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Gaius Papirius Crassus
Gaius Papirius Crassus ( 430 BC) was a Roman senator who held the executive state office of consul in 430 BC, as the colleague of Lucius Julius. During their year in office, an eight year long truce may have been signed with the Aequi, but this is uncertain. The consuls also enacted a law which allowed for the payment of fines in cash instead of livestock, in response to some heavy fines levied by the censors, Lucius Papirius and Publius Pinarius. Although the initiative for this law had come from the plebeian tribunes, the consuls preempted them by introducing the measure themselves. Münzer, Friedrich, " Papirius 43", '' Realencyclopädie der classischen Altertumswissenschaft'' (''RE'', ''PW''), volume 18, part 3, columns 1034–1035 (Stuttgart, 1949). The ancient sources disagree on the first name of Papirius Crassus. Livy ( 4.30.1), followed by Cassiodorus, names him Lucius Papirius, while Diodorus12.72.1 calls him Gaius and Cicero ('' De re publica'' 2.60), Publius. The c ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Roman Consul
A consul held the highest elected political office of the Roman Republic ( to 27 BC), and ancient Romans considered the consulship the second-highest level of the ''cursus honorum'' (an ascending sequence of public offices to which politicians aspired) after that of the censor. Each year, the Centuriate Assembly elected two consuls to serve jointly for a one-year term. The consuls alternated in holding '' fasces'' – taking turns leading – each month when both were in Rome and a consul's ''imperium'' extended over Rome and all its provinces. There were two consuls in order to create a check on the power of any individual citizen in accordance with the republican belief that the powers of the former kings of Rome should be spread out into multiple offices. To that end, each consul could veto the actions of the other consul. After the establishment of the Empire (27 BC), the consuls became mere symbolic representatives of Rome's republican heritage and held very little ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Lucius Papirius Crassus (consul 436 BC)
Lucius Papirius Crassus was a consul of the Roman republic in 436 BC and possibly a censor in 430 BC. He belonged to the ancient Papiria gens, and more specifically to a relatively new branch of the Papiria known as the Crassi. The branch had first reached the consulship in 441 BC under the presumed brother of Lucius, a Manius Papirius Crassus. Another brother or relative would reach the consulship in 430 BC, Gaius Papirius Crassus. Career Papirius was elected consul in 436 BC together with Marcus Cornelius Maluginensis. They led raids against the Veii and the Falisci. During their consulship the tribune of the plebs, Spurius Maelius, proposed a bill targeting two senators, Gaius Servilius Ahala and Lucius Minucius Esquilinus Augurinus. The goal was to confiscate the property of Ahala, mark him as a ''caedes civis indemnati'' (loosely translated: unlawful murderer) and to condemn Minucius for false accusation. Maelius, who was a son or close relative of Spurius Maelius who had ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Hostus Lucretius Tricipitinus
Hostus Lucretius Tricipitinus was a consul of the Roman republic in 429 BC. Lucretius belonged to the ancient patrician Lucretia gens whose ancestors had been among the first consuls of the Republic. Lucretius was (presumably) the son of Lucius Lucretius Tricipitinus, consul in 462 BC, and the father of Publius Lucretius Tricipitinus, consular tribune in 419 BC. Diodorus Siculus has his praenomen as Opiter, while both Livy and Cassiodorus has him named Hostus.Livy, ''Ab Urbe Condita,'' iv, 30.4Diodorus Siculus, ''Bibliotheca historica,'' xii, 73.1Cassiodorus, ''Chronica'' Career Lucretius was elected consul in 429 BC together with Lucius Sergius Fidenas. This was the second consulship of Sergius and third time he held the ''imperium''. The two classical scholars R. S. Conway and C. F. Walters proposed that the events described by Livy for the year 428 BC should be ascribed to 429 BC. The events described by Livy include raids by the Veientane on Roman territory, the appoint ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Lucius Sergius Fidenas
