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Golden Gate, Kiev
The Golden Gate of Kyiv ( ua , Золоті ворота, Zoloti vorota) was the main gate in the 11th century fortifications of Kiev (today Kyiv), the capital of Kievan Rus'. It was named in imitation of the Golden Gate of Constantinople. The structure was dismantled in the Middle Ages, leaving few vestiges of its existence. It was rebuilt completely by the Soviet authorities in 1982, though no images of the original gates have survived. The decision has been immensely controversial because there were many competing reconstructions of what the original gate might have looked like. The rebuilt structure on the corner of Volodymyr street and Yaroslaviv Val Street contains a branch of the National Sanctuary "Sophia of Kyiv" museum. The name ''Zoloti Vorota'' is also used for a nearby theater and the Zoloti Vorota station of the Kyiv Metro. History Modern history accepts this gateway as one of three constructed by Yaroslav the Wise. The golden gates were built in 1017-1024 (6545 ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
National Sanctuary "Sophia Of Kyiv"
The National Sanctuary Complex "Sophia of Kyiv" ( uk, Національний заповідник «Софія Київська») is a historic preserve that contains a complex of museums in Kyiv and Sudak and responsible for maintenance and preservation of some of its most precious historic sites. List of landmarks in the complex Kyiv * Complex of Saint Sophia Cathedral, prime landmark * Golden Gates, part of Sofia of Kyiv since 1983 * St. Cyril's Monastery, created in 1929, was transferred to Sofia of Kyiv in 1965 * St Andrew's Church, part of All-Ukrainian Historic Site 1935, it was transferred to Sofia of Kyiv in 1939 and 1968 Crimea * Sudak fortress, created in 1371–1460, became a part of Sofia of Kyiv in 1958 History In 1934, by the order of the authorities of the Soviet Ukraine, the creation of the cultural preserve (sanctuary) at the site of the Saint Sophia Cathedral likely saved one of the holiest sites in Eastern Europe from destruction during the Soviet-w ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Hypatian Codex
The Hypatian Codex (also known as Hypatian Letopis or Ipatiev Letopis; be, Іпацьеўскі летапіс; russian: Ипатьевская летопись; uk, Іпатіївський літопис) is a ''svod'' (compendium) of three ''letopis'' chronicles: the ''Primary Chronicle'', ''Kievan Chronicle'' and '' Galician-Volhynian Chronicle''. It is the most important source of historical data for southern Rus'. The codex was rediscovered in what is today Ukraine in 1617 by Zacharias Kopystensky, where it was copied by monks in 1621.Velychenko, p. 144. It was re-discovered yet again in the 18th century at the Hypatian Monastery of Kostroma by the Russian historian Nikolay Karamzin. The codex is the second oldest surviving manuscript of the "Initial svod" (Primary Chronicle), after the Laurentian Codex. The Hypatian manuscript dates back to ca. 1425, but it incorporates much precious information from the lost 12th-century Kievan and 13th-century Galician chronicles. The ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ivan Kavaleridze
Ivan Petrovych Kavaleridze or Kawaleridze (Ukrainian Іван Петрович Кавалерідзе; – 3 December 1978) was a Ukrainian - Soviet sculptor, filmmaker, film director, playwright and screenwriter. Life Kavaleridze was born in Ladanskyi (now Novopetrivka, Romny Raion, Sumy Oblast, Ukraine). He descended from a Georgian family transplanted by a Russian general into Ukraine in the middle of the 19th century. From 1907 to 1909, Kavaleridze studied at the Kiev Art School; from 1909 to 1910, he was an art student at the Imperial Academy of Arts; from 1910 to 1911, he studied with Naum Aronson, in Paris. By 1910, he was noted for running his own amateur theater company in Romny. Kavaleridze also sculpted a marble monument to Rus saints in 1911 at Volodymyr Street. It was restored in 1996 after it was taken down by the Communists in 1934. In 1918 to 1920, he created monuments to Taras Shevchenko and Gregory Skovoroda. Shevchenko's statue, which was erected opposit ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Architecture Of Kievan Rus
The architecture of Kievan Rus' comes from the medieval state of Kievan Rus' which incorporated parts of what is now modern Ukraine, Russia, and Belarus, and was centered on Kiev and Novgorod. Its architecture is the earliest period of Russian architecture, using the foundations of Byzantine culture but with great use of innovations and architectural features. Most remains are Russian Orthodox Church, Russian Orthodox churches or parts of the gates and fortifications of cities. After the disintegration of Kievan Rus' followed by Mongol invasion of Rus, Mongol invasion in the first half of the 13th century, the architectural tradition continued in the principalities of Novgorod Republic, Novgorod, Vladimir-Suzdal, Galicia-Volhynia and eventually had direct influence on the Russian architecture, Russian, Ukrainian architecture, Ukrainian, and Belarus, Belarusian architecture. The Old Russian architecture of churches originates from the pre-Christian Slavic "''zodching''" (russian: ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Golden Gate, Kyiv
The Golden Gate of Kyiv ( ua , Золоті ворота, Zoloti vorota) was the main gate in the 11th century fortifications of Kiev (today Kyiv), the capital of Kievan Rus'. It was named in imitation of the Walls of Constantinople, Golden Gate of Constantinople. The structure was dismantled in the Middle Ages, leaving few vestiges of its existence. It was rebuilt completely by the Soviet authorities in 1982, though no images of the original gates have survived. The decision has been immensely controversial because there were many competing reconstructions of what the original gate might have looked like. The rebuilt structure on the corner of Volodymyr street and Yaroslaviv Val Street contains a branch of the National Sanctuary "Sophia of Kyiv" museum. The name ''Zoloti Vorota'' is also used for a nearby theater and the Zoloti Vorota (Kyiv Metro), Zoloti Vorota station of the Kyiv Metro. History Modern history accepts this gateway as one of three constructed by Yaroslav I the ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Eugene Bolkhovitinov
