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Golden-eared Tanager
The golden-eared tanager (''Tangara chrysotis'') is a species of bird in the tanager family Thraupidae. It is found in the eastern Andes of Bolivia, Colombia, Ecuador and Peru where its natural habitat is subtropical or tropical moist montane forests. Taxonomy and systematics The golden-eared tanager was first described as ''Calliste chrysotis'' by Bernard du Bus de Gisignies in 1846, on the basis of a specimen collected from Peru. The generic name ''Tangara'' comes from the Tupí word ''tangara'', which means dancer. The specific name ''chrysotis'' is from the Ancient Greek χρυσος (''khrusos''), meaning golden, and ωτις (''otis''), meaning eared. Golden-eared tanager is the official common name designated by the International Ornithologists' Union (IOC). Other names for the species include golden eared tanager. The golden-eared tanager is one of 27 species in the genus '' Tangara''. Within the genus, it is put in a species group with the blue-whiskered tanager, gree ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Bernard Du Bus De Gisignies
Bernard Amé Léonard du Bus de Gisignies (21 June 1808 in Saint-Josse-ten-Noode – 6 July 1874 in Bad Ems) was a Dutch nobleman and later on a Belgium, Belgian politician, ornithologist and paleontologist. He was the second son of Leonard Pierre Joseph du Bus de Gisignies. He married ''Petronilla Truyts'' on 19 May 1845, together they had two children; Viscount Bernard Daniel (Saint-Josse-ten-Noode, 7 October 1832 - City of Brussels, Brussels, 17 February 1917) and Viscount Chretien (Saint-Josse-ten-Noode, 4 November 1845 - Jabbeke, 3 July 1883). He studied law at the State University of Louvain, but soon became more interested in ornithology. In 1835 he presented a manuscript to the The Royal Academies for Science and the Arts of Belgium, Royal Academy of Belgium in which described the bird ''Leptorhynchus pectoralis'' (the banded stilt). He was a member of parliament for Soignies. He became the first director of the Royal Belgian Institute of Natural Sciences in 1846. On ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
International Ornithologists' Union
The International Ornithologists' Union, formerly known as the International Ornithological Committee, is a group of about 200 international ornithologists, and is responsible for the International Ornithological Congress and other international ornithological activities, undertaken by its standing committees. International Ornithological Congress The International Ornithological Congress series forms the oldest and largest international series of meetings of ornithologists. It is organised by the International Ornithologists' Union. The first meeting was in 1884; subsequent meetings were irregular until 1926 since when meetings have been held every four years, except for two missed meetings during and in the immediate aftermath of the Second World War. Meetings See also * '' Birds of the World: Recommended English Names'', a book written by Frank Gill Frank Gill may refer to: * Frank Gill (Australian footballer) (1908–1970), Australian rules footballer with Carlton * Fran ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Birds Of The Northern Andes
Birds are a group of warm-blooded vertebrates constituting the class Aves (), characterised by feathers, toothless beaked jaws, the laying of hard-shelled eggs, a high metabolic rate, a four-chambered heart, and a strong yet lightweight skeleton. Birds live worldwide and range in size from the bee hummingbird to the ostrich. There are about ten thousand living species, more than half of which are passerine, or "perching" birds. Birds have whose development varies according to species; the only known groups without wings are the extinct moa and elephant birds. Wings, which are modified forelimbs, gave birds the ability to fly, although further evolution has led to the loss of flight in some birds, including ratites, penguins, and diverse endemic island species. The digestive and respiratory systems of birds are also uniquely adapted for flight. Some bird species of aquatic environments, particularly seabirds and some waterbirds, have further evolved for swimming. Birds ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Tangara (genus)
''Tangara '' is a large genus of birds of the tanager family. It includes 27 species. All are from the Neotropics, and while most are fairly widespread, some have small distributions and are threatened. They are fairly small, ranging in size from . This genus includes some of the most spectacularly colored birds of the world. Taxonomy and species list The genus ''Tangara'' was introduced by the French zoologist Mathurin Jacques Brisson in 1760 with the paradise tanager (''Tangara chilensis'') as the type species. The name means "dancer" in the extinct Tupi language. The genus formerly included additional species. A molecular phylogenetic study published in 2014 found that many of the members of ''Thraupis'' was embedded within ''Tangara''. In the reorganization to create monophyletic genera, rather than merging ''Thraupis'' into ''Tangara'' to create an unusually large genus with around 58 species, taxonomists chose to split off species from ''Tangara'' into four other genera. T ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Clade
A clade (), also known as a monophyletic group or natural group, is a group of organisms that are monophyletic – that is, composed of a common ancestor and all its lineal descendants – on a phylogenetic tree. Rather than the English term, the equivalent Latin term ''cladus'' (plural ''cladi'') is often used in taxonomical literature. The common ancestor may be an individual, a population, or a species (extinct or extant). Clades are nested, one in another, as each branch in turn splits into smaller branches. These splits reflect evolutionary history as populations diverged and evolved independently. Clades are termed monophyletic (Greek: "one clan") groups. Over the last few decades, the cladistic approach has revolutionized biological classification and revealed surprising evolutionary relationships among organisms. Increasingly, taxonomists try to avoid naming taxa that are not clades; that is, taxa that are not monophyletic. Some of the relationships between organisms ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Sister Species
