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Functional Constituency (Hong Kong)
In the political systems of Hong Kong, a functional constituency is a professional or special interest group involved in the electoral process. Eligible voters in a functional constituency may include natural persons as well as other designated legal entities such as organisations and corporations. (See: legal personality) History The concept of functional constituencies (FC) in Hong Kong was first developed in the release of "Green Paper: A Pattern of District Administration in Hong Kong" on 18 July 1984 when indirect elections were introduced to the Legislative Council for the first time. The paper suggested that the Legislative Council create 24 seats with 12 seats from different professional interest groups. The 11 original functional constituencies created in 1985 were: * First Commercial ( HKGCC) * Second Commercial ( CGCC) * First Industrial ( FHKI) * Second Industrial ( CMAHK) * Financial ( HKAB) * Labour (2 seats) * Social Services ( HKCSS) * Medical ( HKMA) ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Politics Of Hong Kong
The politics of Hong Kong takes place in a framework of a political system dominated by its constitutional document, the Hong Kong Basic Law, its own legislature, the Chief Executive as the head of government and of the Special Administrative Region and of a politically constrained multi-party presidential system. The Government of the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of the People's Republic of China is led by the Chief Executive, the head of government. On 1 July 1997, sovereignty of Hong Kong was transferred to China (PRC), ending over one and a half centuries of British rule. Hong Kong became a Special Administrative Region (SAR) of the PRC with a high degree of autonomy in all matters except foreign affairs and defence, which are responsibilities of the PRC government. According to the Sino-British Joint Declaration (1984) and the Basic Law, Hong Kong will retain its political, economic and judicial systems and unique way of life and continue to participate in i ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Medical (constituency)
The Medical functional constituency () was a functional constituency in the elections for the Legislative Council of Hong Kong first created as one of the 12 functional constituency seats created for the 1985 Legislative Council election. It corresponds to the Medical Subsector in the Election Committee The Election Committee is a Hong Kong electoral college, the function of which is to select the Chief Executive (CE) and, since 2021, to elect 40 of the 90 members of the Legislative Council. Established by Annex I of the Basic Law of Hong .... Electors include all medical participators and dentists. It was combined with Health Services into Medical and Health Services functional constituency in the major electoral overhaul in 2021. Return members Electoral results 2010s 2000s 1990s 1980s References {{Hong Kong Legislative Council co ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Regional Council (constituency)
The Regional Council was an electoral college created in 1986 and became one of the functional constituencies between 1991 and 2000 for the Legislative Council of Hong Kong, until the Urban Council and the Regional Council themselves were abolished in 1999 and the constituencies replaced by District Council and Catering Catering is the business of providing food service at a remote site or a site such as a hotel, hospital, pub, aircraft, cruise ship, park, festival, filming location or film studio. History of catering The earliest account of major services be ... in the 2000 LegCo election. The constituency was composed of members of the Regional Council. Legislative Council members Election results 1990s 1980s References {{Hong Kong Legislative Council constituencies 1998–2000 Regional Council of Hong Kong Constituencies of Hong Kong Constituencies of Hong Kong Legislative Council 1986 establishments ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Urban Council (constituency)
The Urban Council was an election college created in 1985 Legislative Council election and became one of the functional constituencies between 1991 and 1998 for the Legislative Council of Hong Kong, until the Urban Council and Regional Council were abolished in 1999 and replaced by District Council and Catering Catering is the business of providing food service at a remote site or a site such as a hotel, hospital, pub, aircraft, cruise ship, park, festival, filming location or film studio. History of catering The earliest account of major services be .... Legislative Council members Election results 1990s 1980s References {{Hong Kong Legislative Council constituencies 1998–2000 Urban Council of Hong Kong Constituencies of Hong Kong Constituencies of Hong Kong Legislative Council 1985 establishments in Hong Kong Constituencies established in 1985 ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Financial Services (constituency)
The Financial Services functional constituency () is a functional constituency in the elections for the Legislative Council of Hong Kong first created in 1991. The constituency is composed of 760 financial services participants. These are, specifically, corporate members of the Chinese Gold and Silver Exchange Society The Chinese Gold and Silver Exchange Society is an organisation of gold trading firms in Hong Kong who are participants of the Chinese Gold and Silver Exchange, the first exchange in Hong Kong. Chinese Gold & Silver Exchange (“CGSE”) was ... entitled to vote at general meetings, and participants of other exchange societies. Return members Electoral results 2020s 2010s 2000s 1990s References {{Hong Kong Legislative Council constituencies (2021-2025) Constituencies of Hong Kong Constituencies of Hong Kong Legislative Cou ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Tourism (constituency)
The Tourism functional constituency () is a functional constituency in the elections for the Legislative Council of Hong Kong The Legislative Council of the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region (LegCo) is the unicameral legislature of Hong Kong. It sits under China's " one country, two systems" constitutional arrangement, and is the power centre of Hong Kong ... first created in 1998. Composition After the 2021 electoral overhaul, the Tourism functional constituency is composed of the following bodies— * bodies that are— ** travel agents holding licences as defined by section 2 of the Travel Agents Ordinance (); and ** any of the following— *** corporate members of the Travel Industry Council of Hong Kong entitled to vote at the Board of Directors of the Council; *** corporate members of Hong Kong Association of China Travel Organisers Limited entitled to vote at the Executive Committee of the company; *** corporate members of International Chinese Tourist ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Real Estate And Construction (constituency)
