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Great Indonesia Unity Party
The Great Indonesia Unity Party ( id, Partai Parsatuan Indonesia Raya, PIR) was an Indonesian political party established in 1948. It was founded by a group of dissenters who broke away from the Indonesian National Party (PNI) because of their dissatisfaction with the PNI's increasingly left-wing stance. Its chairman was Wongsonegoro, governor of Central Java. The party aimed to be based on neither religion like the Masjumi or a western political outlook (like the PNI). Initially known as the PNI-Merdeka (PNI-Independent) it subsequently changed its name to the Great Indonesia Unity Party. In 1954, following an internal dispute about whether the party should continue to serve in the cabinet, it split into two factions. In the 1955 Indonesian legislative election, the faction led by Wongsonegoro won 0.5 percent of the vote, while the faction led by Hazairin won 0.3 percent. Each faction was awarded one seat in the legislature, the People's Consultative Assembly The People ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Indonesian National Party
The Indonesian National Party ( id, Partai Nasional Indonesia, PNI) was the name used by several nationalist political parties in Indonesia from 1927 until the 2000s. The first PNI was established by future President Sukarno. After independence, the new PNI supplied a number of prime ministers, and participated in the majority of cabinets in the 1950s and 1960s. The party was fused into the Indonesian Democratic Party in 1973. In the years following the reforms of the late 1990s, a number of parties claiming to be the continuation of previous PNIs stood in elections, but gained only a handful of seats. Pre-independence In November 1925, Sukarno, then a young engineer studying at the Bandung Technical College, founded the ''Algemeene Studie Club'', a study club inspired by a similar organization founded by Soetomo in Surabaya. The study club was later reformed on 4 July 1927 into a movement called the Indonesian National Association. In May 1928, the name was changed to the Indonesia ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Wongsonegoro
Kanjeng Raden Mas Tumenggung Wongsonegoro (20 April 1895 – 4 March 1974), more commonly known simply as Wongsonegoro, was an Indonesian politician, who served as the Deputy Prime Minister of Indonesia, alongside Zainul Arifin under Prime Minister Ali Sastroamidjojo, and the Governor of Central Java during the Indonesian National Revolution. He also served as minister in the Indonesian government a number of times, including Minister of Home Affairs, Minister of Justice, and Minister of Education. Biography Early life and education Wongsonegoro was born on 20 April 1895, in Surakarta, Central Java, as R. M. Soenardi. His father was RM. Ngabehi Tjitodiprodjo (the abdi dalem panewu of Susuhunan Pakubuwono X) and R.A Soenartinah. He started his education at the Standardschool, before continuing to the Europeesche Lagere School (ELS), an elementary school for Europeans and indigenous people of noble descent, and graduated in 1911. He again continued his education to ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Central Java
Central Java ( id, Jawa Tengah) is a province of Indonesia, located in the middle of the island of Java. Its administrative capital is Semarang. It is bordered by West Java in the west, the Indian Ocean and the Special Region of Yogyakarta in the south, East Java in the east, and the Java Sea in the north. It has a total area of 32,800.69 km2, with a population of 36,516,035 at the 2020 Census making it the third-most populous province in both Java and Indonesia after West Java and East Java. The official estimate as at mid 2021 was 36,742,501.Badan Pusat Statistik, Jakarta, 2022. The province also includes the island of Nusakambangan in the south (close to the border of West Java), and the Karimun Jawa Islands in the Java Sea. Central Java is also a cultural concept that includes the Yogyakarta Special Region, in turn including the city of Yogyakarta; however, administratively that city and its surrounding regencies have formed a separate special region (equivalent to ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Masjumi
