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Georg Bilgeri
Georg Bilgeri (11 October 1873 – 4 December 1934) was an officer in the Austro–Hungarian Army, mountaineer, and Austrian pioneer of skiing. Bilgeri learned to ski in Gargellen about 1893. Military career As a Lieutenant in the Tyrolean Imperial Hunters (Tiroler Kaiserjäger Regiment No. 4), Bilgeri instituted ski training in the high Alps as early as 1896 and became the creator of mountain and ski training in the Austro-Hungarian army. Bilgeri led military patrols in winter treks in the Zillertal Alps (1899) and to Kitzbühel (1905). From 1905-08 he led instructor courses for officers. Bilgeri directed a military ski factory in Salzburg from 1906-10. In 1908-09 he was a commander of border guards in the Dolomites. He was an officer of the World War I National Defense Command in Tyrol, leading the formation and training of the Mountain guide companies. He retired in 1920 with the rank of Lieutenant Colonel, and later was awarded Colonel. Alpine ski instructor He provided f ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Colonel
Colonel (abbreviated as Col., Col or COL) is a senior military officer rank used in many countries. It is also used in some police forces and paramilitary organizations. In the 17th, 18th and 19th centuries, a colonel was typically in charge of a regiment in an army. Modern usage varies greatly, and in some cases, the term is used as an honorific title that may have no direct relationship to military service. The rank of colonel is typically above the rank of lieutenant colonel. The rank above colonel is typically called brigadier, brigade general or brigadier general. In some smaller military forces, such as those of Monaco or the Vatican, colonel is the highest rank. Equivalent naval ranks may be called captain or ship-of-the-line captain. In the Commonwealth's air force ranking system, the equivalent rank is group captain. History and origins By the end of the late medieval period, a group of "companies" was referred to as a "column" of an army. According to Raymond Ol ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Mountain Guide
A mountain guide is a specially trained and experienced professional mountaineer who is certified by local authorities or mountain guide associations. They are considered to be high-level experts in mountaineering, and are hired to instruct or lead individuals or small groups who require this advanced expertise. This professional class of guides arose in the middle of the 19th century when Alpine climbing became recognized as a sport.A short introduction to the history of mountain guiding SummitPost.org Attributes Skills A mountain guide's skills include: * *[...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
1934 Deaths
Events January–February * January 1 – The International Telecommunication Union, a specialist agency of the League of Nations, is established. * January 15 – The 8.0 1934 Nepal–Bihar earthquake, Nepal–Bihar earthquake strikes Nepal and Bihar with a maximum Mercalli intensity scale, Mercalli intensity of XI (''Extreme''), killing an estimated 6,000–10,700 people. * January 26 – A 10-year German–Polish declaration of non-aggression is signed by Nazi Germany and the Second Polish Republic. * January 30 ** In Nazi Germany, the political power of federal states such as Prussia is substantially abolished, by the "Law on the Reconstruction of the Reich" (''Gesetz über den Neuaufbau des Reiches''). ** Franklin D. Roosevelt, President of the United States, signs the Gold Reserve Act: all gold held in the Federal Reserve is to be surrendered to the United States Department of the Treasury; immediately following, the President raises the statutory gold price from ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
1873 Births
Events January–March * January 1 ** Japan adopts the Gregorian calendar. ** The California Penal Code goes into effect. * January 17 – American Indian Wars: Modoc War: First Battle of the Stronghold – Modoc Indians defeat the United States Army. * February 11 – The Spanish Cortes deposes King Amadeus I, and proclaims the First Spanish Republic. * February 12 ** Emilio Castelar, the former foreign minister, becomes prime minister of the new Spanish Republic. ** The Coinage Act of 1873 in the United States is signed into law by President Ulysses S. Grant; coming into effect on April 1, it ends bimetallism in the U.S., and places the country on the gold standard. * February 20 ** The University of California opens its first medical school in San Francisco. ** British naval officer John Moresby discovers the site of Port Moresby, and claims the land for Britain. * March 3 – Censorship: The United States Congress enacts the Comstock Law, making it ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Luis Trenker
