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GPG Suite
* Global public good, in economics, a ''public good'' available worldwide * GNU Privacy Guard GNU Privacy Guard (GnuPG or GPG) is a free-software replacement for Symantec's PGP cryptographic software suite. The software is compliant with RFC 4880, the IETF standards-track specification of OpenPGP. Modern versions of PGP are interoper ..., cryptography software * Goals against average (GAA), also known as ''goals per game'', sports statistic * Grains per gallon, water hardness measurement * '' The Good Pub Guide'', recommends pubs in the UK * Generalized Petersen graph, a type of mathematical graph Companies * Guinness Peat Group, an investment holding company * Grammophon-Philips Group, a previous name for record company PolyGram * Greenwood Publishing Group, an educational and academic publisher in the USA * Gas Powered Games, and their GPGNet online matchmaking service {{disambiguation ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Global Public Good
In traditional usage, a global public good (or global good) is a public good available on a more-or-less worldwide basis. There are many challenges to the traditional definition, which have far-reaching implications in the age of globalization. Definition In traditional usage, a pure global public good is a good that has the three following properties:Kaul, Inge, Isabelle Grunberg and Marc A. Stern (eds.) (1999). ''Global public goods: international cooperation in the 21st century''. NY: Oxford University Press, Inc.(PDF available.) * It is non-rivalrous. Consumption of this good by anyone does not reduce the quantity available to other agents. * It is non-excludable. It is impossible to prevent anyone from consuming that good. * It is available more-or-less worldwide. This concept is an extension of American economist Paul Samuelson's classic notion of public goods to the economics of globalization. The traditional theoretical concept of public goods does not distinguish wi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
GNU Privacy Guard
GNU Privacy Guard (GnuPG or GPG) is a free-software replacement for Symantec's PGP cryptographic software suite. The software is compliant with RFC 4880, the IETF standards-track specification of OpenPGP. Modern versions of PGP are interoperable with GnuPG and other OpenPGP-compliant systems. GnuPG is part of the GNU Project and received major funding from the German government in 1999. Overview GnuPG is a hybrid-encryption software program because it uses a combination of conventional symmetric-key cryptography for speed, and public-key cryptography for ease of secure key exchange, typically by using the recipient's public key to encrypt a session key which is used only once. This mode of operation is part of the OpenPGP standard and has been part of PGP from its first version. The GnuPG 1.x series uses an integrated cryptographic library, while the GnuPG 2.x series replaces this with Libgcrypt. GnuPG encrypts messages using asymmetric key pairs individ ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Goals Against Average
Goals against average (GAA) also known as "average goals against" or "AGA" is a statistic used in field hockey, ice hockey, lacrosse, soccer, and water polo that is the mean of goals allowed per game by a goaltender or goalkeeper (depending on sport). GAA is analogous to a baseball pitcher's earned run average (ERA). In Japanese, the same translation (防御率) is used for both GAA and ERA, because of this. For ice hockey, the goals against average statistic is the number of goals a goaltender allows per 60 minutes of playing time. It is calculated by taking the number of goals against, multiply that by 60 (minutes) and then dividing by the number of minutes played. The modification is used by the NHL since 1965 and the IIHF since 1990. When calculating GAA, overtime goals and time on ice are included, whereas empty net and shootout goals are not. It is typically given to two decimal places. The top goaltenders in the National Hockey League have a GAA of about 1.85-2.10, alth ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Grains Per Gallon
The grain per gallon (gpg) is a unit of water hardness defined as 1 grain (64.8 milligrams) of calcium carbonate dissolved in 1 US gallon of water (3.785412 L). It translates into 1 part in about 58,000 parts of water or 17.1 parts per million (ppm). Also called Clark degree (in terms of an imperial gallon). Usage Calcium and magnesium Magnesium is a chemical element with the symbol Mg and atomic number 12. It is a shiny gray metal having a low density, low melting point and high chemical reactivity. Like the other alkaline earth metals (group 2 of the periodic ta ... ions present as sulfates, chlorides, carbonates and bicarbonates cause water to be hard. Water chemists measure water impurities in parts per million (ppm). For understandability, hardness ordinarily is expressed in grains of hardness per gallon of water (gpg). The two systems can be converted mathematically. Measurement of water hardness According to the Water Quality Association: * soft: 0-3.5 ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