The Council of Indonesian Muslim Associations ( id, Partai Majelis Syuro Muslimin Indonesia), better known as the Masyumi Party, was a major Islamic political party in Indonesia during the Liberal Democracy Era in Indonesia. It was banned in 1960 by President Sukarno for supporting the PRRI rebellion. Background In 1909, a trade organization called the Islamic Trading Association ( id, Sarekat Dagang Islam) was established in Java, then part of the Dutch East Indies to protect the interests of batik traders in the face of competition from ethnic Chinese merchants. In 1912, this became the Sarekat Islam (Islamic Union), and was headed by western-educated Oemar Said Tjokroaminoto. Although it began as a non-political organization, it began to speak out against injustice and poverty. By 1918, it had 450,000 members. Communist influence within it grew, but so did that of the reformist Islamic Muhammadiyah organization, which was anti-communist. In 1920, Muhammadiyah merged into S ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
First Ali Sastroamidjojo Cabinet
The First Ali Sastroamidjojo Cabinet was an Indonesian cabinet named after the Prime Minister, and also known as 'Kabinet IV', that served from 1 August 1953 until 24 July 1955. Composition Cabinet Leadership *List of Prime Ministers of Indonesia, Prime Minister: Ali Sastroamidjojo (Indonesian National Party – PNI) *First Deputy Prime Minister: Wongsonegoro (Great Indonesia Unity Party – PIR) *Second Deputy Prime Minister: Zainul Arifin (Nahdlatul Ulama - NU) Cabinet Members *Minister of Foreign Affairs: Sunario (Indonesian National Party – PNI) *Minister of Home Affairs: Hazairin (PIR) *Minister of Defense: Iwa Kusumasumantri (Progressive Faction) *Minister of Justice: Djody Gondokusumo (PRN) *Minister of Information: Ferdinand Lumbantobing, Dr. F. L. Tobing (SKI) *Minister of Finance: Ong Eng Die (Indonesian National Party – PNI) *Minister of Agriculture: Sadjarwo (BTI) *Minister of Economic Affairs: Iskaq Tjokroadisurjo (Indonesian National Party – PNI) *Minister o ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
1955 Indonesian Legislative Election
Legislative elections were held in Indonesia on 29 September 1955, to elect the 257 members of the People's Representative Council, the country's national legislature. The elections were the first national election held since the end of the Indonesian National Revolution, and saw over 37 million valid votes cast in over 93 thousand polling locations. The result of the election was inconclusive, as no party was given a clear mandate. The legislature which was elected through the election would eventually be dissolved by President Sukarno in 1959, through Presidential Decree number 150. Background The first elections were originally planned for January 1946, but because the Indonesian National Revolution was still underway, this was not possible. After the war, every cabinet had elections in its program. In February 1951 the Natsir cabinet introduced an election bill, but the cabinet fell before it could be debated. The next cabinet, led by Sukiman did hold some regional ele ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Hazairin
Hazairin (Gelar Pangeran Alamsyah Harahap; 28 November 1906 – 11 December 1975) was the Indonesia's Minister of Home Affairs from 30 July 1953 to 18 November 1954, serving in the First Ali Sastroamidjojo Cabinet. Biography Hazairin was born in Bukittinggi, West Sumatra, Dutch East Indies on 28 November 1906 to a strict religious family of Persian descent. His father, Zakaria Bahar, was a teacher from Bengkulu and his mother was of Minangkabau descent. As a child, he moved to Bengkulu to begin his schooling at a Hollands Indlandsche School, or Dutch school for Native Indonesians. After graduating in 1920, he moved to Padang to study at a Meer Uitgebreid Lager Onderwijs, graduating in 1924. During the same period, he studied Arabic and the Quran with his grandfather, expanding on his Islamic studies in his own time. Hazairin later left for Bandung, in West Java, to study at the Algemene Middelbare School there, graduating in 1927. He then went to Batavia (modern day Jakarta) to ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
People's Consultative Assembly
The People's Consultative Assembly of the Republic of Indonesia ( id, Majelis Permusyawaratan Rakyat Republik Indonesia, MPR-RI) is the legislative branch in Politics of Indonesia, Indonesia's political system. It is composed of the members of the People's Representative Council (DPR) and the Regional Representative Council (DPD). Before 2004, and the amendments to the Constitution of Indonesia, 1945 Constitution, the MPR was the highest governing body in Indonesia. In accordance with Law No. 16/1960, the assembly was formed after the 1971 Indonesian legislative election, general election in 1971. It was decided at that time that the membership of the Assembly would be twice that of the House. The 920 membership of MPR continued for the terms of 1977–1982 and 1982–1987. For the terms 1987–1992, 1992–1997, and 1997–1999 the MPR's membership became 1000. One hundred members were appointed representing delegations from groups as addition to the faction delegates of ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