Luis Trenker (born Alois Franz Trenker, 4 October 1892 – 13 April 1990) was a South Tyrolean film producer, director, writer, actor, architect, Mountaineering, alpinist, and Bobsleigh, bobsledder. Biography Early life Alois Franz Trenker was born on 4 October 1892 in Urtijëi, County of Tyrol, Tyrol (german: link=no, St. Ulrich in Gröden, it, Ortisei) in the Austria-Hungary, Austro-Hungarian Empire (in present-day northern Italy). His father Jacob Trenker was a painter from North Tyrol, and his mother Karolina (''née'' Demetz) was from Urtijëi in Val Gardena. He grew up speaking two languages: German, the language of his father, and Ladin language, Ladin, the language of his mother. He attended the local primary school from 1898 to 1901, and then attended the Josefinum in Bolzano in 1902 and 1903. From 1903 to 1905, he attended the arts and crafts school in Bolzano, where he developed his skills as a woodcarver. In 1912, he entered the Realschule in Innsbruck, where he stud ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Mathias Zdarsky
Mathias Zdarsky ( cs, Matyáš Žďárský; 25 February 1856 – 20 June 1940) was an early ski pioneer and is considered one of the founders of modern Alpine skiing technique: Arnold Lunn described him as the "father of alpine skiing". He was probably Austria's first ski instructor. He was also a teacher, painter and sculptor. Biography Zdarsky was born on 25 February 1856 in Kožichovice in Moravia, then Austria-Hungary, present Czech Republic. Inspired by Norway's Fridtjof Nansen's 1888 crossing of Greenland, he adapted skis for use on alpine terrain. In 1890, he developed a steel binding (the "Lilienfelder Stahlsohlenbindung"), which made steep mountain slopes and gate runs possible. Zdarsky felt the earlier bindings did not hold the foot firmly enough, and so he designed binding with a strong, sprung, steel sole, which is the basis of modern ski bindings. As in the earlier Telemark skiing, Norwegian skiing, he used only one ski pole. Unlike today, the skier steered by using ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Grahamland
Graham Land is the portion of the Antarctic Peninsula that lies north of a line joining Cape Jeremy and Cape Agassiz. This description of Graham Land is consistent with the 1964 agreement between the British Antarctic Place-names Committee and the US Advisory Committee on Antarctic Names, in which the name "Antarctic Peninsula" was approved for the major peninsula of Antarctica, and the names Graham Land and Palmer Land for the northern and southern portions, respectively. The line dividing them is roughly 69 degrees south. Graham Land is named after Sir James R. G. Graham, First Lord of the Admiralty at the time of John Biscoe's exploration of the west side of Graham Land in 1832. It is claimed by Argentina (as part of Argentine Antarctica), Britain (as part of the British Antarctic Territory) and Chile (as part of the Chilean Antarctic Territory). Graham Land is the closest part of Antarctica to South America. Thus it is the usual destination for small ships taking pa ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Bilgeri Glacier
Bilgeri Glacier () is a glacier flowing into Barilari Bay south of Huitfeldt Point and west of Byaga Point, on Velingrad Peninsula on the west coast of Graham Land in Antarctica. It was charted by the British Graham Land Expedition under John Rymill, 1934–37, and named by the UK Antarctic Place-Names Committee in 1959 for Georg Bilgeri (1873–1934), Austrian pioneer exponent of skiing, inventor of the first spring ski binding, and author of one of the earliest skiing manuals. See also * List of glaciers in the Antarctic * Glaciology Glaciology (; ) is the scientific study of glaciers, or more generally ice and natural phenomena that involve ice. Glaciology is an interdisciplinary Earth science that integrates geophysics, geology, physical geography, geomorphology, climato ... References * Glaciers of Graham Coast {{GrahamCoast-glacier-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Crevasse Rescue
