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Greek Democratic Transition
The Metapolitefsi ( el, Μεταπολίτευση, , "regime change") was a period in modern Greek history from the fall of the Ioaniddes military junta of 1973–74 to the transition period shortly after the 1974 legislative elections. The metapolitefsi was ignited by the liberalisation plan of military dictator Georgios Papadopoulos, which was opposed by prominent politicians such as Panagiotis Kanellopoulos and Stephanos Stephanopoulos, and halted by the massive Athens Polytechnic uprising against the military junta. The counter coup of Dimitrios Ioannides, and his coup d'etat against President of Cyprus Makarios III, which led to the Turkish invasion of Cyprus, brought the dictatorship down. The appointment of the interim "national unity government", led by former prime minister Konstantinos Karamanlis, saw Karamanlis legalise the Communist Party (KKE) and found the center-right but still parliamentary (non-military) New Democracy party, which won the elections of 1974 ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Regime Change
Regime change is the partly forcible or coercive replacement of one government regime with another. Regime change may replace all or part of the state's most critical leadership system, administrative apparatus, or bureaucracy. Regime change may occur through domestic processes, such as revolution, coup, or reconstruction of government following state failure or civil war. It can also be imposed on a country by foreign actors through invasion, overt or covert interventions, or coercive diplomacy. Regime change may entail the construction of new institutions, the restoration of old institutions, and the promotion of new ideologies. According to a dataset by Alexander Downes, 120 leaders were removed through foreign-imposed regime change between 1816 and 2011. Types Internal regime change Regime change can be precipitated by revolution or a coup d'état. For example, the 1917 Russian Revolution, the 1962 Burmese coup, and the 1979 Iranian Revolution. Foreign-imposed regim ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
New Democracy (Greece)
New Democracy (ND; el, Νέα Δημοκρατία, Néa Dimokratía, ) is a liberal-conservative political party in Greece. In contemporary Greek politics, New Democracy has been the main centre-right political party and one of the two major parties along with its historic rival, the Panhellenic Socialist Movement (PASOK). New Democracy and PASOK were created in the wake of the toppling of the military junta in 1974, and ruled Greece alternately for the next four decades. Following the electoral decline of PASOK, New Democracy remained one of the two major parties in Greece, the other being the Coalition of the Radical Left (SYRIZA). Having spent four and a half years in opposition to SYRIZA's government, New Democracy regained its majority in the Hellenic Parliament and returned to government under Kyriakos Mitsotakis after the 2019 legislative election. The support of New Democracy comes from a wide electorate base ranging from centrists to conservatives, and nationalists ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Martial Law
Martial law is the imposition of direct military control of normal civil functions or suspension of civil law by a government, especially in response to an emergency where civil forces are overwhelmed, or in an occupied territory. Use Martial law can be used by governments to enforce their rule over the public, as seen in multiple countries listed below. Such incidents may occur after a coup d'état ( Thailand in 2006 and 2014, and Egypt in 2013); when threatened by popular protest (China, Tiananmen Square protests of 1989); to suppress political opposition ( martial law in Poland in 1981); or to stabilize insurrections or perceived insurrections. Martial law may be declared in cases of major natural disasters; however, most countries use a different legal construct, such as a state of emergency. Martial law has also been imposed during conflicts, and in cases of occupations, where the absence of any other civil government provides for an unstable population. Examples of ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Hellenic Parliament
The Hellenic Parliament ( el, Ελληνικό Κοινοβούλιο, Elliniko Kinovoulio; formally titled el, Βουλή των Ελλήνων, Voulí ton Ellínon, Boule (ancient Greece), Boule of the Greeks, Hellenes, label=none), also known as the Parliament of the Hellenes, the Hellenic Bouleterion or Greek Parliament, is the Unicameralism, unicameral legislature of Greece, located in the Old Royal Palace, overlooking Syntagma Square in Athens. The parliament is the supreme democratic institution that represents the citizens through an elected body of Members of Parliament (MPs). It is a Unicameralism, unicameral legislature of 300 members, elected for a four-year term. In 1844–1863 and 1927–1935, the parliament was Bicameralism, bicameral with an upper house (the Greek Senate, senate) and a lower house (the chamber of deputies), which retained the name . Several important Greek statesmen have served as the speaker of the Hellenic Parliament. History Constitutiona ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Political Prisoner
A political prisoner is someone imprisoned for their political activity. The political offense is not always the official reason for the prisoner's detention. There is no internationally recognized legal definition of the concept, although numerous similar definitions have been proposed by various organizations and scholars, and there is a general consensus among scholars that "individuals have been sanctioned by legal systems and imprisoned by political regimes not for their violation of codified laws but for their thoughts and ideas that have fundamentally challenged existing power relations". The status of a political prisoner is generally awarded to individuals based on declarations of non-governmental organizations like Amnesty International, on a case-by-case basis. While such status are often widely recognized by the international public opinion, they are often rejected by individual governments accused of holding political prisoners, which tend to deny any bias in the ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Spyros Markezinis
