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Gregarinicae
Gregarinicae is a superfamily of parasitic alveolates of the phylum Apicomplexia Taxonomy There are seven families in this taxon. History This superfamily was created by Chakaravarty in 1960.Chakravarty MM (1960) Systematic position of some genera and classification of the suborder Cephalina Delage and Hérouard. Proceedings of the Zoological Society of Calcutta 12:71–81 Description Species in superfamily infect only a single host during their life cycle. Species in this genus associate with one another prior to syzygy. Differential diagnosis This superfamily is distinguished from Porosporidae by having a monogenic (one host) life cycle. In this family sporogony Apicomplexans, a group of intracellular parasites, have life cycle stages that allow them to survive the wide variety of environments they are exposed to during their complex life cycle. Each stage in the life cycle of an apicomplexan organism i ... is completed in the gametocyst. The species in this sup ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Stenophoricae
Stylocephaloidea is a superfamily of parasites of the phylum Apicomplexia. Taxonomy There are eleven families in this taxon. History This superfamily was created by Levine in 1984.Levine ND (1984) Nomenclatoral corrections and new taxa in the apicomplexan protozoa. Trans American MicroscSoc 103 :195—204 Its description was emended by Clopton in 2009. It was previously designated Solitaricae by Chakravarty in 1960. Description Species in this superfamily infect only a single host during their life cycle. The trophozoites are solitary and may develop either intracellularly or extracellularly. The epimerite varies in its structure between species. The gametocysts may or may not have sporoducts. They have a hyaline epicyst. Oocyst Apicomplexans, a group of intracellular parasites, have life cycle stages that allow them to survive the wide variety of environments they are exposed to during their complex life cycle. Each stage in the life cycle of an apicomplexan or ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Septatorina
Septatorina is a suborder of parasitic alveolates of the phylum Apicomplexa Taxonomy There are five superfamilies and one family in this suborder: superfamilies ''Fusionicae'', ''Gregarinicae'', ''Porosporicae'', ''Stenophoricae'' and ''Stylocephaloidea''; and family ''Blabericolidae''. History This taxon was created in 1885 by Ray Lankester. Description The defining morphological feature of this taxon is the presence of septum dividing the gamont or trophozoite into a protomerite and deutomerite. The septum may not always be visible by light microscopy. Species in this taxon also have an epimerite. Species in this taxon infect invertebrates and especially arthropod Arthropods (, (gen. ποδός)) are invertebrate animals with an exoskeleton, a Segmentation (biology), segmented body, and paired jointed appendages. Arthropods form the phylum Arthropoda. They are distinguished by their jointed limbs and Arth ...s. References SAR supergroup suborders Conoidasi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Cephaloidophoridae
Cephaloidophoridae is a family of parasitic alveolates of the phylum Apicomplexia Taxonomy There are three genera in this taxon and seventy named species. History This taxon was created by Kamm in 1922.Kamm MEW (1922) Studies on gregarines II: Synopsis of the polycystid gregarines of the world, excluding those from the Myriapoda, Orthoptera, and Coleoptera. University of Illinois Press Description Species in this family infect crustacean Crustaceans (Crustacea, ) form a large, diverse arthropod taxon which includes such animals as decapods, seed shrimp, branchiopods, fish lice, krill, remipedes, isopods, barnacles, copepods, amphipods and mantis shrimp. The crustacean group can ...s and infect only a single host during their life cycle. They are spread by the orofaecal route and infect the intestine of the host. Their early development is within the cells of the intestine. Once mature they rupture the cell and escape into the intestinal lumen. The primite is disting ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Sporogony
