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Giacomo II Crispo
Giacomo II Crispo (or Jacopo) (d. 1447) was the thirteenth Duke of the Archipelago, etc., from 1433 to 1447. He was the son of twelfth Duke John II Crispo and ''Nobil Donna'' Francesca Morosini, Patrizia Veneta. He was a minor when he succeeded to the throne, and during his minority, he was under the guardianship of his mother Francesca, described as a "masterful woman", who continued to influence in the affairs of state during the reign of her son and grandson until the accession of William II to the throne in 1453, while the Duchy was ruled by his uncles William and Nicholas. The reign of Giacomo II was reportedly a peaceful and prosperous one, as the Ottomans were occupied in Hungary, and Venice included the Duchy in their protection in their peace treaty with the Ottomans in 1446.Miller, William. The Latins in the Levant: A History of Frankish Greece (1204–1566). London: 1908. He married in 1444 Ginevra Gattilusio, daughter of Dorino I of Lesbos, and wife Orietta Dor ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Crispi Coat Of Arms
Francesco Crispi (4 October 1818 – 11 August 1901) was an Italian patriot and statesman. He was among the main protagonists of the Risorgimento, a close friend and supporter of Giuseppe Mazzini and Giuseppe Garibaldi, and one of the architects of Italian unification in 1860.Nation-building in 19th-century Italy: the case of Francesco Crispi Christopher Duggan, History Today, 1 February 2002 Crispi served as for six years, from 1887 to 1891, and again from 1893 to 1896, and was the first Prime Minister from Southern Italy. Crispi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Duke Of The Archipelago
The Duchy of the Archipelago ( el, Δουκάτο του Αρχιπελάγους, it, Ducato dell'arcipelago), also known as Duchy of Naxos or Duchy of the Aegean, was a maritime state created by Venetian interests in the Cyclades archipelago in the Aegean Sea, in the aftermath of the Fourth Crusade, centered on the islands of Naxos and Paros. It included all the Cyclades (except Mykonos and Tinos). In 1537, it became a tributary of the Ottoman Empire, and was annexed by the Ottomans in 1579; however, Christian rule survived in islands such as Sifnos (conquered by the Ottomans in 1617) and Tinos (conquered in 1715). Background and establishment of the Duchy The Italian city-states, especially the Republic of Genoa, Pisa, and Venice, had been interested in the islands of the Aegean long before the Fourth Crusade. There were Italian trading colonies in Constantinople and Italian pirates frequently attacked settlements in the Aegean in the 12th century. After the collapse and part ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
John II Crispo
John II Crispo (or ''Giovanni''; d. 1433) was the twelfth Duke of the Archipelago, etc., from 1418 to 1433, son of the tenth Duke Francesco I Crispo and wife Fiorenza I Sanudo, Lady of Milos and brother of Giacomo I and William II. He married ca. 1420 ''Nobil Donna'' Francesca Morosini, Patrizia Veneta (–1455), and had three children: * Adriana Crispo, married to Domenico Sommaripa (–1466) * Giacomo II Crispo Giacomo II Crispo (or Jacopo) (d. 1447) was the thirteenth Duke of the Archipelago, etc., from 1433 to 1447. He was the son of twelfth Duke John II Crispo and ''Nobil Donna'' Francesca Morosini, Patrizia Veneta. He was a minor when he succeede ... * Caterina Crispo (d. before 1454), unmarried and without issue References Crispo family 1433 deaths John 02 John 02 15th-century dukes in Europe 15th-century Venetian people {{Italy-noble-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Francesca Morosini
Francesca Morosini ( fl. 1454), was a Duchess consort of Naxos by marriage to John II Crispo. She served as guardian of her son Giacomo II Crispo from 1433 during his minority . She was described as a "masterful woman", who continued to influence in the affairs of state during the reign of her son and grandson until the accession of William II to the throne in 1453. In 1447, she claimed the post of regent for her grandson Gian Giacomo, but Niccolo of Syra and Santorin and William of Anaphe had her imprisoned and resumed regency with the support of Venice. When Niccolo died, Francesca Morosini, the archbishop and the Naxians elected his son Francesco in his place in the regency and successfully asked Venice to ratify it. After the succession of William II in 1453, the dowager duchess Francesca retired to Venice after having founded the church and monastery of St Antonio, bestowed to the Knights of St John in 1452.Miller, William. The Latins in the Levant: A History of Frankish ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Patrician (post-Roman Europe)