Spyridon "Spyros" Markezinis (or Markesinis; ; 22 April 1909 – 4 January 2000) was a Greek politician, longtime member of the Hellenic Parliament, and briefly the Prime Minister of Greece during the aborted attempt at metapolitefsi (democratization) of the Greek military regime in 1973. trumanlibrary.gov. Accessed 20 December 2022. Early political life Spyros Markezinis was born in , a scion of an old wealthy family of , who were at some time given the title ''marchesini'' (i.e., "little |
Minister For The Interior (Greece)
The Ministry of the Interior ( el, Υπουργείο Εσωτερικών) is a government department of Greece. On 15 September 1995, it was merged with the Ministry of the Prime Minister's Office () to form the Ministry of the Interior, Public Administration and Decentralization (). On 19 September 2007, it was merged with the Ministry of Public Order and reverted to its original name. The merger was reversed on 7 October 2009, when the Ministry of the Interior, Decentralization and Electronic Governance () was formed. On 27 June 2011, a separate Ministry of Administrative Reform and Electronic Governance was created, and the Ministry of the Interior again reverted to its original name. On 27 January 2015, the two were merged with the Ministry of Public Order and Citizen Protection to form the Ministry of the Interior and Administrative Reorganization (). A separate Ministry of Administrative Reorganization was created on 5 November 2016, and the Ministry of the Interior reve ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Minister For National Defence (Greece)
The Minister for National Defence of Greece ( el, Υπουργός Εθνικής Άμυνας) is a government minister responsible for the running of the Ministry of National Defence. The current minister is Nikos Panagiotopoulos in the Cabinet of Kyriakos Mitsotakis The Cabinet of Kyriakos Mitsotakis was sworn in on 9 July 2019, following the Greek legislative election in July 2019. Kyriakos Mitsotakis, leader of New Democracy, was sworn in as Prime Minister of Greece on 8 July. The government consists of .... Ministers for National Defence since 1996 External linksHellenic Ministry of National Defence - Official Website {{Greek Military Lists of government ministers of Greece ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Prime Minister Of Greece
The prime minister of the Hellenic Republic ( el, Πρωθυπουργός της Ελληνικής Δημοκρατίας, Prothypourgós tis Ellinikís Dimokratías), colloquially referred to as the prime minister of Greece ( el, Πρωθυπουργός της Ελλάδας, Prothypourgós tis Elládas), is the head of government of the Hellenic Republic and the leader of the Greek Cabinet. The incumbent prime minister is Kyriakos Mitsotakis, who took office on 8 July 2019 from Alexis Tsipras. The officeholder's official seat (but not residence) is the Maximos Mansion in the centre of Athens. The office is described in the Constitution either as Prime Minister or President of the Government (Πρόεδρος της Κυβερνήσεως). This is the reason why the prime minister is also addressed as "Mr/Madam President". Election and appointment of the prime minister The prime minister is officially appointed by the president of Greece. According to Article 37 of t ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Regent Of Greece
This is a list of regents ( el, αντιβασιλείς, sing. αντιβασιλεύς) in the modern Kingdom of Greece (1832–1924 and 1936–1974). A regent, from the Latin ''regens'' "one who reigns", is a person selected to act as head of state (ruling or not) because the ruler is a minor, not present, or debilitated.The ''Oxford English Dictionary'' defines the term as "A person appointed to administer a State because the Monarch is a minor, is absent or is incapacitated." Reign of Otto Following their marriage in 1836, during Otto's illnesses and absences from the capital, Queen Amalia undertook the duties of a regent. Reign of George I Reign of Alexander First reign of George II Second reign of George II Reign of Paul Reign of Constantine II See also *Regency *List of regents *List of heads of state of Greece *President of Greece *Prime Minister of Greece *Monarchy of Greece Notes and references {{Kingdom of Greece Greece Greece Heads of state of G ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Europe
Europe is a large peninsula conventionally considered a continent in its own right because of its great physical size and the weight of its history and traditions. Europe is also considered a Continent#Subcontinents, subcontinent of Eurasia and it is located entirely in the Northern Hemisphere and mostly in the Eastern Hemisphere. Comprising the westernmost peninsulas of Eurasia, it shares the continental landmass of Afro-Eurasia with both Africa and Asia. It is bordered by the Arctic Ocean to the north, the Atlantic Ocean to the west, the Mediterranean Sea to the south and Asia to the east. Europe is commonly considered to be Boundaries between the continents of Earth#Asia and Europe, separated from Asia by the drainage divide, watershed of the Ural Mountains, the Ural (river), Ural River, the Caspian Sea, the Greater Caucasus, the Black Sea and the waterways of the Turkish Straits. "Europe" (pp. 68–69); "Asia" (pp. 90–91): "A commonly accepted division between Asia and E ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
List Of Presidents Of Greece
This is a list of the heads of state of the modern Greek state, from its establishment during the Greek Revolution to the present day. First Hellenic Republic (1822–1832) Provisional Administration of Greece (Presidents of the Executive, 1822–1827) Hellenic State (1827–1832) Governing Councils (1832–1833) Following the resignation of Augustinos Kapodistrias, a series of collective governing councils were established, but their authority was often only nominal. Kingdom of Greece (1832–1924) House of Wittelsbach (1832–1862) The London Conference of 1832 was an international conference convened to establish a stable government in Greece. Negotiations between the three Great powers (United Kingdom, France and Russia) resulted in the establishment of the Kingdom of Greece under a Bavarian Prince. The decisions were ratified in the Treaty of Constantinople later that year. The convention offered the throne to the Bavarian Prince, Otto. They also established the ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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