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Genesee Group
The Genesee Group is a geologic formation in Pennsylvania. It preserves fossils dating back to the Devonian period. It includes submembers: * West River Shale * Genundewa Limestone * Penn Yan Formation * Geneseo Shale * North Evans Limestone See also * List of fossiliferous stratigraphic units in Pennsylvania * Paleontology in Pennsylvania image:Map of USA PA.svg, The location of Pennsylvania Paleontology in Pennsylvania refers to paleontological research occurring within or conducted by people from the U.S. state of Pennsylvania. The geologic column of Pennsylvania spans from the Pr ... References * * Geologic groups of Pennsylvania {{Pennsylvania-geologic-formation-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Group (stratigraphy)
In geology, a group is a lithostratigraphic unit consisting of a series of related formations that have been classified together to form a group. Formations are the fundamental unit of stratigraphy. Groups may sometimes be combined into supergroups. Groups are useful for showing relationships between formations, and they are also useful for small-scale mapping or for studying the stratigraphy of large regions. Geologists exploring a new area have sometimes defined groups when they believe the strata within the groups can be divided into formations during subsequent investigations of the area. It is possible for only some of the strata making up a group to be divided into formations. An example of a group is the Glen Canyon Group, which includes (in ascending order) the Wingate Sandstone, the Moenave Formation, the Kayenta Formation, and the Navajo Sandstone. Each of the formations can be distinguished from its neighbor by its lithology, but all were deposited in the same vast ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Period (geology)
The geologic time scale, or geological time scale, (GTS) is a representation of time based on the rock record of Earth. It is a system of chronological dating that uses chronostratigraphy (the process of relating strata to time) and geochronology (scientific branch of geology that aims to determine the age of rocks). It is used primarily by Earth scientists (including geologists, paleontologists, geophysicists, geochemists, and paleoclimatologists) to describe the timing and relationships of events in geologic history. The time scale has been developed through the study of rock layers and the observation of their relationships and identifying features such as lithologies, paleomagnetic properties, and fossils. The definition of standardized international units of geologic time is the responsibility of the International Commission on Stratigraphy (ICS), a constituent body of the International Union of Geological Sciences (IUGS), whose primary objective is to precisely define ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Paleontology In Pennsylvania
The location of Pennsylvania Paleontology in Pennsylvania refers to paleontological research occurring within or conducted by people from the U.S. state of Pennsylvania. The geologic column of Pennsylvania spans from the Precambrian to Quaternary. During the early part of the Paleozoic, Pennsylvania was submerged by a warm, shallow sea. This sea would come to be inhabited by creatures like brachiopods, bryozoans, crinoids, graptolites, and trilobites. The armored fish '' Palaeaspis'' appeared during the Silurian. By the Devonian the state was home to other kinds of fishes. On land, some of the world's oldest tetrapods left behind footprints that would later fossilize. Some of Pennsylvania's most important fossil finds were made in the state's Devonian rocks. Carboniferous Pennsylvania was a swampy environment covered by a wide variety of plants. The latter half of the period was called the Pennsylvanian in honor of the state's rich contemporary rock record. By the end of the Paleo ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
List Of Fossiliferous Stratigraphic Units In Pennsylvania
This article contains a list of fossil-bearing stratigraphic units in the state of Pennsylvania, U.S. Sites See also * Paleontology in Pennsylvania References * {{DEFAULTSORT:Fossiliferous stratigraphic units in Pennsylvania Pennsylvania Stratigraphic units A stratigraphic unit is a volume of Rock (geology), rock of identifiable origin and relative age range that is defined by the distinctive and dominant, easily mapped and recognizable petrology, petrographic, lithology, lithologic or paleontology, p ... Stratigraphy of Pennsylvania Pennsylvania geography-related lists United States geology-related lists ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
North Evans Limestone
North is one of the four compass points or cardinal directions. It is the opposite of south and is perpendicular to east and west. ''North'' is a noun, adjective, or adverb indicating direction or geography. Etymology The word ''north'' is related to the Old High German ''nord'', both descending from the Proto-Indo-European unit *''ner-'', meaning "left; below" as north is to left when facing the rising sun. Similarly, the other cardinal directions are also related to the sun's position. The Latin word ''borealis'' comes from the Greek '' boreas'' "north wind, north", which, according to Ovid, was personified as the wind-god Boreas, the father of Calais and Zetes. ''Septentrionalis'' is from ''septentriones'', "the seven plow oxen", a name of ''Ursa Major''. The Greek ἀρκτικός (''arktikós'') is named for the same constellation, and is the source of the English word ''Arctic''. Other languages have other derivations. For example, in Lezgian, ''kefer'' can mea ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Geneseo Shale
The Burket Shale is the lowest member of the Harrell Shale/ Genessee Group. The Burket is an organic-rich black shale that rests just above the Tully Limestone member of the Mahantango Formation. The geographical extent of the formation includes southern New York, Pennsylvania, eastern Ohio, and West Virginia. The Burket is also known as the Geneseo in New York and parts of Northern Pennsylvania. In 1918 the Burket and Harrell were described by Charles Butts, from outcrops located in Blair County, located in southwestern Pennsylvania.Butts, Charles, 1918, Geologic section of Blair and Huntingdon Counties, central Pennsylvania: American Journal of Science The ''American Journal of Science'' (''AJS'') is the United States of America's longest-running scientific journal, having been published continuously since its conception in 1818 by Professor Benjamin Silliman, who edited and financed it himself ..., 4th series, v. 46, p. 523-537. In 1920, C. H. Chadwick described the Gen ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Penn Yan Formation
