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George II Boleslaw
Yuri II Boleslav ( uk, Юрій-Болеслав Тройденович, translit=Yurii-Boleslav Troidenovych; pl, Bolesław Jerzy II; c. 1305/1310 – April 7, 1340), was King of Ruthenia and Dominus of the lands of Galicia–Volhynia (1325-1340). A foreigner and a Catholic by birth, he was the son of Trojden I, Duke of Masovia and a member of the Polish Piast dynasty. Highly unpopular in Orthodox Ruthenia, his murder prompted a war of succession, known as the Galicia–Volhynia Wars. Biography Bolesław was born between 1305 and 1310 to Trojden I of Masovia and Maria, daughter of Yuri I of Galicia. Since his father was still a ruler of the family's Masovian lands, in 1323 Bolesław succeeded Leo II of Galicia and became the ruler over Ruthenia as Yuri II. He also received the Duchy of Belz after the childless death of Andrew of Galicia. In 1331, he married the daughter of Grand Duke of Lithuania Gediminas and sister of Aldona of Lithuania, wife of Casimir III of Poland. The ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
King Of Ruthenia
King of Ruthenia, King of Rus', King of Galicia and Lodomeria, Land of Ruthenia Lord and Heir (Ukrainian: ''Король Русі'', ''король Галичини і Володимирії'', ''князь і володар Всієї Землі Руської''; Latin: ''Rex Rusiae'', ''Rex Galiciae et Lodomeriae'', ''Terrae Russiae Dominus et Heres'') was a title of princes of Galicia and Volhynia, granted by the Pope. The title was initially issued to the ruling Izyaslavichi branch of Rurik dynasty of Volhynia. Later the title was passed on to as rulers of the united Kingdom of Galicia–Volhynia. By the 15th century the title was used as a claim by other royal houses. List of kings of Ruthenia Kings of Kyivan Rus * Iziaslav I of Kyiv (as König der Russen) * Yaropolk Izyaslavich Kings of Ruthenia (Kingdom of Ruthenia) * Danylo I of Halych, king of Rus' (1253–1264). * Lev I of Halych, king of Rus' (1293–1301), moved the capital from Kholm to Lviv in 1272. * ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Yuri I Of Galicia
Yuri I of Galicia ( ua, Ю́рій Льво́вич, translit=Yurii Lvovych, 24 April 1252 (1257?) – 18 March 1308) was a King of Ruthenia, Prince of Volhynia (Latin: Regis Rusie, Princeps Ladimerie). His full title was Yuri I, King of Ruthenia, Grand Prince of Kyiv, Volodymyr, Halych, Lutsk, Dorohochyn. Overview In 1264-1301 he was a prince of the Duchy of Belz. He was a son of Leo I of Galicia (also known as Lev Danylovych) and Constance of Hungary, a daughter of King Béla IV of Hungary. He married three times. His first wife was Yaroslavna of Tver (died ca. 1286). His second wife was Euphemia of Kuyavia (died 18 March 1308), daughter of Casimir I of Kuyavia. His third wife is unknown. Family Sons * Mykhailo (1283–1286) (first marriage) * Andrew of Galicia, Prince of Ruthenia (1308–1323) * Lev II, Prince of Ruthenia (1308–1323) * Dmytro, Lord of Ruthenia (1340-1349) Daughters * Maria, Princess of Ruthenia, (died 11 January 1341). Married Trojden I of Masovi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Duchy Of Mazovia
Duchy of Masovia was a district principality and a fiefdom of the Kingdom of Poland, existing during the Middle Ages. The state was centered in Mazovia in the northeastern Kingdom of Poland, and during its existence, its capital was located in the Płock, Czersk and Warsaw. It was formed in 1138 from the territories of the Kingdom of Poland, following its fragmentation, that was started by the testament of Bolesław III Wrymouth. The country existed in the years: 1138–1275, 1294–1310, 1370–1381, and 1495–1526, between that time, going through fragmentations of its territory into smaller duchies and its unification. The states formed during its fragmentation were duchies of Kuyavia, Dobrzyń, Czersk, Płock, Warsaw, Rawa and Belz. In 1526, the country was incorporated into the Kingdom of Poland. History The lands of the Masovians east of the Vistula river had been conquered by the Piast duke Mieszko I of Poland (960–992) and formed a constituent part of his ''Civ ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Boyar