Crevasse rescue is the process of retrieving a climber from a crevasse in a glacier. Because of the frequency with which climbers break through the snow over a crevasse and fall in, crevasse rescue technique is a standard part of climbing education. The basic assumption of crevasse rescue is that two or more climbers are tied together with a climbing rope, forming a rope team; a standard number is three, one on each end and one in the middle, which means there are two available to hold a falling climber, but is not as complicated to manage as large numbers of people attached to a single rope. When the snow gives way under the victim, the others on the team must immediately prepare for the impending yanks, usually by flopping down and digging ice axes and knees (or boots if not wearing crampons) into the snow in a self-arrest position, facing away from the crevasse if possible, and holding tight until everything stops moving. Many crevasses are small or slanted, and the falle ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ski Club Of Great Britain
The Ski Club of Great Britain is a recreational snow sports club, which operates on a not-for-profit basis. It was founded on 6 May 1903 during a meeting at the Café Royal in London. Until the 1960s, the Ski Club of Great Britain was responsible for British alpine ski racing teams. In April 2020, the Ski Club had about 23,000 members, making it the biggest membership-based snow sports club in the UK. Their offices are located in Wimbledon, southwest London. History The idea of forming a Ski Club came from a meeting of individuals at the Café Royal in London on 6 May 1903. The aims of the club, as outlined at the very first meeting, were: to encourage other people to learn to ski; help members to improve; get more enjoyment from skiing; bring together people who are interested in the sport. Before World War I, the club was primarily concerned with cross country (Nordic) skiing. The first official Ski Championship of Great Britain was held in Saanenmöser, Switzerland in 1914. ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Swedish Ski Association
The Swedish Ski Association ( sv, Svenska Skidförbundet) is a sports governing body for skiing in Sweden. It was established in Sundsvall on 11 December 1908 as the Swedish Cross-Country Skiing Association ( sv, Svenska skidlöpningsförbundet) before changing name in 1911. The headquarters were originally located in Stockholm before relocating to Falun on 3 May 2001. Their objective is to get as many people as possible to discover the joy and benefits of being active in the snow. Covering and arranging national and major international championships, youth activities, encouraging exercise, improving public health and through this making social impact. Chairmen *1908-1910 - Fritz af Sandeberg *1910-1915 - C G A Lindencrona *1915-1922 - Sven Hermelin *1922-1948 - Sixtus Janson *1948-1952 - Björn Kjellström *1952-1961 - Sigge Bergman *1961-1965 - Karl Arne Wegerfelt *1965-1974 - Nils Stenberg *1974-1977 - Stig Synnergren *1977-1982 - Arne Jägmo *1982-1996 - Sven Lars ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Österreichisches Biographisches Lexikon 1815–1950
The ''Österreichisches Biographisches Lexikon 1815–1950'' (''ÖBL''), ''Austrian Biographical Lexicon 1815-1950'', is a dictionary of biographical entries for individuals who have contributed to the history of Austria, published by the Austrian Academy of Sciences. It currently comprises 12 volumes (60 deliveries) with a total of more than 16,000 biographies. It follows the ''Biographisches Lexikon des Kaiserthums Oesterreich ''Biographisches Lexikon des Kaiserthums Oesterreich'' (English, ''Biographical Encyclopedia of the Austrian Empire'') (abbreviated ''Wurzbach'' from the author's surname) is a 60-volume work, edited and published by Constantin von Wurzbach, cont ...'' (''Biographical Encyclopedia of the Austrian Empire''), which dealt with the period between 1750 and 1850 and which was published from 1856 to 1891 in 60 volumes, containing 24,254 critical biographies. Published volumes *Volume 1 (''Aarau Friedrich–Gläser Franz''), 1957 (reprinted without changes 1 ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
