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German Party (Slovakia)
The German Party (german: Deutsche Partei, abbreviated DP) was a Nazi political party active amongst the German minority in Slovakia from 1938 to 1945. History The party was formed on October 8, 1938, as a successor to the Carpathian German Party (KdP). Franz Karmasin, a member of the Czechoslovak Chamber of Deputies, led the party, holding the title of '' Volksgruppeführer''. DP functioned as the referent in Slovakia for the German People's Group in Czecho-Slovakia (DVG), the successor organization of the Sudeten German Party founded on October 30, 1938. The party published ''Grenzbote'' and ''Deutschen Stimmen'' from Bratislava. Organizationally, DP was modelled after the NSDAP in Germany, following the ''Führer principle''. It used the swastika as its symbol and Horst-Wessel-Lied as its anthem. The DP youth wing was known as 'German Youth' (''Deutsche Jugend'') and maintained a paramilitary wing called '' Freiwillige Schutzstaffel''. Politically DP strove to foster homogenous ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Franz Karmasin
Franz Karmasin (2 September 1901 – 25 June 1970) was an ethnic German politician in Czechoslovakia, who helped found the Carpathian German Party. During World War II he was state secretary of German affairs in the Slovak Republic, and rose to the rank of SS-Sturmbannführer. Tried ''in absentia'' and sentenced to death, he fled to West Germany where until his death he was active in the '' Witikobund'', a right-wing extremist organization that claimed to represent Sudeten Germans. Youth Karmasin was born on 2 September 1901 in Olomouc, a city formerly inhabited mostly by Germans, which only acquired a Czech majority after the fall of the Austro-Hungarian Empire in 1918. His father was a railway official from Brno. He attended the agricultural college in Děčín (1919–1923), and obtained an engineering degree. Karmasin did military service 1923–1924 at Hodonín and a military hospital in Olomouc. Between 1924 and 1926 he held different jobs in North Moravia and B ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Bratislava
Bratislava (, also ; ; german: Preßburg/Pressburg ; hu, Pozsony) is the Capital city, capital and largest city of Slovakia. Officially, the population of the city is about 475,000; however, it is estimated to be more than 660,000 — approximately 140% of the official figures. Bratislava is in southwestern Slovakia at the foot of the Little Carpathians, occupying both banks of the River Danube and the left bank of the Morava (river), River Morava. Bordering Austria and Hungary, it is the only national capital that borders two sovereign states. The city's history has been influenced by people of many nations and religions, including Austrians, Bulgarians, Croats, Czechs, Germans, Hungarian people, Hungarians, Jews, Romani people, Romani, Serbs and Slovaks. It was the coronation site and legislative center and capital of the Kingdom of Hungary from 1536 to 1783; eleven King of Hungary, Hungarian kings and eight queens were crowned in St Martin's Cathedral, Bratislava, St Martin' ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Adalbert Gabriel
Adalbert Gabriel (5 April 1907 – 1958) was a Zipser German physician and politician. Biography Gabriel was born on 5 April 1907 in Zipser Bela. He was the son of a trader. He received his middle and secondary schooling in Käsmark. He went on to study Medicine in Prague. He studied two semesters at the ''Institut für Grenz- und Auslanddeutschtum'' in Marburg. Soon after passing his matriculation exams, Gabriel emerged as a political activist. In Zipser German politics of the interbellum years, Gabriel represented a younger generation criticizing the traditional pro-Magyar position of the community. He was a key leader of the movement in Löwenberg in Schlesien. In 1927 he became a member of the Carpathian German People's Council. In the run-up to the 1929 Czechoslovak parliamentary election Gabriel was a founding member of the Carpathian German Party. Following the 1938 Munich Agreement Gabriel was named as District Leader of the German Party in the Zips autonomous distri ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Josef Steinhübl
