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Golagrama
Golagrama is a village or region in India associated with several medieval Indian astronomers, astrologers and mathematicians. Presently there is no place bearing the name Golagrama anywhere in India. It is known that Golagrama was situated in Maharashtra State on the northern banks of river Godavari, was near Partha-puri (Pathari) in Maharashtra and was about 320 km away from Amravati town in Maharashtra. It is sometimes identified as a place named ''Golgam'' at latitude 18° N longitude 78° E. The name ''Golagrama'' considered as a word in Sanskrit could literally be translated as ''sphere-village''. Golagrama school of astronomy Several medieval Indian astronomers and mathematicians are known to have flourished in Golagrama. They were all members of one large extended family. The astronomical and mathematical knowledge of the members of this family was passed from generation to generation through teacher-pupil relationships. In nearly all the cases, the teacher would be an ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Nandigrama
Nandigrama is the name of a location, place or region somewhere in Western India where a school of astronomers and mathematicians flourished during the thirteenth-eighteenth centuries CE. David Pingree, one of America's leading historians of the exact sciences (primarily mathematics) in antiquity, identified Nandigrama with Nandod in Gujarat. However, modern scholarship has identified Nandigrama as the Nandgaon village in the Raigad district in Maharashtra State. It lies about 64 km south of Mumbai on the Konkan coast. Astronomers and mathematicians Ganesa Daivajna was an astronomer born in 1507 in Nandigrama. His father Kesava Daivajna and paternal grandfather Kamalakara (not to be confused with Kamalakara of Golagrama) were also eminent astronomers. Kesava has been considered as one of the best observational astronomers of ancient India. Ganesa authored several important treatises and manuals on astronomy and astrology. Some of them are "Grahalaghava," "Laghu- and B ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Dadhigrama
Dadhigrama was a village on the banks of Payosni river in Vidarbha where a school of mathematics and astronomy flourished during the 14th to 19th centuries CE. Cintāmani, a Brahmana of the Devaratragotra, in the middle of the 15th century, Rama (who was patronized by a king of Vidarbha), Trimalla, and Vallala, Munisvara a grandson of Vallala, his son Rama, who wrote a commentary on the Sudhārasasāranī of Ananta (fl. 1525), Ḳrshnạ (fl. 1600–1625) etc. were some of the well-known members of this school of mathematicians. Ranganatha (fl. 1603), another astronomer of the school, wrote Gūḍhārthaprakāśikā, a commentary on the Suryasidhanta. (see p. 388) Known members of the Dadhigrama school of mathematics The known members of this school include the following: *Rama (Sons: Trimalla, Gopiraja) *Trimalla (Son: Vallala) *Vallal (Sons: Rama, Krishna, Govinda, Ranganatha, Mahadeva) *Govinda (Son: Narayana) *Ranganatha (Son: Munisvara) Schools of mathematics Histo ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Jambusagaranagara
Jambusāgaranagara (also written as Jambūsāronagara{{cite book, last=Pingree, first=David, title=Census of the Exact Sciences in Sanskrit, Volume 1, url=https://archive.org/details/censusofexactsci01ping, year=1970, publisher=American Philosophical Society, isbn=978-0-87169-081-4 (see p.81 – 84)) is a place or region in India where a school of astronomers and mathematicians flourished during the fifteenth to eighteenth centuries CE. The location of this place has not been definitely identified. Gangadhara, son of Govardhana and grandson of Divakara and younger brother of Vishnu and Laksmidhara, was a prominent mathematician of the Jambusagaranagara school who wrote Ganitamrtasagari a commentary on Lilavati of Bhaskara II and who flourished around 1420 CE. Govardhana and Divakara were themselves able mathematicians. Schools of mathematics Historians of mathematics have identified several schools of mathematics that flourished in different parts of India during the fourtee ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Gaṇeśa Daivajna
