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Great Stand On The Ugra River
The Great Stand on the Ugra River (russian: Великое cтояние на реке Угре, also russian: Угорщина, translit=Ugorshchina, derived from " Ugra") was a standoff between the forces of Akhmat Khan of the Great Horde, and the Grand Prince Ivan III of Muscovy in 1480 on the banks of the Ugra River, which ended when the Tatars departed without conflict. It is seen in Russian historiography as the end of the vassalage of Muscovy.Michael Khodarkovsky, ''Russia's Steppe Frontier: The Making of a Colonial Empire, 1500–1800'' (Indiana University Press, 2002), 80. Background The main Russian defence line ran along the Oka River from Kaluga east toward Nizhny Novgorod. At Kaluga the Oka bends sharply from north to east and the defense line was extended westward along the Ugra River. The land west and south of Kaluga was claimed by Lithuania. At this time Ivan III was uniting the lands north of the Oka. At the same time the Golden Horde was breaking up and the ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
List Of Conflicts In Eastern Europe During Turco-Mongol Rule
The following is a list of Mongol and Mongol wars, battles, and raids against Kievan Rus' and descendant principalities: Gallery File:RYAZAN.JPG, Golden Horde raid at Ryazan File:KIEV1240.jpg, Golden Horde raid at Kyev File:Oborona Kozelska.jpg, Golden Horde raid at Kozelsk File:Mongols vladimir.jpg, Golden Horde raid Vladimir File:Ephrosinia of Suzdal.jpg, Golden Horde raid Suzdal File:Facial Chronicle - b.10, p.049 - Tokhtamysh at Moscow.jpg, Tokhtamysh besieges Moscow See also *Golden Horde *Mongol Empire The Mongol Empire of the 13th and 14th centuries was the largest contiguous land empire in history. Originating in present-day Mongolia in East Asia, the Mongol Empire at its height stretched from the Sea of Japan to parts of Eastern Europe ... * Tatar invasions * Russo-Kazan Wars * Mongol invasion of Rus' * Russo-Crimean Wars Sources *Full Collection of Russian Annals, St.Petersburg, 1908 and Moscow,2001, . {{Authority control Wars involving the Golden H ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Aleksin
Aleksin (russian: Але́ксин) is a town and the administrative center of Aleksinsky District in Tula Oblast, Russia, located northwest of Tula, the administrative center of the oblast. Population: History It was founded at the end of the 13th century and first mentioned in 1348 in the Nikon Chronicle. Aleksin was sacked by Khan Akhmat in 1472 during his invasion of the Grand Duchy of Moscow. Because of its location on the Oka River, it was, for a while, an important inland port. Aleksin was granted town status in 1777. The town expanded in the 1930s with the construction of a chemical plant. During World War II, Aleksin was under German occupation from 29 November 1941 until 17 December 1941. Administrative and municipal status Within the framework of administrative divisions, Aleksin serves as the administrative center of Aleksinsky DistrictLaw #954-ZTO and is incorporated within it as a town under district jurisdiction.Law #954-ZTO defines a town under district ju ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ibak Khan
Ibak Khan (died 1495) was a Shaybanid khan of Sibir about whom the sources are contradictory. He is also called Abak, Ivak, Ibaq, Khan of Tyumen, and Said Ibrakhim Khan(?). With the breakup of the Golden Horde the regional powers were the Nogais south of the Urals, the Shaybanids southeast of the Urals and the Taibugas in the forested lands to the east. The last two alternated control over the Khanate of Sibir. From about 1428, the Shaybanid Abu'l-Khayr Khan killed the Siberian Khan, Hajji Muhammad and established a brief empire that stretched from Sibir to the Syr Darya. As people and power drifted southeast, the remaining Shaybanids coalesced around Ibak (Allworth, p. 47). In 1464 (many sources), or after Abu’l Khayr’s death in 1468 (Forsyth.p25) or about 1480 (Grosset) Ibak, with the help of the Nogais The Nogais ( Nogai: Ногай, , Ногайлар, ) are a Turkic ethnic group who live in the North Caucasus region. Most are found in Northern Dagestan and Sta ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Borovsk