Josef Steinhübl (26 March 1902 – 18 April 1984) was a German politician and Catholic priest. Steinhübl was born on 26 March 1902 in Deutsch-Proben. He lost his father at the age of three. He studied at Roman Catholic secondary school in Prievidza 1912–1918, and went on the study theology 1920–1921 at the University of Brno faculty in Olomouc and 1921–1925 in Prague. He did his military service 1923–1924. Steinhübl was ordained in 1925. Until 1928 he served as pastor in Kremnické Bane (Hauerland), then in Sohler-Lipcse (Banská Bystrica) 1928–1932, in Münnichwies (Hauerland) 1932–1936 and from 1936 to 1940 in Handlová. He joined the Carpathian German Party (KdP) and served as head of the party (''Landschaftsleiter'') in Hauerland between 1934 and 1938. When the KdP moved towards Nazism under Franz Karmasin, Steinhübl stood out as the sole KdP leader that publicly criticized the introduction of the Führer principle (albeit in vague terms). Steinhübl an ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Slovak People's Party
Hlinka's Slovak People's Party ( sk, Hlinkova slovenská ľudová strana), also known as the Slovak People's Party (, SĽS) or the Hlinka Party, was a far-right clerico-fascist political party with a strong Catholic fundamentalist and authoritarian ideology. Its members were often called (Ľudáks, singular: ). The party arose at a time when Slovakia was still part of Austria-Hungary and fought for democratic liberties, the independence and sovereignty of Slovakia, and against the influence of liberalism. After the formation of Czechoslovakia, the party preserved its conservative ideology, opposing Czechoslovakism and demanding Slovak autonomy. In the second half of the 1930s, the rise of totalitarian regimes in Europe and the party's inability to achieve long-term political objectives caused a loss of the party's faith in democratic procedures and saw the party turn towards more radical and extremist ideologies such as fascism. After a merger with other parties in November ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Zipser German Party
The Zipser German Party (german: Zipser deutsche Partei) was a party of the First Czechoslovak Republic founded at Kežmarok on 20–22 March 1920 aiming for the representation of the Zipser Germans minority in Czechoslovakia. In 1924, it was a member of the ''Arbeitsgemeinschaft der Deutschen Parteien in der Slowakei'' with the German National Party, the Farmers' League, the German Business Party and the German section of the Hungarian-German Provincial Christian-Socialist Party but not with the Hungarian-German Social Democratic Party nor with the Slovak section of the German Social Democratic Workers Party in the Czechoslovak Republic. Its member of Parliament was, from 1925 to 1939, Andor Nitsch Andor may refer to: * ''Andor'' (TV series), a television series in the ''Star Wars'' universe **Cassian Andor, the titular character * Andor (''Wheel of Time''), a country in Robert Jordan's ''The Wheel of Time'' novels * Andor Technology, a ... (1883–1976). [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Carpathian German
Carpathian Germans (german: Karpatendeutsche, Mantaken, hu, kárpátnémetek or ''felvidéki németek'', sk, karpatskí Nemci) are a group of ethnic Germans. The term was coined by the historian Raimund Friedrich Kaindl (1866–1930), originally generally referring to the German-speaking population of the area around the Carpathian Mountains: the Cisleithanian (Austrian) crown lands of Galicia and Bukovina, as well as the Hungarian half of the Austro-Hungarian monarchy (including Szepes County), and the northwestern ( Maramuresch) region of Romania. Since the First World War, only the Germans of Slovakia (the Slovak Germans or ''Slowakeideutsche'', including the Zipser Germans) and those of Carpathian Ruthenia in Ukraine have commonly been called ''Carpathian Germans''. Kingdom of Hungary Germans settled in the northern territory of the medieval Kingdom of Hungary (then called Upper Hungary, today mostly Slovakia) from the 12th to the 15th centuries (''see Ostsiedlung''), mostl ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Horst-Wessel-Lied
The "" ("Horst Wessel Song"; ), also known by its opening words "" ("Raise the Flag", ), was the anthem of the Nazi Party (NSDAP) from 1930 to 1945. From 1933 to 1945, the Nazis made it the co-national anthem of Germany, along with the first stanza of the "". The "" has been banned in Germany and Austria since the end of World War II. History The lyrics to "Horst-Wessel-Lied" were written in 1929 by ''Sturmführer'' Horst Wessel, the commander of the Nazi paramilitary "Brownshirts" (''Sturmabteilung'' or "SA") in the Friedrichshain district of Berlin. Wessel wrote songs for the SA in conscious imitation of the Communist paramilitary, the Red Front Fighters' League, to provoke them into attacking his troops, and to keep up the spirits of his men. Horst Wessel Wessel was the son of a pastor and educated at degree level, but was employed as a construction worker. He became notorious among the Communists when he led a number of SA attacks into the Fischerkiez, an extremely p ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Swastika