Patricianship, the quality of belonging to a patriciate, began in the ancient world, where cities such as Ancient Rome had a social class of patrician families, whose members were initially the only people allowed to exercise many political functions. In the rise of European towns in the 12th and 13th century, the patriciate, a limited group of families with a special constitutional position, in Henri Pirenne's view, was the motive force. In 19th century Central Europe, the term had become synonymous with the upper Bourgeoisie and cannot be interchanged with the medieval patriciate in Central Europe. In German-speaking parts of Europe as well as in the maritime republics of the Italian Peninsula, the patricians were as a matter of fact the ruling body of the medieval town. Particularly in Italy, they were part of the nobility. With the establishment of the medieval towns, Italian city-states and maritime republics, the patriciate was a formally-defined social class of govern ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Republic Of Venice
The Republic of Venice ( vec, Repùblega de Venèsia) or Venetian Republic ( vec, Repùblega Vèneta, links=no), traditionally known as La Serenissima ( en, Most Serene Republic of Venice, italics=yes; vec, Serenìsima Repùblega de Venèsia, links=no), was a sovereign state and Maritime republics, maritime republic in parts of present-day Italy (mainly Northern Italy, northeastern Italy) that existed for 1100 years from AD 697 until AD 1797. Centered on the Venetian Lagoon, lagoon communities of the prosperous city of Venice, it incorporated numerous Stato da Màr, overseas possessions in modern Croatia, Slovenia, Montenegro, Greece, Albania and Cyprus. The republic grew into a Economic history of Venice, trading power during the Middle Ages and strengthened this position during the Renaissance. Citizens spoke the still-surviving Venetian language, although publishing in (Florentine) Italian became the norm during the Renaissance. In its early years, it prospered on the salt ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
William II Crispo
William II Crispo (''Guglielmo'' in Italian; 1390–1463) was the fifteenth Duke of the Archipelago, from 1453 to 1463. He was the son of the tenth Duke Francesco I Crispo and wife Fiorenza I Sanudo, Lady of Milos. Reign William had just taken control of the Duchy when Constantinople fell to the Ottomans. As a citizen of Venice, he had himself included in the treaty between Venice and the Ottoman Empire, which provided him with a measure of protection. He also signed a treaty with Sultan Mehmed II that recognized him as Duke and to live in peace and harmony with the Porte; he also received the right to fly the flag of St. Mark in his realm. Nevertheless, eventually Sultan Mehmed pressured him into paying tribute to him, and it was only by bowing to the Sultan's demands that William was able to hold on to his realm until his death.Franz Babinger, ''Mehmed the Conqueror and His Time'', edited by William C. Hickman and translated by Ralph Manheim (Princeton: University Press, 197 ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Nicholas Crispo, Lord Of Syros
Nicholas Crispo, Patrizio Veneto (or ''Niccolò''; 1392–1450), became Lord of Syros in 1420 and Regent of the Duchy of the Archipelago between 1447 and 1450. He was a son of Francesco I Crispo, tenth Duke of the Archipelago, and wife Fiorenza I Sanudo, Lady of Milos, and brother of Dukes Giacomo I, John II and William II. Marriage and issue It is not known for certain how many wives he had. In a letter dated 1426 Crispo says he was married to the daughter of Jacopo Gattilusio, lord of Lesbos. In a 1474 chronicle by the Venetian traveller Caterino Zeno it is said that he was married to an Eudoksia Valenza, of whom there is no other mention in any source. Although Zeno claims that she was a daughter of John IV of Trebizond, this has been disproved by historiographical research, which has shown that John had an only daughter, Theodora Despina (married to Uzun Hassan of Ak Koyunlu). Alternative identities have been proposed for Valenza: whether it was the name of Gattilusio's ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Dorino I Of Lesbos