Borovsk (russian: Бо́ровск) is a town and the administrative center of Borovsky District of Kaluga Oblast, Russia, located on the Protva River just south from the oblast's border with Moscow Oblast. Population: 12,000 (1969). History It is known to have existed since 1356 as a part of the Principality of Ryazan. In the 14th century, it was owned by Vladimir the Bold, but passed to the Grand Duchy of Moscow when his granddaughter Maria of Borovsk married Vasily II. In 1444, the St. Paphnutius Monastery was founded near Borovsk. Its strong walls, towers, and a massive cathedral survive from the reign of Boris Godunov. Two famous Old Believers—archpriest Avvakum Petrovich and boyarynya Feodosiya Morozova—were incarcerated at this monastery in the second half of the 17th century. The town was liberated by the Red Army on January 4, 1942. Administrative and municipal status Within the framework of administrative divisions, Borovsk serves as the administrativ ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Vorotynsk, Peremyshlsky District, Kaluga Oblast
Vorotynsk (russian: Вороты́нск) is a former town located 17 km south of Kaluga in the Ugra National Park. The town is thought to have been situated slightly downstream from the confluence of the Oka and the Ugra Rivers. It was one of the Upper Oka towns and seat of the mediaeval Princes Vorotynsky. It was first mentioned in the Hypatian Codex under the year 1155. In the 14th century, it came under Lithuanian suzerainty as a fief. In 1480, Vorotynsk was the principal Tatar base during the Great standing on the Ugra river. In 1493, it passed under suzerainty of the Grand Duchy of Moscow The Grand Duchy of Moscow, Muscovite Russia, Muscovite Rus' or Grand Principality of Moscow (russian: Великое княжество Московское, Velikoye knyazhestvo Moskovskoye; also known in English simply as Muscovy from the Lat .... The village of Spas-on-the-Oka, which now marks the spot, is dominated by Saviour Vorotynsk Monastery, founded by one Prince ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Nur Devlet
Nur Devlet ( crh, Nur Devlet, نور دولت), was a '' khan'' of the Crimean Khanate (1466–1467, 1467–1469 and 1475–1476) and the son of Hacı I Giray, the founder of Crimean Khanate. Outline: In 1466 the first Crimean khan died. His son Nur Devlet became khan but was expelled by his brother Mengli. In 1475 the Turks invaded and put Nur Devlet on the throne. In 1478 the Turks replaced him with Mengli. Nur Devlet entered the Russian service. The Qasim Khanate was a Russian vassal. In 1486 its ruling house died out and Nur Devlet was made Qasim khan. In 1490 he gave the throne to his son and in 1503 he died after a long illness. Government in Crimea First and second reigns (1466–1469) : In August 1466 the first Crimean Khan Hacı I Giray died and Crimean beys elected his eldest son Nur Devlet. His younger brother Meñli I Giray revolted. Mengli was generally supported by the Crimean nobility and Nur Devlet by the Great Horde. Mengli became khan in 1467, but w ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Belozersk
Belozersk (russian: Белозе́рск), known as Beloozero (russian: Белоозеро, label=none) until 1777, is a town and the administrative center of Belozersky District in Vologda Oblast, Russia, located on the southern bank of Lake Beloye, from which it takes the name, northwest of Vologda, the administrative center of the oblast. Population: History Known as Beloozero (, lit. ''white lake'') until 1777, it was first chronicled in 862 as one of the five original Russian towns (the other four being Murom, Novgorod, Polotsk, and Rostov). According to the Primary Chronicle, Sineus, a brother of Rurik, became the prince of Beloozero in 862. However, Sineus most likely never existed. On several occasions, the settlement was moved from one bank of the lake to another. In the 11th century, the region was still inhabited primarily by Finnic peoples tribes who fiercely resisted Christianization. In 1071, local pagan priests rose in rebellion, which was put down by the ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Kaluga