Gaṇeśa Daivajna (born 1507, 1520-1554) was a sixteenth century astronomer, astrologer, and mathematician from western India who wrote books on methods to predict eclipses, planetary conjunctions, positions, and make calculations for calendars. His most major work was the ''Grahalaghava'' which was included ephemeris and calendar calculations. Ganesa was born in Nandigrama (see also Golagrama) where his father Kesava (fl. 1496-1507) was a Brahmin Brahmin (; sa, ब्राह्मण, brāhmaṇa) is a varna as well as a caste within Hindu society. The Brahmins are designated as the priestly class as they serve as priests (purohit, pandit, or pujari) and religious teachers (gur ... astronomer. His mother's name has been noted as Lakshmi and he spent his entire life at Nandigrama. The location of Nandigrama has been suggested by some as being in Gujarat but more careful study of his work places it in Nandgaon in present day Maharashtra. He wrote several works i ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Kamalakara
Kamalakara (1616 – 1700) was an Indian astronomer and mathematician, came from a learned family of scholars from Golagrāma, a village situated in Maharashtra State near Partha-puri (Pathari) on the northern bank of the river Godāvarī. His father was Nrsimha who was born in 1586. Two of Kamalakara's three brothers were also astronomer and mathematicians: Divakara, who was the eldest of the brothers born in 1606, and Ranganatha who was youngest. Kamalākara learnt astronomy from his elder brother Divākara, who compiled five works on astronomy. His family later moved to Vārāṇasī. Major works Kamalākara's major work, "Siddhāntatattvaviveka", was compiled in Varanasi at about 1658 and has been published by Sudhakar Dwivedi in the Vārāṇasī series. This work consists of 13 chapters in 3,024 verses. It deals with the topics of: units of time measurement; mean motions of the planets; true longitudes of the planets; the three problems of diurnal rotation; diameters and d ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
India
India, officially the Republic of India (Hindi: ), is a country in South Asia. It is the seventh-largest country by area, the second-most populous country, and the most populous democracy in the world. Bounded by the Indian Ocean on the south, the Arabian Sea on the southwest, and the Bay of Bengal on the southeast, it shares land borders with Pakistan to the west; China, Nepal, and Bhutan to the north; and Bangladesh and Myanmar to the east. In the Indian Ocean, India is in the vicinity of Sri Lanka and the Maldives; its Andaman and Nicobar Islands share a maritime border with Thailand, Myanmar, and Indonesia. Modern humans arrived on the Indian subcontinent from Africa no later than 55,000 years ago., "Y-Chromosome and Mt-DNA data support the colonization of South Asia by modern humans originating in Africa. ... Coalescence dates for most non-European populations average to between 73–55 ka.", "Modern human beings—''Homo sapiens''—originated in Africa. Then, int ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Daivajna
The Daivadnyas, (also known as Daivadnya Brahmins or Daivadnya Sonars or Konkanastha Rathakara), are a Konkani Gold-smith community, who claim to have descended from Vishwakarma, Hindu architect god and part of larger Vishwakarma community. They are native to the Konkan and are mainly found in the states of Goa and Damaon, Canara (coastal Karnataka), coastal Maharashtra, and Kerala. Daivadnyas are a subgroup of Sonars (Gold Smiths) and hence they are called as Daivadnya Sonars or ''Suvarṇakara'' or simply Sonar. Daivadnya Sonars in Maharashtra claim to be Brahmins and call themselves as Daivadnya Brahmins however this is not accepted by the Brahmins there. The Poona government did not accept the claim either but the Bombay Sonars continued with the claim.However, Oliver Godsmark, a researcher on late colonial and early postcolonial South Asia, considers them a subcaste of the Brahmins that were originally from the coastal regions of Maharashtra, Karnataka and Goa. They a ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Kerala School Of Astronomy And Mathematics
The Kerala school of astronomy and mathematics or the Kerala school was a school of Indian mathematics, mathematics and Indian astronomy, astronomy founded by Madhava of Sangamagrama in Kingdom of Tanur, Tirur, Malappuram district, Malappuram, Kerala, India, which included among its members: Parameshvara, Neelakanta Somayaji, Jyeshtadeva, Achyuta Pisharati, Melpathur Narayana Bhattathiri and Achyuta Panikkar. The school flourished between the 14th and 16th centuries and the original discoveries of the school seems to have ended with Melpathur Narayana Bhattathiri, Narayana Bhattathiri (1559–1632). In attempting to solve astronomical problems, the Kerala school independently discovered a number of important mathematical concepts. Their most important results—series expansion for trigonometric functions—were described in Sanskrit verse in a book by Neelakanta called ''Tantrasangraha'', and again in a commentary on this work, called ''Tantrasangraha-vakhya'', of unknown author ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Vidarbha