Dorino Gattilusio (died 30 June 1455) was the fourth Gattilusio Lord of Lesbos from 1428 until his death. He ruled Lesbos at a time of increasing Ottoman power, and his last years were preoccupied with maintaining some measure of independence. Life He was the second son of Francesco II Gattilusio and Valentina Doria. Dorino succeeded his older brother Jacopo Gattilusio in 1428. Prior to that he had been governor of Phocaea for several years, at least as early as 1423-4. Soon after he assumed control of Lesbos, he informed Genoa that he wished to be part of their 1428 treaty with Alfonso V of Aragon. This led to his participation in the Genoese war with Venice over the next few years. Around 1438, apparently through the efforts of the Byzantine Empress Maria, Dorino's daughter Maria was married to Alexander of Trebizond, the exiled ''despotes'' of Trebziond, thus pulling Dornio into the politics of that Pontic state. According to Pero Tafur who met the exile at Mytilene on his h ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Doria (family)
The House of Doria ( lij, Döia ) originally ''de Auria'' (from ''de filiis Auriae''), meaning "the sons of Auria", and then ''de Oria'' or ''d'Oria'', is an old and extremely wealthy Genoese family who played a major role in the history of the Republic of Genoa and in Italy, from the 12th century to the 16th century. Numerous members of the dynasty ruled the republic first as Capitano del popolo and later as Doge. Origins According to legend, a noble Genoese lady named Auria or Oria della Volta fell in love with a noble pilgrim who was going to Jerusalem for the First Crusade; his name was Arduino di Narbonne but their children were named after the mother—''de Oria'', the children of Oria. Arduino was a typical name of the Arduinici family of the Piemonte, some of whose members bore the title of Counts of Auriate; one might then speculate that one of the Arduinici of Auriate gave origin to this family, which suddenly appears in history as a local major power in Liguria in th ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Dorino II Of Ainos
Dorino II Gattilusio (died ''circa'' 1488) was the Lord of Ainos, Samothrace and Imbros from 1455 to January 1456. He was the second son of Palamede Gattilusio. History Upon his father's death, Dorino seized all of his father's properties as his own, despite the rights of his older brother's widow and children by primogeniture. The widow attempted a peaceful resolution, but when Dorino refused to negotiate she sent her uncle to petition the Ottoman Sultan Mehmed II for help. This, along with complaints from the Turkish judges of Ipsala and Ferrai ( Ferecik) induced the Sultan to take action: 24 January 1456 he led an army by land on the city while his admiral Yunus Pasha established a blockade with a squadron of 10 ships. At the time Dorino was absent from Ainos, wintering on Samothrace. Without their master, the inhabitants of Ainos negotiated their surrender to the Sultan. After accepting the surrender of Ainos, Mehmed II then sent Yunus Pasha to seize Samothrace and Imbros; ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Gian Giacomo Crispo
Gian Giacomo Crispo (1446–1453) was the fourteenth Duke of the Archipelago, etc., from 1447 to 1453, son of the thirteenth Duke Giacomo II Crispo and Ginevra Gattilusio. Life He was born six weeks after the death of his father, succeeded him as an infant, and thus needed a regency during his minority. His paternal grandmother dowager Duchess Francesca Morosini, who had exercised great influence during the regency of his father, claimed the regency, but Niccolo of Syra and Santorin and William of Anaphe had her imprisoned and resumed regency with the support of Venice. When Niccolo died, Francesca Morosini, the archbishop and the Naxians elected his son Francesco in his place in the regency and successfully asked Venice to ratify it. He died at only age six or seven. In accordance with the marriage contract of his paternal aunt Adriana Crispo, spouse of Domenico Sommaripa of Andros, she would succeed her brother if he died without heirs, making her the legal hair of her nephew. H ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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