A boyar or bolyar was a member of the highest rank of the Feudalism, feudal nobility in many Eastern European states, including Kievan Rus', Bulgarian Empire, Bulgaria, Russian nobility, Russia, Boyars of Moldavia and Wallachia, Wallachia and Moldavia, and later Romania, Lithuanian nobility, Lithuania and among Baltic German nobility, Baltic Germans. Boyars were second only to the ruling knyaz, princes (in Bulgaria, tsars) from the 10th century to the 17th century. The rank has lived on as a surname in Russia, Finland, Lithuania and Latvia where it is spelled ''Pajari'' or ''Bajārs/-e''. Etymology Also known as bolyar; variants in other languages include bg, боляр or ; rus, боя́рин, r=boyarin, p=bɐˈjærʲɪn; ; ro, boier, ; and el, βογιάρος. The title Boila is predecessor or old form of the title Bolyar (the Bulgarian language, Bulgarian word for Boyar). Boila was a title worn by some of the Bulgars, Bulgar aristocrats (mostly of regional governors a ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Eastern Orthodox Church
The Eastern Orthodox Church, also called the Orthodox Church, is the second-largest Christian church, with approximately 220 million baptized members. It operates as a communion of autocephalous churches, each governed by its bishops via local synods. The church has no central doctrinal or governmental authority analogous to the head of the Roman Catholic Church—the Pope—but the Ecumenical Patriarch of Constantinople is recognized by them as '' primus inter pares'' ("first among equals"), which may be explained as a representative of the church. As one of the oldest surviving religious institutions in the world, the Eastern Orthodox Church has played a prominent role in the history and culture of Eastern and Southeastern Europe. The Eastern Orthodox Church officially calls itself the Orthodox Catholic Church. Eastern Orthodox theology is based on holy tradition, which incorporates the dogmatic decrees of the seven ecumenical councils, the Scriptures, and the teachin ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Magdeburg Law
Magdeburg rights (german: Magdeburger Recht; also called Magdeburg Law) were a set of town privileges first developed by Otto I, Holy Roman Emperor (936–973) and based on the Flemish Law, which regulated the degree of internal autonomy within cities and villages granted by the local ruler. Named after the German city of Magdeburg, these town charters were perhaps the most important set of medieval laws in Central Europe. They became the basis for the German town laws developed during many centuries in the Holy Roman Empire. The Magdeburg rights were adopted and adapted by numerous monarchs, including the rulers of Bohemia, Hungary, Poland and Lithuania, a milestone in the urbanization of the region which prompted the development of thousands of villages and cities. Provisions Being a member of the Hanseatic League, Magdeburg was one of the most important trade cities, maintaining commerce with the Low Countries, the Baltic states, and the interior (for example Braunschweig). A ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Sanok
Sanok (in full the Royal Free City of Sanok — pl, Królewskie Wolne Miasto Sanok, rue, Санок, ''Sanok'', ua, Cянік, ''Sianik'', la, Sanocum, yi, סאניק, ''Sonik'') is a town in the Subcarpathian Voivodeship of south-eastern Poland with 38,397 inhabitants, as of June 2016. Located on the San River and around 52 km south of Przemyśl, Sanok lies directly by the Carpathian Mountains. Once settled by Poles, Jews and Lemkos, the town's history goes back almost 1000 years when it was part of a medieval trade route. The Museum of Folk Architecture as well as the refurbished Sanok Castle and Old Town are popular points of interest. The region also features a 70 km trail for hikers and cyclists. Geography The city of Sanok is the capital of Sanok County in the Subcarpathian Voivodeship in Poland. Previously, it was in the Krosno Voivodeship (1975–1998) and in the Ruthenian Voivodeship (1340–1772), which was part of the Red Ruthenia region, and in wid ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Volodymyr (city)