Lucius Sergius Fidenas was a Roman politician during the 5th century BC, and was elected consul in 437 and 429 BC. In 433, 424, and 418 BC he was military tribune with consular power. Family He was a member of the ''Sergii Fidenates'', branch of the ''gens Sergia''. His complete name was ''Lucius Sergius C.f. C.n. Fidenas''. Career In 437 BC, Sergius was elected consul with Marcus Geganius Macerinus. The year before, Fidenae had revolted against Rome and joined Lars Tolumnius, king of the Veientians. Roman ambassadors Gaius Fulcinius, Tullus Cloelius, Spurius Antius, and Lucius Roscius were sent to Fidenae, and were put to death by order of king Tolumnius. Statues of the ambassadors were set up in the rostra at the public's expense. This began the second war between Rome and Veii, which would mark the first that Rome would defeat the army of king Tolumnius on their side of the river Anio, but with heavy losses. For his accomplishments in the war, Sergius earned the ''cognomen Fi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
List Of Roman Consuls
This is a list of consuls known to have held office, from the beginning of the Roman Republic to the latest use of the title in Imperial times, together with those magistrates of the Republic who were appointed in place of consuls, or who superseded consular authority for a limited period. Background Republican consuls From the establishment of the Republic to the time of Augustus, the consuls were the chief magistrates of the Roman state, and normally there were two of them, so that the executive power of the state was not vested in a single individual, as it had been under the kings. As other ancient societies dated historical events according to the reigns of their kings, it became customary at Rome to date events by the names of the consuls in office when the events occurred, rather than (for instance) by counting the number of years since the foundation of the city, although that method could also be used. If a consul died during his year of office, another was elected to ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Gaius Julius Mento
Gaius Julius Mento was a member of the ancient patrician gens Julia, who held the consulship in BC 431.''Dictionary of Greek and Roman Biography and Mythology'', vol. II, p. 1044. Family As Mento's filiation has not been preserved, it is not clear how he was related to other members of the Julia gens. He could perhaps have been a son of Vopiscus Julius Iulus, consul in BC 473; he had a brother named Gaius, and his known sons included Lucius Julius Iulus, who was consular tribune in 438 and consul in 430, and Spurius, whose sons held three tribuneships between 408 and 403; the Sextus Julius Iulus who was consular tribune in 424 might also have been his son. Perhaps less likely, Mento could have been the son of Gaius Julius Iulus, the consul of 447 and 435 BC. It is equally possible that Mento was not descended from the Julii Iuli at all, but rather from a more obscure line of the Julii, who by tradition had lived at Rome for a century and a half before the first of them to hold ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Titus Quinctius Poenus Cincinnatus
Titus Quinctius Poenus (Pennus) Cincinnatus was a Roman consul, consul of the Roman Republic in 431 and 428 BC and a Tribuni militum consulari potestate, consular tribune in 426 BC. He might have been consular tribune again in 420 BC. Quinctius belonged to the powerful Quinctia gens and was the son of one of the early republics most famous figures, the twice appointed Roman dictator, dictator Lucius Quinctius Cincinnatus. He was probably the younger brother of Lucius Quinctius Cincinnatus (consular tribune), Lucius Quinctius Cincinnatus, consular tribune in 431 BC. Filiations indicate that he is the father of Titus Quinctius Cincinnatus Capitolinus, consular tribune in 388 BC. Career Quinctius was elected Roman consul, consul in 431 BC together with Gaius Julius Mento. Escalations of the war with Aequi and Volsci led to the appointment of a dictator, Aulus Postumius Tubertus, who successfully defeated their combined forces at Mount Algidus. Quinctius held the command of one of ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Transactions Of The American Philological Association
''Transactions of the American Philological Association'' (TAPA) is a peer-reviewed academic journal established in 1869 and the official publication of the American Philological Association. It covers the history, culture, and language of ancient Greek and Roman societies. The journal is published biannually by the Johns Hopkins University Press The Johns Hopkins University Press (also referred to as JHU Press or JHUP) is the publishing division of Johns Hopkins University. It was founded in 1878 and is the oldest continuously running university press in the United States. The press publi .... External links * Classics journals Publications established in 1869 Johns Hopkins University Press academic journals Biannual journals English-language journals 1869 establishments in the United States {{classics-journal-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Lucius Papirius Mugillanus (consul 427 BC)