Kaluga ( rus, Калу́га, p=kɐˈɫuɡə), a city A city is a human settlement of notable size.Goodall, B. (1987) ''The Penguin Dictionary of Human Geography''. London: Penguin.Kuper, A. and Kuper, J., eds (1996) ''The Social Science Encyclopedia''. 2nd edition. London: Routledge. It can be def ... and the administrative center of Kaluga Oblast in Russia, stands on the Oka River southwest of Moscow. Population: Kaluga's most famous resident, the space travel pioneer Konstantin Tsiolkovsky, worked there as a school teacher from 1892 to 1935. The Tsiolkovsky State Museum of the History of Cosmonautics in Kaluga is dedicated to his theoretical achievements and to their practical implementations for modern space research, hence the motto on the city's coat of arms: , ''Kolybélʹ kosmonávtiki'' (''The Cradle of Space-Exploration''"). History Kaluga, founded in the mid-14th century as a border fortress on the southwestern borders of the Grand Duchy of Moscow, first appea ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Kolomna
Kolomna ( rus, Колóмна, p=kɐˈlomnə) is a historical city in Moscow Oblast, Russia, situated at the confluence of the Moskva and Oka Rivers, (by rail) southeast of Moscow. Population: History Mentioned for the first time in 1177, Kolomna was founded in 1140–1160 according to the latest archaeological surveys. Kolomna's name may originate from the Old Russian term for "on the bend (in the river)", especially as the old city is located on a sharp bend in the Moscow River. In 1301, Kolomna became the first town to be incorporated into the Moscow Principality. Like some other ancient Russian cities, it has a kremlin, which is a citadel similar to the more famous one in Moscow and also built of red brick. The stone Kolomna Kremlin was built from 1525–1531 under the Russian Tsar Vasily III. The Kolomna citadel was a part of the Great Abatis Border and, although much of the surrounding wall was removed in the eighteenth century and materials used to construct other ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Tarusa
Tarusa (russian: Тару́са), also known as Tarussa (), is a town and the administrative center of Tarussky District in Kaluga Oblast, Russia, located on the left bank of the Oka River, northeast of Kaluga, the administrative center of the oblast. Population: Etymology The name is from that of the Tarusa River, a tributary of the Oka; ''Tar-'' is a hydronym base characteristic of regions of ancient Baltic settlement.Е. М. Поспелов. "Географические названия мира". Москва, 1998, p. 411. According to a popular belief, the name derives from Tarusa's geohistorical position as a border town to the adjoining realm of Lithuania situated on the bank of the Oka. Questions about travelers' whereabouts from the other bank were answered with the answer ''To—Rus!'', meaning "that is Russia," eventually becoming the name of the town. History Tarusa is known to have existed since 1246, when it was the capital of one of the Upper Oka Pri ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ivan The Young
Ivan Ivanovich (also known as, Ivan the Young, Ioann Ioannovich and Ivan Molodoy) (''Иван Иванович'', ''Иоанн Иоаннович'', ''Иван Молодой'' in Russian) (15 February 1458 – 6 March 1490), was the eldest son and heir of Ivan III of Russia from his first marriage to Maria of Tver. Ivan's father empowered him to deal with most administrative and military affairs of the state in order to make ordinary Russian people think of him as their future ruler. He bestowed upon Ivan the title of grand prince, so the Muscovite ambassadors and government officials used to speak on behalf of the two grand princes. Ambassadors from different Russian cities (e.g. Novgorod), as well ambassadors from foreign countries, could equally address both Ivan III and Ivan the Young with the same requests or problems. Russian chronicles mention Ivan's participation in military campaigns against Ibrahim of Kazan in 1468 and Novgorod in 1471. In 1476 and 1478, Ivan III p ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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