Vidarbha (Pronunciation: Help:IPA/Marathi, [ʋid̪əɾbʱə]) is a geographical region in the east of the Indian state of Maharashtra and a Proposed states and union territories of India#Maharashtra, proposed state of central India, comprising the state's Amravati Division, Amravati and Nagpur Division, Nagpur divisions. Amravati Division's former name is Berar Province, Berar (Varhad in Marathi language, Marathi). It occupies 31.6% of the total area and holds 21.3% of the total population of Maharashtra. It borders the state of Madhya Pradesh to the north, Chhattisgarh to the east, Telangana to the south and Marathwada and North Maharashtra regions of Maharashtra to the west. Situated in central India. The largest city in Vidarbha is Nagpur followed by Amravati, Akola, and Chandrapur. A majority of Vidarbhians speak Varhadi and Zadi dialects of Marathi. The Nagpur region is known for growing Orange (fruit), oranges and cotton. Vidarbha holds two-thirds of Maharashtra's mineral re ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Benares
Varanasi (; ; also Banaras or Benares (; ), and Kashi.) is a city on the Ganges river in northern India that has a central place in the traditions of pilgrimage, death, and mourning in the Hindu world. * * * * The city has a syncretic tradition of Muslim artisanship that underpins its religious tourism. * * * * * Located in the middle-Ganges valley in the southeastern part of the state of Uttar Pradesh, Varanasi lies on the left bank of the river. It is to the southeast of India's capital New Delhi and to the east of the state capital, Lucknow. It lies downstream of Allahabad (officially Prayagraj), where the confluence with the Yamuna river is another major Hindu pilgrimage site. Varanasi is one of the world's oldest continually inhabited cities. Kashi, its ancient name, was associated with a kingdom of the same name of 2,500 years ago. The Lion capital of Ashoka at nearby Sarnath has been interpreted to be a commemoration of the Buddha's first sermon there in ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Extended Family
An extended family is a family that extends beyond the nuclear family of parents and their children to include aunts, uncles, grandparents, cousins or other relatives, all living nearby or in the same household. Particular forms include the stem and joint families. Description In some circumstances, the extended family comes to live either with or in place of a member of the immediate family. These families include, in one household or close proximity, relatives in addition to an immediate family. An example would be an elderly parent who moves in with his or her children due to old age. In modern Western cultures dominated by immediate family constructs, the term has come to be used generically to refer to grandparents, uncles, aunts, and cousins, whether they live together within the same household or not. However, it may also refer to a family unit in which several generations live together within a single household. In some cultures, the term is used synonymously with consang ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Astronomer
An astronomer is a scientist in the field of astronomy who focuses their studies on a specific question or field outside the scope of Earth. They observe astronomical objects such as stars, planets, natural satellite, moons, comets and galaxy, galaxies – in either observational astronomy, observational (by analyzing the data) or theoretical astronomy. Examples of topics or fields astronomers study include planetary science, Sun, solar astronomy, the Star formation, origin or stellar evolution, evolution of stars, or the galaxy formation and evolution, formation of galaxies. A related but distinct subject is physical cosmology, which studies the Universe as a whole. Types Astronomers usually fall under either of two main types: observational astronomy, observational and theoretical astronomy, theoretical. Observational astronomers make direct observations of Astronomical object, celestial objects and analyze the data. In contrast, theoretical astronomers create and investigate C ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
