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Gilde Van Vrijwillige Molenaars
The Gilde van Vrijwillige Molenaars ( en, Guild of Volunteer Millers) is a Dutch society of volunteer millers who operate many of the Dutch wind- and watermills. The main goal of the society is to help with the preservation of Dutch windmills by training new millers to run wind- and watermills on a voluntary basis. History The number of windmills in the Netherlands had been declining since their task was being taken over by steam, diesel and electric powered machinery against which they could not compete. Attempts to protect and modernise windmills by De Hollandsche Molen in the first half of the twentieth century had slowed the decline somewhat until by the 1960s funds became available for the restoration, repair and upkeep to save the remaining windmills. It had however become very difficult to impossible to commercially operate a mill and the number of aging professional millers rapidly declined threatening the loss of miller skills and knowledge and condemning functional mil ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Miller
A miller is a person who operates a Gristmill, mill, a machine to grind a grain (for example corn or wheat) to make flour. Mill (grinding), Milling is among the oldest of human occupations. "Miller", "Milne" and other variants are common surnames, as are their equivalents in other languages around the world ("Melnyk (surname), Melnyk" in Russian language, Russian, Belorussian language, Belorussian & Ukrainian language, Ukrainian, "Meunier (other), Meunier" in French language, French, "Müller (surname), Müller" or "Mueller (surname), Mueller" in German language, German, "Mulder" and "Molenaar" in Dutch language, Dutch, "Molnár" in Hungarian language, Hungarian, "Molinero" in Spanish language, Spanish, "Molinaro" or "Molinari" in Italian language, Italian etc.). Milling existed in hunter-gatherer communities, and later millers were important to the history of agriculture, development of agriculture. The materials ground by millers are often foodstuffs and particularly c ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Windmill
A windmill is a structure that converts wind power into rotational energy using vanes called windmill sail, sails or blades, specifically to mill (grinding), mill grain (gristmills), but the term is also extended to windpumps, wind turbines, and other applications, in some parts of the English speaking world. The term wind engine is sometimes used to describe such devices. Windmills were used throughout the High Middle Ages, high medieval and early modern periods; the horizontal or panemone windmill first appeared in Persia during the 9th century, and the vertical windmill first appeared in northwestern Europe in the 12th century. Regarded as an icon of Culture of the Netherlands, Dutch culture, there are approximately 1,000 windmills in the Netherlands today. Forerunners Wind-powered machines may have been known earlier, but there is no clear evidence of windmills before the 9th century. Hero of Alexandria (Heron) in first-century Roman Egypt described what appears to be a ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Watermills
A watermill or water mill is a mill that uses hydropower. It is a structure that uses a water wheel or water turbine to drive a mechanical process such as milling (grinding), rolling, or hammering. Such processes are needed in the production of many material goods, including flour, lumber, paper, textiles, and many metal products. These watermills may comprise gristmills, sawmills, paper mills, textile mills, hammermills, trip hammering mills, rolling mills, wire drawing mills. One major way to classify watermills is by wheel orientation (vertical or horizontal), one powered by a vertical waterwheel through a gear mechanism, and the other equipped with a horizontal waterwheel without such a mechanism. The former type can be further divided, depending on where the water hits the wheel paddles, into undershot, overshot, breastshot and pitchback (backshot or reverse shot) waterwheel mills. Another way to classify water mills is by an essential trait about their location: tide mills ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Windmills In The Netherlands