The Genesee Formation (Group) is a geologic formation in New York. It is equivalent the Harrell Shale in Pennsylvania. It date back to the Upper Devonian period. It is the basal unit of the Frasnian and Upper Devonian period. The Genesee Formation was defined by de Witt and Colton, 1959 as all strata between the Middlesex Unit of the Sonyea Group and the Tully Formation, where present or the Moscow Formation where the Tully is not present. Description The Genesee includes several members. Moving westward towards the Findley and Cincinnati Archs the formation thins to less than 9 feet. To the east it feathers in with courser grained formations. Stratigraphy The Genesee has several members. With courser clastic material coming mostly from the east there are several members that are feathered to the West River and Penn Yann on the eastern flanks. Below are listed the units found within the Genesee. West River Shale Member Clarke and Luther (1904, p. 28) coined ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Genundewa Limestone
The Genesee Formation (Group) is a geologic formation in New York. It is equivalent the Harrell Shale in Pennsylvania. It date back to the Upper Devonian period. It is the basal unit of the Frasnian and Upper Devonian period. The Genesee Formation was defined by de Witt and Colton, 1959 as all strata between the Middlesex Unit of the Sonyea Group and the Tully Formation, where present or the Moscow Formation where the Tully is not present. Description The Genesee includes several members. Moving westward towards the Findley and Cincinnati Archs the formation thins to less than 9 feet. To the east it feathers in with courser grained formations. Stratigraphy The Genesee has several members. With courser clastic material coming mostly from the east there are several members that are feathered to the West River and Penn Yann on the eastern flanks. Below are listed the units found within the Genesee. West River Shale Member Clarke and Luther (1904, p. 28) coined ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
West River Shale
The Genesee Formation (Group) is a geologic formation in New York. It is equivalent the Harrell Shale in Pennsylvania. It date back to the Upper Devonian period. It is the basal unit of the Frasnian and Upper Devonian period. The Genesee Formation was defined by de Witt and Colton, 1959 as all strata between the Middlesex Unit of the Sonyea Group and the Tully Formation, where present or the Moscow Formation where the Tully is not present. Description The Genesee includes several members. Moving westward towards the Findley and Cincinnati Archs the formation thins to less than 9 feet. To the east it feathers in with courser grained formations. Stratigraphy The Genesee has several members. With courser clastic material coming mostly from the east there are several members that are feathered to the West River and Penn Yann on the eastern flanks. Below are listed the units found within the Genesee. West River Shale Member Clarke and Luther (1904, p. 28) coined ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Devonian
The Devonian ( ) is a geologic period and system of the Paleozoic era, spanning 60.3 million years from the end of the Silurian, million years ago (Mya), to the beginning of the Carboniferous, Mya. It is named after Devon, England, where rocks from this period were first studied. The first significant adaptive radiation of life on dry land occurred during the Devonian. Free-sporing vascular plants began to spread across dry land, forming extensive forests which covered the continents. By the middle of the Devonian, several groups of plants had evolved leaves and true roots, and by the end of the period the first seed-bearing plants appeared. The arthropod groups of myriapods, arachnids and hexapods also became well-established early in this period, after starting their expansion to land at least from the Ordovician period. Fish reached substantial diversity during this time, leading the Devonian to often be dubbed the Age of Fishes. The placoderms began dominating ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Frasnian
The Frasnian is one of two faunal stages in the Late Devonian Period. It lasted from million years ago to million years ago. It was preceded by the Givetian Stage and followed by the Famennian Stage. Major reef-building was under way during the Frasnian Stage, particularly in western Canada and Australia. On land, the first forests were taking shape. In North America, the Antler orogeny peaked, which were contemporary with the Bretonic phase of the Variscan orogeny in Europe. The Frasnian coincides with the second half of the "charcoal gap" in the fossil record, a time when atmospheric oxygen levels were below 13 percent, the minimum necessary to sustain wildfires. North American subdivisions of the Frasnian include * West Falls Group * Sonyea Group * Genesee Group Name and definition The Frasnian Stage was proposed in 1879 by French geologist Jules Gosselet Jules-Auguste Gosselet (19 April 1832 – 20 March 1916) was a French geologist born in Cambrai, France. [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Fossils
A fossil (from Classical Latin , ) is any preserved remains, impression, or trace of any once-living thing from a past geological age. Examples include bones, shells, exoskeletons, stone imprints of animals or microbes, objects preserved in amber, hair, petrified wood and DNA remnants. The totality of fossils is known as the ''fossil record''. Paleontology is the study of fossils: their age, method of formation, and evolutionary significance. Specimens are usually considered to be fossils if they are over 10,000 years old. The oldest fossils are around 3.48 billion years old to 4.1 billion years old. Early edition, published online before print. The observation in the 19th century that certain fossils were associated with certain rock strata led to the recognition of a geological timescale and the relative ages of different fossils. The development of radiometric dating techniques in the early 20th century allowed scientists to quantitatively measure the absolute ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
