cornwall * Castle an Dinas, St Columb Major, an Iron Age hillfort at the summit of Castle Downs, Cornwall * Treryn Dinas, a headland near Treen, on the Penwith peninsula, Cornwall * Trereen Dinas, an Iron Age promontory fort at Gurnard's Head, Cornwall Wales * Dinas, Gwynedd, a large hamlet near Bontnewydd, Caernarfon ** Dinas railway station, on the narrow gauge Welsh Highland Railway ** Dinas (FR) railway station, disused Festiniog Railway station * Dinas Cross, a village and community in Pembrokeshire ** Dinas Island, (''Ynys Dinas'') a peninsula in the community of Dinas Cross *Dinas Dinlle, a small settlement in Gwynedd *Dinas Emrys, a hillock near Beddgelert, Gwynedd *Dinas Mawddwy, a town and community in Gwynedd * Dinas Powys, a village and community in the Vale of Glamorgan ** Dinas Powys railway station ** Dinas Powys hillfort * Dinas Rhondda, a village near Tonypandy, Rhondda Cynon Taf ** Dinas Rh ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Gruffydd Fychan
Gruffudd or Gruffydd ( or , in either case) is a Welsh name, originating in Old Welsh as a given name and today used as both a given and surname. It is the origin of the Anglicised name '' Griffith[s]'', and was historically sometimes treated as interchangeable with the etymologically unrelated Germanic name ''Galfrid'' ( Latinised as ''Galfridus''). The Welsh form evolved from the Common Brittonic ''Grippiud'' or ''Gripuid''.Morgan, T.J., Welsh Surnames, Qualitex Printing Limited, Cardiff, 1985, The ''Orthography of Welsh Surnames 5-8'', ''Gruffydd'' pgs 103–105, ''first element gruff as a noun means 'magic wand' and second element iudd as a noun means 'lord', found on page 160 entry for Maredudd'' Evolution and history One of the oldest forms which gave rise to all other variations is ''Grippiud'' or ''Gripuid'', which evolved into Old Welsh ''Griffudd''. The second element of the name, ''iudd'', as a noun has a meaning of 'lord' and is found in other Welsh names su ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Iâl
Ial or Yale ( cy, Iâl) was a commote of medieval Wales within the cantref of Maelor in the Kingdom of Powys. When the Kingdom was divided in 1160, Maelor became part of the Princely realm of Powys Fadog (Lower Powys or Madog's Powys), and belonged to the Royal House of Mathrafal. History The capital of Yale was at Llanarmon-yn-Iâl, in Denbighshire, Wales, in a village situated at the site of a shrine that once belonged to the Roman Bishop, Germanus of Auxerre ( cy, Garmon). The nearby castle, named Tomen y Faerdre, built next to a Neolithic cave, was erected by the first Prince of Wales, Owain Gwynedd, after capturing the commote of Yale from the last Prince of Powys, Madog ap Maredudd. The castle was later rebuilt by King John of England of the House of Plantagenet, as a way to secure the area for his military campaign against the Prince of North Wales, Llywelyn ap Iorwerth. Other castles were built in the commote such as Tomen y Rhodwydd, also built by Owain Gwynedd, in ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Edeirnion
Edeirnion or Edeyrnion is an area of the county of Denbighshire and an ancient commote of medieval Wales in the cantref of Penllyn. According to tradition, it was named after its eponymous founder Edern or Edeyrn. It was included as a Welsh territory of Shropshire in the Domesday Book. Edeirnion was nominally a part of the Kingdom of Powys but was often subject to border intrusions by the neighbouring Kingdom of Gwynedd. It was the patrimony of Owain Brogyntyn. These rumbling border disputes caused a great deal of friction between the two realms. Edeirnion was occupied and annexed by Gwynedd in the reign of Llywelyn the Great but briefly returned to Powys following a treaty forced on Gwynedd by England after Llywelyn's death in 1240. The territory was again occupied by Gwynedd after 1267 before being returned again to Powys. This continuing dispute and the appeal by Llywelyn ap Gruffudd to Edward I of England to see the resolution of this dispute settled by Welsh Law was one o ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Llywelyn Ap Gruffudd
Llywelyn ap Gruffudd (c. 1223 – 11 December 1282), sometimes written as Llywelyn ap Gruffydd, also known as Llywelyn the Last ( cy, Llywelyn Ein Llyw Olaf, lit=Llywelyn, Our Last Leader), was the native Prince of Wales ( la, Princeps Walliae, links=no; cy, Tywysog Cymru, links=no) from 1258 until his death at Cilmeri in 1282. Llywelyn was the son of Gruffydd ap Llywelyn Fawr and grandson of Llywelyn the Great, and he was one of the last native and independent princes of Wales before its conquest by Edward I of England and English rule in Wales that followed, until Owain Glyndŵr held the title during the Welsh Revolt of 1400–1415. Genealogy and early life Llywelyn was the second of the four sons of Gruffydd, the eldest son of Llywelyn the Great, and Senana ferch Caradog, the daughter of Caradoc ap Thomas ap Rhodri, Lord of Anglesey. The eldest was Owain Goch ap Gruffydd and Llywelyn had two younger brothers, Dafydd ap Gruffydd and Rhodri ap Gruffydd. Llywelyn is ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Prince Of Wales