Windmills are known worldwide as an iconic symbol of Dutch culture. Some 1,200 historic windmills survive, most of which are gristmills or polder mills. Many remain fully functional, and their upkeep and operation is promoted by a number of civic organizations, including ''De Hollandsche Molen'', '' Gilde van Vrijwillige Molenaars'' and ''Stichting De Fryske Mole''. Several Dutch villages are known for their concentration of windmills, including Kinderdijk, Zaanse Schans, and Schiedam, home to the tallest windmill in the world. Tjaskers, a kind of windmill native to Friesland, were also used for water management. This list of windmills in the Netherlands is grouped by province. Flevoland, the Netherlands' newest province, is not included. Types of Dutch windmills include: File:Sprang - molen Dye Sprancke.jpg, ''Standerdmolen'' (post mill) File:Wipmolen.jpg, ''Wipmolen'' File:Molen Heechhiem 01.JPG, ''Spinnenkopmolen'' ("Spider's head") File:20080606 Tjasker Meestersveen Zeijen NL. ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
De Hollandsche Molen
Vereniging De Hollandsche Molen () ( en, Dutch Windmill Association) is a Dutch organization founded in 1923 to preserve windmills in the Netherlands, to document them, and to restore them. Financial support comes from members and from grants by organizations such as the (a Dutch lottery). Their website provides access to a database which documents some 1400 mills in the Netherlands; "Het Nederlands Molenbestand" is authoritative on the topic. The organization is often given credit for organizing a powerful and effective lobby aimed at procuring money from Dutch government institutions to fund restoration projects. Its former president Frederik Stokhuyzen was one of the foremost scholars on Dutch windmills; a recently revised edition of his 1961 book ''Molens'' is still the standard book on the topic. In 1981, Prince Claus of the Netherlands became the organization's patron, and attended ten ceremonies at which windmills were reopened; at his death in 2002 the 12 windmills owned ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Friesland
Friesland (, ; official fry, Fryslân ), historically and traditionally known as Frisia, is a province of the Netherlands located in the country's northern part. It is situated west of Groningen, northwest of Drenthe and Overijssel, north of Flevoland, northeast of North Holland, and south of the Wadden Sea. As of January 2020, the province had a population of 649,944 and a total area of . The province is divided into 18 municipalities. The capital and seat of the provincial government is the city of Leeuwarden (West Frisian: ''Ljouwert'', Liwwaddes: ''Liwwadde''), a city with 123,107 inhabitants. Other large municipalities in Friesland are Sneek (pop. 33,512), Heerenveen (pop. 50,257), and Smallingerland (includes city of Drachten, pop. 55,938). Since 2017, Arno Brok is the King's Commissioner in the province. A coalition of the Christian Democratic Appeal, the People's Party for Freedom and Democracy, the Labour Party, and the Frisian National Party forms the executive ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Gild Fryske Mounders
The Gild Fryske Mounders ( eng, Frisian Millers Guild) is an association of volunteer millers operating windmills in the Dutch province Friesland Friesland (, ; official fry, Fryslân ), historically and traditionally known as Frisia, is a province of the Netherlands located in the country's northern part. It is situated west of Groningen, northwest of Drenthe and Overijssel, north of .... Its goal is to preserve and spread miller knowledge and skills to ensure the availability of enough millers who can responsibly operate all functional windmills in Frisia. For this purpose it offers a volunteer miller training program. Furthermore, it organises the ''Frisian mills day'', excursions and together with De Fryske Mole ( en, Frisian Mills Foundation) publishes a quarterly magazine ''De Utskoat'' . History The ''Gild Fryske Mounders'' (Frisian Guild) was founded in 1975 when it broke away from the Gilde van Vrijwillige Molenaars ( en, Volunteer Millers Guild), mostly out of ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Guilds In The Netherlands
A guild ( ) is an association of artisans and merchants who oversee the practice of their craft/trade in a particular area. The earliest types of guild formed as organizations of tradesmen belonging to a professional association. They sometimes depended on grants of letters patent from a monarch or other ruler to enforce the flow of trade to their self-employed members, and to retain ownership of tools and the supply of materials, but were mostly regulated by the city government. A lasting legacy of traditional guilds are the guildhalls constructed and used as guild meeting-places. Guild members found guilty of cheating the public would be fined or banned from the guild. Typically the key "privilege" was that only guild members were allowed to sell their goods or practice their skill within the city. There might be controls on minimum or maximum prices, hours of trading, numbers of apprentices, and many other things. These rules reduced free competition, but sometimes maintained ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