The Good Pub Guide
''The Good Pub Guide'' is a long-running Restaurant rating, critical publication which lists and rates public houses (pubs) in the United Kingdom.The Good Pub Guide 2009 launch press release Published by Random House's Ebury Publishing subsidiary since 1982, it is released annually in book form and, since 2009, online. By 2009, the book form guide contained over 5,000 of pubs based upon food, drink, and atmosphere. There were 1,140 fully inspected main entries and 1,931 entries recommended by readers which had yet to be inspected. In addition, the website contained a list of 55,000 pubs. New Media Age [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Generalized Petersen Graph
In graph theory, the generalized Petersen graphs are a family of cubic graphs formed by connecting the vertices of a regular polygon to the corresponding vertices of a star polygon. They include the Petersen graph and generalize one of the ways of constructing the Petersen graph. The generalized Petersen graph family was introduced in 1950 by H. S. M. Coxeter and was given its name in 1969 by Mark Watkins. Definition and notation In Watkins' notation, ''G''(''n'', ''k'') is a graph with vertex set :\ and edge set :\ where subscripts are to be read modulo ''n'' and ''k'' < ''n''/2. Some authors use the notation ''GPG''(''n'', ''k''). Coxeter's notation for the same graph would be + , a combination of the Schläfli symbols for the regular ''n''-gon and star polygon from which the graph is formed. The Petersen graph itself is ''G''(5, 2) or + . Any generalized Petersen graph can also be constructed from a voltage graph with two vertices, two self-loops, and one other ed ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Guinness Peat Group
Guinness Peat Group was an investment holding company with interests in Europe, Australia and New Zealand. History The company, which had been formed as an investment offshoot of London based investment bank Guinness Mahon in the 1980s, was acquired by Brierley Investments in 1990. The company's shares were listed on the New Zealand Exchange (NZX) in 1991, on the London Stock Exchange (LSE) in 1992 and the Australian Securities Exchange (ASX) in 1993. In 2000, the company spearheaded a campaign to stop the London Stock Exchange from merging with Germany's Deutsche Börse. Having disposed of its other investments, in March 2015 the company was renamed Coats Group Coats Group plc is a British multi-national company. It is the world's largest manufacturer and distributor of sewing thread and supplies, and the second-largest manufacturer of zips and fasteners, after YKK. It is listed on the London Stock E ... after its remaining subsidiary. Notes References {{Authority con ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Grammophon-Philips Group
PolyGram N.V. was a multinational entertainment company and major music record label formerly based in the Netherlands. It was founded in 1962 as the Grammophon-Philips Group by Dutch corporation Philips and German corporation Siemens, to be a holding for their record companies, and was renamed "PolyGram" in 1972. The name was chosen to reflect the Siemens interest Polydor Records and the Philips interest Phonogram Records. The company traced its origins through Deutsche Grammophon back to the inventor of the flat disc gramophone, Emil Berliner. Later on, PolyGram expanded into the largest global entertainment company, creating film and television divisions. In May 1998, it was sold to the alcoholic distiller Seagram which owned film, television and music company Universal Studios. PolyGram was thereby folded into Universal Music Group, and PolyGram Filmed Entertainment was folded into Universal Pictures, which had been both Seagram successors of MCA Inc. When the ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Greenwood Publishing Group
Greenwood Publishing Group, Inc. (GPG), also known as ABC-Clio/Greenwood (stylized ABC-CLIO/Greenwood), is an educational and academic publisher (middle school through university level) which is today part of ABC-Clio. Established in 1967 as Greenwood Press, Inc. and based in Westport, Connecticut, GPG publishes reference works under its Greenwood Press imprint, and scholarly, professional, and general interest books under its related imprint, Praeger Publishers (). Also part of GPG is Libraries Unlimited, which publishes professional works for librarians and teachers. History 1967–1999 The company was founded as Greenwood Press, Inc. in 1967 by Harold Mason, a librarian and antiquarian bookseller, and Harold Schwartz who had a background in trade publishing. Based in Greenwood, New York, the company initially focused on reprinting out-of-print works, particularly titles listed in the American Library Association's first edition of ''Books for College Libraries'' (1967), unde ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