Prince of Wales ( cy, Tywysog Cymru, ; la, Princeps Cambriae/Walliae) is a title traditionally given to the heir apparent to the English and later British throne. Prior to the conquest by Edward I in the 13th century, it was used by the rulers of independent Wales. The first native Welsh prince was Gruffudd ap Cynan of Gwynedd, in 1137, although his son Owain Gwynedd (Owain ap Gruffudd) is often cited as having established the title. Llywelyn the Great is typically regarded as the strongest leader, holding power over the vast majority of Wales for 45 years. One of the last independent princes was Llywelyn ap Gruffydd (Llywelyn the Last), who was killed at the Battle of Orewin Bridge in 1282. His brother, Dafydd ap Gruffydd, was executed the following year. After these two deaths, Edward I of England invested his son Edward of Caernarfon as the first English prince of Wales in 1301. The title was later claimed by the heir of Gwynedd, Owain Glyndŵr (Owain ap Gruffydd), from ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Edward I Of England
Edward I (17/18 June 1239 – 7 July 1307), also known as Edward Longshanks and the Hammer of the Scots, was King of England and Lord of Ireland from 1272 to 1307. Concurrently, he ruled the duchies of Aquitaine and Gascony as a vassal of the French king. Before his accession to the throne, he was commonly referred to as the Lord Edward. The eldest son of Henry III, Edward was involved from an early age in the political intrigues of his father's reign, which included a rebellion by the English barons. In 1259, he briefly sided with a baronial reform movement, supporting the Provisions of Oxford. After reconciliation with his father, however, he remained loyal throughout the subsequent armed conflict, known as the Second Barons' War. After the Battle of Lewes, Edward was held hostage by the rebellious barons, but escaped after a few months and defeated the baronial leader Simon de Montfort at the Battle of Evesham in 1265. Within two years the rebellion was extin ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Earl Of Surrey
Earl of Surrey is a title in the Peerage of England that has been created five times. It was first created for William de Warenne, 1st Earl of Surrey, William de Warenne, a close Companions of William the Conqueror, companion of William the Conqueror. It is currently held as a subsidiary title by the Dukes of Norfolk. History The Earldom of Surrey was first created in 1088 for William de Warenne, 1st Earl of Surrey, William de Warenne, as a reward for loyal service to William during the Conquest. He received the lordship of Reigate Castle in Surrey, but also had holdings in twelve other counties. Perhaps because he held little property in Surrey, the earldom came to be more commonly called ''of Warenne''. The name Warenne comes from the name of their property in Normandy where the family's ancestral castle, Bellencombre, was located on the Varenne (Arques), Varenne River. It was held by William de Warenne's son and grandson, both also named William, and then by the husbands o ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Madog Crypl
Madog Crypl (or Madog Crippil), also known as Madog ap Gruffydd Fychan (c. 1275–1304/6) was a descendant of the sovereign Princes of Powys Fadog and Lords of Dinas Bran. He is sometimes described as Madog III of Powys Fadog. However, he was only lord of some of the family lands under the English crown. He was still a child at the death of his father, Prince Gruffydd Fychan in 1289, so that the lands were placed in the custody of the queen and then of Reginald de Grey, Justice of Chester and then Thomas of Macclesfield. Madog ap Gruffydd asked the king for a suitable provision to be made for him, and seems to have been granted his father's lands. These apparently consisted of Glyndyfrdwy and half of the commote of Cynllaith, comprising the area around Sycharth. Madog married Gwenllian, daughter of Ithel Fychan of Halkin and had a son Gruffydd of Rhuddallt, who was married on 8 July 1304 at the age of six to Elizabeth, daughter of John LeStrange of Knockin. Death and Burial ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Owain Glyndŵr
Owain ap Gruffydd (), commonly known as Owain Glyndŵr or Glyn Dŵr (, anglicised as Owen Glendower), was a Welsh leader, soldier and military commander who led a 15 year long Welsh War of Independence with the aim of ending English rule in Wales during the Late Middle Ages. He was also an educated lawyer, he formed the first Welsh Parliament ( cy, Senedd Cymru), and was the last native-born Welshman to hold the title Prince of Wales. Owain Glyndŵr was a direct descendant of several Welsh royal dynasties including the princes of Powys via the House of Mathrafal through his father Gruffudd Fychan II, hereditary Prince ( cy, Tywysog) of Powys Fadog. And through his mother, Elen ferch Tomas ap Llywelyn, he was also a descendant of the kings and princes of the Kingdom of Deheubarth as well as the royal House of Dinefwr, and the kings and princes of the Kingdom of Gwynedd and their cadet branch of the House of Aberffraw. The rebellion began in 1400, when Owain Glyndŵr, a descende ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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