Meropolitan Eugene (russian: Митрополит Евгений, secular name: Yevfimy Alekseyevich Bolkhovitinov, russian: Евфимий Алексеевич Болховитинов; –) was the Orthodox Metropolitan of Kiev and Galicia from 1822. Best known as an antiquary and book collector, Bolkhovitinov came from a generation of learned Orthodox monks formed by the Russian Enlightenment. The son of a Voronezh priest, Bolkhovitinov attended the Slavic Greek Latin Academy and the Moscow University. As a young man he made his living by translating French books for the Novikov printing house. After his wife died, Bolkhovitinov took the tonsure in 1800 and was made a bishop 4 years later. While living in Novgorod between 1804 and 1808, he published the charter of Mstislav the Great and studied the crypt of the Yuriev Monastery. Though amateur, his archaeological and palaeographical work was highly regarded by a circle of antiquaries close to Count Nikolai Rumyantsev. ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Golden Horde
The Golden Horde, self-designated as Ulug Ulus, 'Great State' in Turkic, was originally a Mongols, Mongol and later Turkicized khanate established in the 13th century and originating as the northwestern sector of the Mongol Empire. With the fragmentation of the Mongol Empire after 1259 it became a functionally separate khanate. It is also known as the Kipchak Khanate or as the Ulus of Jochi, and replaced the earlier less organized Cuman–Kipchak confederation. After the death of Batu Khan (the founder of the Golden Horde) in 1255, his dynasty flourished for a full century, until 1359, though the intrigues of Nogai Khan, Nogai instigated a partial civil war in the late 1290s. The Horde's military power peaked during the reign of Uzbeg Khan (1312–1341), who adopted Islam. The territory of the Golden Horde at its peak extended from Siberia and Central Asia to parts of Eastern Europe from the Ural Mountains, Urals to the Danube in the west, and from the Black Sea to the Caspian ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Batu Khan
Batu Khan ( – 1255),, ''Bat haan'', tt-Cyrl, Бату хан; ; russian: хан Баты́й was a Mongol ruler and founder of the Golden Horde, a constituent of the Mongol Empire. Batu was a son of Jochi, thus a grandson of Genghis Khan. His '' ulus'' ruled over the Kievan Rus', Volga Bulgaria, Cumania, and the Caucasus for around 250 years. Personality and appearance According to Giovanni da Pian del Carpine, Batu was "kind enough to his own people, but he is greatly feared by them. He is, however, most cruel in fight; he is very shrewd and extremely crafty in warfare, for he has been waging war for a long time." William of Rubruck described him as about the height of his lord John de Beaumont and his entire face was covered with reddish spots. Early years After his son Jochi's death, Genghis Khan assigned Jochi's appanages to his sons. The Great Khan installed Batu as Khan of the Golden Horde (also known as the Ulus of Jochi or Kipchak Khanate). Jochi's eldest son, Or ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Andrei I Bogolyubsky
Andrew I (died 28 June 1174), his Russian name in full, Andrey Yuryevich Bogolyubsky "Andrew made Vladimir the centre of the grand principality and placed a series of his relatives on the now secondary princely throne of Kiev. Later he also compelled Novgorod to accept a prince of his choice. In governing his realm, Andrew not only demanded that the subordinate princes obey him but also tried to reduce the traditional political powers of the boyars (i.e., the upper nobility) within his hereditary lands. In response, his embittered courtiers formed a conspiracy and killed him." (russian: Андрей Ю́рьевич Боголюбский, lit. Andrey Yuryevich of Bogolyubovo), was Grand prince of Vladimir-Suzdal from 1157 until his death. Andrey accompanied Yuri I Vladimirovich (Yury Dolgoruky), his father, on a conquest of Kiev, then led the devastation of the same city in 1169, and oversaw the elevation of Vladimir as the new capital of northeastern Rus'. He was canonized ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Vladimir, Russia
Vladimir ( rus, Влади́мир, p=vlɐ'dʲimʲɪr, a=Ru-Владимир.ogg) is a city and the administrative center of Vladimir Oblast, Russia, located on the Klyazma River, east of Moscow. It is served by a railway and the M7 motorway. Population: History Vladimir was one of the medieval capitals of Russia, with significant buildings surviving from the 12th century. Two of its Russian Orthodox cathedrals, a monastery, and associated buildings have been designated as among the White Monuments of Vladimir and Suzdal, a UNESCO World Heritage Site. In the past, the city was also known as Vladimir-on-Klyazma () and Vladimir-Zalessky (), to distinguish it from another Vladimir in Volhynia (modern Ukraine). Foundation The founding date of Vladimir is disputed between 990 and 1108. In the ''Novgorod First Chronicle'', Vladimir is mentioned under the year 1108, and during the Soviet period, this year was decreed to be its foundation year with the view that attributes the fou ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Golden Gate (Constantinople)
The Walls of Constantinople ( el, Τείχη της Κωνσταντινουπόλεως) are a series of defensive stone walls that have surrounded and protected the city of Constantinople (today Istanbul in Turkey) since its founding as the new capital of the Roman Empire by Constantine the Great. With numerous additions and modifications during their history, they were the last great fortification system of antiquity, and one of the most complex and elaborate systems ever built. Initially built by Constantine the Great, the walls surrounded the new city on all sides, protecting it against attack from both sea and land. As the city grew, the famous double line of the Theodosian Walls was built in the 5th century. Although the other sections of the walls were less elaborate, they were, when well-manned, almost impregnable for any medieval besieger. They saved the city, and the Byzantine Empire with it, during sieges by the Avar-Sassanian coalition, Arabs, Rus', and Bulgars ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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