The swastika (卐 or 卍) is an ancient religious and cultural symbol, predominantly in various Eurasian, as well as some African and American cultures, now also widely recognized for its appropriation by the Nazi Party and by neo-Nazis. It continues to be used as a symbol of divinity and spirituality in Indian religions, including Hinduism, Buddhism, and Jainism. It generally takes the form of a cross, the arms of which are of equal length and perpendicular to the adjacent arms, each bent midway at a right angle. The word ''swastika'' comes from sa, स्वस्तिक, svastika, meaning "conducive to well-being". In Hinduism, the right-facing symbol (clockwise) () is called ', symbolizing ("sun"), prosperity and good luck, while the left-facing symbol (counter-clockwise) () is called ''sauwastika'', symbolising night or tantric aspects of Kali. In Jain symbolism, it represents Suparshvanathathe seventh of 24 Tirthankaras (spiritual teachers and savio ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
NSDAP
The Nazi Party, officially the National Socialist German Workers' Party (german: Nationalsozialistische Deutsche Arbeiterpartei or NSDAP), was a far-right politics, far-right political party in Germany active between 1920 and 1945 that created and supported the ideology of Nazism. Its precursor, the German Workers' Party (; DAP), existed from 1919 to 1920. The Nazi Party emerged from the Extremism, extremist German nationalism, German nationalist, racism, racist and populism, populist paramilitary culture, which fought against the communism, communist uprisings in post–World War I Germany. The party was created to draw workers away from communism and into nationalism. Initially, Nazi political strategy focused on anti–big business, anti-bourgeoisie, bourgeois, and anti-capitalism, anti-capitalist rhetoric. This was later downplayed to gain the support of business leaders, and in the 1930s, the party's main focus shifted to Antisemitism, antisemitic and Criticism of ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Sudeten German Party
The Sudeten German Party (german: Sudetendeutsche Partei, SdP, cs, Sudetoněmecká strana) was created by Konrad Henlein under the name ''Sudetendeutsche Heimatfront'' ("Front of the Sudeten German Homeland") on 1 October 1933, some months after the First Czechoslovak Republic had outlawed the German National Socialist Workers' Party (''Deutsche Nationalsozialistische Arbeiterpartei'', DNSAP). In April 1935, the party was renamed ''Sudetendeutsche Partei'' following a mandatory demand of the Czechoslovak government. The name was officially changed to Sudeten German and Carpathian German Party (''Sudetendeutsche und Karpatendeutsche Partei'') in November 1935. With the rising power of Nazi Party in Germany, the Sudeten German Party became a major pro-Nazi force in Czechoslovakia with the explicit official aim of breaking the country up and joining it to the Third Reich. By June 1938, the party had over 1.3 million members, i.e. 40.6% of ethnic-German citizens of Czechoslovakia. ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Carpathian German Party
The Carpathian German Party (german: Karpatendeutsche Partei, abbreviated KdP) was a political party in Czechoslovakia, active amongst the Carpathian German minority of Slovakia and Subcarpathian Rus'. It began as a bourgeois centrist party, but after teaming up with the Sudeten German Party in 1933 it developed in a National Socialist orientation. ''Karpathendeutsche Volksgemeinschaft'' The KdP originated in 1927 as the ''Karpathendeutsche Volksgemeinschaft'' (KDV, 'Carpathian German Ethnic Community'), founded by men like Dr. Roland Steinacker (a professor in Theology from Bratislava), the Sudeten German industrialist Karl Manouschek, Dr. Samuel Früwirt, Carl Eugen Schmidt (a Protestant pastor) and the engineer Franz Karmasin. The KDV was based mainly in Bratislava and surroundings, and gathered its members from the German bourgeouise and sympathizers of various political parties (like the Farmers' League, the German National Party and the German Democratic Progressive Part ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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