Lucius Papirius Mugillanus was a Tribuni militum consulari potestate, consul of the Roman Republic in 427 BC, consular tribune in 422 BC and Roman censor, censor in 418 BC. Papirius belonged to the Patrician (ancient Rome), patrician Papiria gens. He was the son of Lucius Papirius Mugillanus (consul 444 BC), Lucius Papirius Mugillanus, consul suffect in 444 and censor in 443 BC. Marcus Papirius Mugillanus, consul in 418 BC, would have been a younger brother or son of Papirius, while later Papirii Mugillani, such as Lucius Papirius Mugillanus (consular tribune 382 BC), Lucius Papirius Mugillanus, consular tribune in 382 BC, should probably be considered grandchildren or grand-nephews. Career In 427 BC Papirius held the consulship together with Gaius Servilius Structus Ahala (consul 427 BC), Gaius Servilius Structus Ahala. Nothing is known of the events during their consulship.Chronograph of 354 Five years later, in 422 BC, Papirius would again reach the ''imperium'', this time a ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
De Re Publica
''De re publica'' (''On the Commonwealth''; see below) is a dialogue on Roman politics by Cicero, written in six books between 54 and 51 BC. The work does not survive in a complete state, and large parts are missing. The surviving sections derive from excerpts preserved in later works and from an incomplete palimpsest uncovered in 1819. Cicero uses the work to explain Roman constitutional theory. Written in imitation of Plato's ''Republic'', it takes the form of a Socratic dialogue in which Scipio Aemilianus takes the role of a wise old man. The work examines the type of government that had been established in Rome since the kings, and that was challenged by, amongst others, Julius Caesar. The development of the constitution is explained, and Cicero explores the different types of constitutions and the roles played by citizens in government. The work is also known for the ''Dream of Scipio'', a fictional dream vision from the sixth book. Title While already the Latin version of ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Lucius Julius Iullus (consul)
Lucius Julius Iullus ( 438–430 BC) was a member of the ancient patrician (ancient Rome), patrician Julia gens, gens Julia. He was one of the tribuni militum consulari potestate, consular tribunes of 438 BC, magister equitum in 431, and Roman consul, consul in 430 BC.''Dictionary of Greek and Roman Biography and Mythology'', vol. II, p. 657. Family Lucius was the son of Vopiscus Julius Iulus, who had been consul in 473 BC, and grandson of the Gaius Julius Iulus (consul 489 BC), Gaius Julius Iulus who had been consul in 489. His uncle Gaius Julius Iulus (consul 482 BC), Gaius was consul in 482 BC, and the Gaius Julius Iulus (consul 447 BC), Gaius Julius Iulus who was consul in 447 and again in 435 was his cousin. He was the father of Lucius Julius Iulus (consular tribune 401 BC), Lucius Julius Iulus, consular tribune in 401 and 397 BC. The Sextus Julius Iulus who was consular tribune in 424 might have been Lucius' younger brother, or perhaps a cousin. Career Consular tribune ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Cassiodorus
Magnus Aurelius Cassiodorus Senator (c. 485 – c. 585), commonly known as Cassiodorus (), was a Roman statesman, renowned scholar of antiquity, and writer serving in the administration of Theodoric the Great, king of the Ostrogoths. ''Senator'' was part of his surname; not his rank. He also founded a monastery, Vivarium, where he spent the last years of his life. Life Cassiodorus was born at Scylletium, near Catanzaro in Calabria, Italy. Some modern historians speculate that his family was of Syrian origin based on his Greek name. His ancestry included some of the most prominent ministers of the state extending back several generations. His great-grandfather held a command in the defense of the coasts of southern Italy from Vandal sea-raiders in the middle of the fifth century; his grandfather appears in a Roman embassy to Attila the Hun, and his father (who bore the same name) served as ''comes sacrarum largitionum'' and ''comes rerum privatarum'' to Odovacer and as Praetorian ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