Volodymyr ( uk, Володи́мир, from 1944 to 2021 Volodymyr-Volynskyi ( uk, Володи́мир-Воли́нський)) is a small city located in Volyn Oblast, in north-western Ukraine. It is the administrative centre of the Volodymyr Raion and the center of Volodymyr hromada. The city is the historic centre of the region of Volhynia and the historic capital of the Principality of Volhynia and one of the capital cities of the Kingdom of Galicia–Volhynia. It is one of the oldest cities of Ukraine and Kyiv Rus'. Population: The medieval Latin name of the town "Lodomeria" became the namesake of the 19th century Austro-Hungarian Kingdom of Galicia and Lodomeria, of which the town itself was not a part. south from Volodymyr is Zymne, the oldest Orthodox Monastery in Volynia is located. Name The city was named ''Volodymyr'', after Prince Volodymyr the Great (born in the village of Budiatychi, about 20 km from Volodymyr), and later also abbreviated ''Lodomeria'','' ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Oswald Balzer
Oswald Marian Balzer (23 January 1858 in Chodorów – 11 January 1933 in Lwów) was a Polish historian of law and statehood, one of the most renowned Polish historians of his times. In 1887 he became a professor at the University of Lwów. Between 1895 and 1896 he also briefly served as its rector. Since 1891 until his death he was also the director of City Archives in Lwów. His best work is ''Genealogia Piastów'' (1895). In 1888 he was offered a seat in the Polish Academy of Skills, as well as several other scientific societies, both in Poland and abroad. In 1901 he founded the Society for the Support of Polish Science in Lwów (''Towarzystwo dla Popierania Nauki Polskiej we Lwowie''), the first such society in the city, later to be renamed to Lwow Scientific Society (1920). Among the fields of his studies were the history of Polish statehood and Poland's historical law, as well as the early history of Slavic states. He was buried in the Łyczakowski Cemetery Lychakiv ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Teodor Narbutt
Teodor Narbutt ( lt, Teodoras Narbutas; 8 November 1784 – 27 November 1864) was a Polish–Lithuanian romantic historian and military engineer in service of the Russian Empire. He is best remembered as the author of a nine-volume Polish-language history of Lithuania from the early Middle Ages to the Union of Lublin. Life Teodor Narbutt was born in 1784 in the village of Szawry (present-day Voranava District of Belarus) in the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth, to a notable szlachta family of Trąby coat of arms. Early in his youth his fatherland was partitioned between Russia, Austria and Prussia. After graduating from a Piarist college at Lyubeshiv, Narbutt entered the Vilna Academy, where in 1803 he graduated in engineering. He then moved to Saint Petersburg, where he joined the Cadet Corps. He served in the Imperial Russian Army, where he became a captain in the field engineering corps. He took part in the 1807 and 1812 Russian campaigns against Napoleon Bonaparte. In 1 ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Casimir III Of Poland
Casimir III the Great ( pl, Kazimierz III Wielki; 30 April 1310 – 5 November 1370) reigned as the King of Poland from 1333 to 1370. He also later became King of Ruthenia in 1340, and fought to retain the title in the Galicia-Volhynia Wars. He was the last Polish king from the Piast dynasty. Casimir inherited a kingdom weakened by war and made it prosperous and wealthy. He reformed the Polish army and doubled the size of the kingdom. He reformed the judicial system and introduced a legal code, gaining the title "the Polish Justinian I, Justinian". Casimir built extensively and founded the Jagiellonian University (back then simply called the University of Krakow),Saxton, 1851, p. 535 the oldest List of universities in Poland, Polish university and List of oldest universities in continuous operation, one of the oldest in the world. He also confirmed privileges and protections previously granted to Jews and encouraged them to settle in Poland in great numbers. Casimir left no sons. ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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