Apicomplexans, a group of intracellular parasites, have life cycle stages that allow them to survive the wide variety of environments they are exposed to during their complex life cycle. Each stage in the life cycle of an apicomplexan organism is typified by a ''cellular variety'' with a distinct morphology and biochemistry. Not all apicomplexa develop all the following cellular varieties and division methods. This presentation is intended as an outline of a hypothetical generalised apicomplexan organism. Methods of asexual replication Apicomplexans (sporozoans) replicate via ways of multiple fission (also known as schizogony). These ways include , and , although the latter is sometimes referred to as schizogony, despite its general meaning. Merogony is an asexually reproductive process of apicomplexa. After infecting a host cell, a trophozoite ( see glossary below) increases in size while repeatedly replicating its nucleus and other organelles. During this process, the orga ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Porosporidae
Porosporidae is a family of parasitic alveolates of the phylum Apicomplexia Taxonomy This family has 3 genera - '' Pachyporospora'', '' Porospora'' and '' Nematopsis'' - and 37 species. The members of this family are distinguished from the other septate gregarines by having a digenic (two host) life cycle. History This taxon was created in 1899 by Labbé.Labbé A (1899) Sporozoa. In Das Tierreich: Eine Zusammenstellung und Kennzeichnung der rezenten Tierformen, Schulze, F. E. & Bütschli, O. (eds.). R. Friedländer und Sohn, Berlin: Germany Description The species in this family are heteroxenous Heteroxeny, or heteroxenous development, characterizes a parasite whose development involves several host species. Heteroxeny has been used as the basis for splitting genera. When there are two or three hosts, the development cycle is named di ..., meaning they live in two separate hosts during their life cycle. The two host species involved in their life cycle are a crustacean ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Apicomplexia
The Apicomplexa (also called Apicomplexia) are a large phylum of parasitic Alveolata, alveolates. Most of them possess a unique form of organelle that comprises a type of non-photosynthetic plastid called an apicoplast, and an apical complex structure. The organelle is an adaptation that the apicomplexan applies in penetration of a host cell. The Apicomplexa are unicellular and spore-forming. All species are obligate parasite, obligate parasitism#types, endoparasites of animals, except ''Nephromyces'', a symbiosis, symbiont in marine animals, originally classified as a chytrid fungus. Motile structures such as flagellum, flagella or pseudopods are present only in certain gamete stages. The Apicomplexa are a diverse group that includes organisms such as the coccidia, gregarines, piroplasms, haemogregarines, and Plasmodiidae, plasmodia. Diseases caused by Apicomplexa include: * Babesiosis (''Babesia'') * Malaria (''Plasmodium'') * Cryptosporidiosis (''Cryptosporidium parvum'') * C ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Phylum
In biology, a phylum (; plural: phyla) is a level of classification or taxonomic rank below kingdom and above class. Traditionally, in botany the term division has been used instead of phylum, although the International Code of Nomenclature for algae, fungi, and plants accepts the terms as equivalent. Depending on definitions, the animal kingdom Animalia contains about 31 phyla, the plant kingdom Plantae contains about 14 phyla, and the fungus kingdom Fungi contains about 8 phyla. Current research in phylogenetics is uncovering the relationships between phyla, which are contained in larger clades, like Ecdysozoa and Embryophyta. General description The term phylum was coined in 1866 by Ernst Haeckel from the Greek (, "race, stock"), related to (, "tribe, clan"). Haeckel noted that species constantly evolved into new species that seemed to retain few consistent features among themselves and therefore few features that distinguished them as a group ("a self-contained unity" ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Eukaryota
Eukaryotes () are organisms whose Cell (biology), cells have a cell nucleus, nucleus. All animals, plants, fungi, and many unicellular organisms, are Eukaryotes. They belong to the group of organisms Eukaryota or Eukarya, which is one of the Three-domain system, three domains of life. Bacteria and Archaea (both prokaryotes) make up the other two domains. The eukaryotes are usually now regarded as having emerged in the Archaea or as a sister of the Asgard (archaea), Asgard archaea. This implies that there are only Two-domain system, two domains of life, Bacteria and Archaea, with eukaryotes incorporated among archaea. Eukaryotes represent a small minority of the number of organisms, but, due to their generally much larger size, their collective global biomass (ecology), biomass is estimated to be about equal to that of prokaryotes. Eukaryotes emerged approximately 2.3–1.8 billion years ago, during the Proterozoic eon, likely as Flagellated cell, flagellated phagotrophs. The ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