In phylogenetics, a sister group or sister taxon, also called an adelphotaxon, comprises the closest relative(s) of another given unit in an evolutionary tree. Definition The expression is most easily illustrated by a cladogram: Taxon A and taxon B are sister groups to each other. Taxa A and B, together with any other extant or extinct descendants of their most recent common ancestor (MRCA), form a monophyletic group, the clade AB. Clade AB and taxon C are also sister groups. Taxa A, B, and C, together with all other descendants of their MRCA form the clade ABC. The whole clade ABC is itself a subtree of a larger tree which offers yet more sister group relationships, both among the leaves and among larger, more deeply rooted clades. The tree structure shown connects through its root to the rest of the universal tree of life. In cladistic standards, taxa A, B, and C may represent specimens, species, genera, or any other taxonomic units. If A and B are at the same taxonomic ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Flame-faced Tanager
The flame-faced tanager (''Tangara parzudakii'') is a species of bird in the tanager family Thraupidae. It is endemic to South America and is found in the eastern Andes of Colombia, Ecuador, Peru and Venezuela. Its natural habitat is subtropical or tropical moist montane forests. It is a distinctive-looking species with black and opalescent green upperparts, opalescent green and buff underparts, and a deep red and yellow face. The subspecies ''lunigera'' lacks the deep red on the face, which is replaced with orangish-red. It is omnivorous and feeds on fruit and arthropods. Foraging is conducted nearly exclusively on mossy branches. Breeding occurs in the rainy season. Eggs are laid in clutches of two, and are white with pale brown flecking concentrated on the larger end. Fledglings are fed by both parents. The flame-faced tanager is listed as being of least concern by the International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN) on the IUCN Red List. However, it is facing population ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Saffron-crowned Tanager
The saffron-crowned tanager (''Tangara xanthocephala'') is a species of bird in the family Thraupidae. Found in the northern Andes of Bolivia, Colombia, Ecuador, Peru, and Venezuela, it inhabits cloud forest, forest edges, and secondary forest, preferring areas with mossy trees. It is an average-sized species of tanager with a blue-green body and yellow head with a black forecrown, lores, orbital area, and chin. It forages in pairs or small groups of 3–7 individuals that are part of mixed-species flocks. It is the most frugivorous species in the genus '' Tangara'', although it also feeds on insects. It forms breeding pairs and is thought to be socially monogamous. The only known nest contained a clutch of two eggs. It is listed as being a species of least concern by the International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN) on the IUCN Red List, but may be threatened by habitat destruction. Taxonomy and systematics The saffron-crowned tanager was first described as ''Cal ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Silver-throated Tanager
The silver-throated tanager (''Tangara icterocephala'') is a species of passerine bird in the tanager Family (biology), family Thraupidae. It is found in Costa Rica, Panama, Colombia, Ecuador, and northeastern Peru. It inhabits mossy forests, Montane ecosystems, montane evergreen forests, tropical Upland and lowland, lowland evergreen forests and forest edges, along with tall secondary forests and disturbed habitat with Remnant natural area, remnant trees and forest. It is long and weighs on average, and shows slight sexual dimorphism, with duller female plumage. Adult males are mainly bright yellow, with a silvery-white throat bordered above with a black stripe on the cheeks, black streaking on the back, and green edges to the wings and tail. Juveniles are duller and greener. The silver-throated tanager is Omnivore, omnivorous, and mainly feeds on fruits, especially Melastomataceae, melastomes, supplemented with arthropods. Breeding occurs from April–September, and two Offsp ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Golden Tanager
The golden tanager (''Tangara arthus'') is a species of bird in the family Thraupidae. It is widespread and often common in highland forests of the Andes (from Bolivia and northwards) and Venezuelan Coastal Range in north-western South America. Its plumage is overall golden-yellow with black to the back, wings, tail and ear-coverts. Some subspecies are partially/largely brown below. Taxonomy and systematics The golden tanager was first described as ''Tangara Arthus'' by René Lesson in 1840 on the basis of a specimen from Caracas, Venezuela. The generic name ''Tangara'' comes from the Tupí word ''tangara'', meaning dancer. The specific name ''arthus'' is in honor of Arthus Bertrand, a French bookseller. Golden tanager is the official common name designated by the International Ornithologists' Union (IOC). Other names for the species include "chestnut-breasted tanager". The golden tanager is one of 27 species in the genus '' Tangara''. Within the genus, it is part of a species ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Emerald Tanager
The emerald tanager (''Tangara florida'') is a species of bird in the tanager family Thraupidae. It is found in Colombia, Costa Rica, Ecuador, and Panama. Described by the English ornithologists PL Sclater and Osbert Salvin in 1869, it is a medium-sized species that has a length of and a mass of . It can be identified by its bright green plumage, with black streaking on the back and wings, and a black auricular patch and beak. It also has yellow on the crown and rump. The species shows slight sexual dimorphism, with the females being duller and having yellow-green in place of yellow on the head. The emerald tanager mainly inhabits humid lowland forest, montane evergreen forest, and secondary forest at elevations of but can be found from . It is omnivorous and feeds mainly on fruit, flowers, and flower buds, supplementing its diet with arthropods. It breeds from March to May in Costa Rica and from January to April in Colombia. The emerald tanager makes cup nests out of moss, w ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Green-and-gold Tanager
The green-and-gold tanager (''Tangara schrankii'') is a species of bird in the family Thraupidae, the tanagers. It is one of 27 species in the genus '' Tangara''. It is found in the western and central Amazon Basin in eastern Venezuela, Colombia, Ecuador, Peru, central Bolivia, and northwestern Brazil. Its natural habitats are subtropical or tropical moist lowland forests and subtropical or tropical swamps. Distribution The green-and-gold tanager's range is almost all of the western Amazon Basin to the higher elevation mountain foothills of the eastern Andes. The contiguous range has three extensions; a southerly extension from southern Peru into central Bolivia; it is about 2000 km long and 400 km wide, and in Bolivia covers the upper reaches of tributary rivers to the northeast flowing Madeira River. A 1300 km range extension goes north to the southeastern Venezuela higher elevation border region, from the Rio Negro of the Amazon, beyond the upper reaches of Ven ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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