The Real Estate and Construction functional constituency () is a functional constituency in the elections for the Legislative Council of Hong Kong first created in 1991. The constituency is composed of 463 corporate members of the Real Estate Developers Association of Hong Kong The Real Estate Developers Association of Hong Kong (REDA; ) is a business organization representing the property development industry in Hong Kong. It was established in 1965 under the chairmanship of Henry Fok. The association's members included ..., Hong Kong Construction Association, and Hong Kong E&M Contractors' Association to vote at general meetings of the Associations. Prior to the 2021 electoral overhaul, the eligible voters included individual members. Return members Electoral results 2020s 2010s 2000s 1990s References {{Hong Kong Legislative Council constituencies (2021-2025) Constituencies of Hong K ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Engineering (constituency)
The Engineering functional constituency () is a functional constituency in the elections for the Legislative Council of Hong Kong first created in 1991, derived from the Engineering, Architectural, Surveying and Planning functional constituency. The constituency is composed of professional engineers and the members of the Hong Kong Institution of Engineers The Hong Kong Institution of Engineers (HKIE, ) is a professional body of engineers in Hong Kong. It was founded in 1947 as the ''Engineering Society of Hong Kong'' and was incorporated by the Legislative Council of Hong Kong as ''The Hong Kong .... As of 2021, it was composed of 10,772 registered voters. Return members Electoral results 2020s 2010s 2000s 1990s References {{Hong Kong Legislative Council constituencies (2021-2025) Constituencies of Hong Kong Constituencies of Hong Kong Legislativ ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Heung Yee Kuk (constituency)
The Heung Yee Kuk functional constituency, formerly called the Rural functional constituency, is a functional constituency in the elections for the Legislative Council of Hong Kong first created in 1991. The constituency is composed of the chairman and vice chairmen of the Heung Yee Kuk and the ex officio, special and co-opted councillors of the full Council of the Kuk. One of the functional constituencies with the fewest electorates, it had only 155 registered voters in 2020. It corresponds to the Heung Yee Kuk Subsector in the Election Committee. Since the 2016 Legislative Council election, it has been represented by the chairman of the Kuk, Kenneth Lau, succeeding his father, former longtime Kuk chairman Lau Wong-fat who held the seat from 1991 to 2004 and from 2008 until he stepped down in 2016 due to his absence from the office because of ill health. Lau Wong-fat's tenure was interrupted when he represented the District Council functional constituency from 2004 to 2008 whi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Health Services (constituency)
The Health Services functional constituency (), formerly called the Health Care, was a functional constituency (Hong Kong), functional constituency in the elections for the Legislative Council of Hong Kong first created for the 1988 Hong Kong legislative election, 1988 Legislative Council election. The constituency is composed of health services related professionals with one of the larger number of electorates among the functional constituencies. It was a stronghold of the pro-democracy camp, holding the seat since its creation. It was merged with Medical (constituency), Medical into Medical and Health Services (constituency), Medical and Health Services functional constituency in the 2021 Hong Kong electoral reform, major electoral overhaul in 2021. Composition The Health Services functional constituency is composed of chiropractors, nurses, midwives, pharmacists, medical laboratory technologists, radiographers, physiotherapists, occupational therapists, optometrists, dental hy ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Accountancy (constituency)
The Accountancy functional constituency () is a functional constituency seat in the Legislative Council of Hong Kong first created for the 1988 Legislative Council election, derived from the Financial functional constituency. In 2020, the constituency was composed of some 25,000 certified public accountants (CPAs) as compared to 222,000 citizens on average for the geographical constituencies. It is one of the swing seats between the pro-Beijing and pro-democracy camps. It had the largest field of candidates in the 2004 Legislative Council election among the functional constituencies with nine candidates running in the constituency. Independent democrat Mandy Tam defeated pro-Beijing independent Paul Chan, but the result was reversed in 2008 when Mandy Tam lost her re-election to Paul Chan. Chan was resigned before the 2012 Legislative Council election to be appointed Secretary for Development by Chief Executive Leung Chun-ying. From 2012, the seat was held by Kenneth Leung of ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Architectural, Surveying And Planning (constituency)
The Architectural, Surveying, Planning and Landscape functional constituency () is a functional constituency in the elections for the Legislative Council of Hong Kong. It was first created in 1985 as Engineering, Architectural, Surveying and Planning for the first ever Legislative Council election in 1985 as one of the original 12 functional constituency seats. The constituency was divided into Engineering and Architectural, Surveying and Planning in 1991. In the 2016 election, the constituency was changed to its current name when the landscape architects were added to the electorates. The constituency is composed of architects, landscape architects, surveyors, and planners and the members of Hong Kong Institute of Architects, Hong Kong Institute of Landscape Architects, Hong Kong Institute of Surveyors, and Hong Kong Institute of Planners entitled to vote at the general meetings of the associations. As of 2020, there are 9,096 registered voters. It is one of the few swing ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
