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Fujiwara No Mototsune
, also known as , was a Japanese statesman, courtier and aristocrat of the early Heian period.Nussbaum, Louis-Frédéric. (2005). "Fujiwara no Mototsune" in ; Brinkley, Frank ''et al.'' (1915). He was the first '' kampaku'', a regent of an adult emperor, in Japanese history''.'' Biography He was born the third son of Fujiwara no Nagara, but was adopted by his powerful uncle Fujiwara no Yoshifusa, who had no sons. Mototsune followed in Yoshifusa's footsteps, holding power in the court in the position of regent for four successive emperors. Mototsune invented the position of '' kampaku'' regent for himself in order to remain in power even after an emperor reached maturity. This innovation allowed the Fujiwara clan to tighten its grip on power right throughout an emperor's reign. Mototsune is referred to as ''Shōsen Kō'' (昭宣公) (posthumous name as Daijō Daijin). Career * 864 (''Jōgan 6''): Mototsune was named ''Sangi'' * 866 (''Jōgan 8''): ''Chūnagon'' * 870 (''Jō ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Kikuchi Yōsai
, also known as Kikuchi Takeyasu and Kawahara Ryōhei, was a Japanese painter most famous for his monochrome portraits of historical figures. Biography The son of a samurai named Kawahara of Edo, he was adopted by a family named Kikuchi. When eighteen, he became a pupil of Takata Enjō; but, after studying the principles of the Kanō, Shijō, and Maruyama schools, perhaps, under Ozui, a son of Ōkyo, he developed an independent style, having some affinities with that of Tani Bunchō. His illustrated history of Japanese heroes, the '' Zenken Kojitsu'', is a remarkable specimen of his skill as a draughtsman in monochrome ink. In order to produce this work, and his many other portraits of historical figures, he performed extensive historical, and even archaeological, research. ''Zenken Kojitsu'' features over 500 major figures in Japanese history, and was originally printed as a series of ten woodblock printed books, in 1878. Style Nakane Kōtei (中根 香亭) point ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Kanpyō (era)
, also romanized as Kampyō was a after ''Ninna'' and before '' Shōtai.'' This period spanned the years from April 889 through April 898. The reigning emperors were and . Change of era * February 4, 889 : The new era name was created to mark an event or series of events. The previous era ended and the new one commenced in ''Ninna'' 5, on the 27th day of the 4th month of 889. Events of the ''Kanpyō'' era * 889 (''Kanpyō 1, 10th month''): The former-Emperor Yōzei was newly attacked by the mental illness. Yōzei would enter the palace and address courtiers he would meet with the greatest rudeness. He became increasingly furious. He garroted women with the strings of musical instruments and then threw the bodies into a lake. While riding on horseback, he directed his mount to run over people. Sometimes he simply disappeared into the mountains where he chased wild boars and red deer. * August 4, 897 (''Kanpyō 9, 3rd day of the 7th month''): In the 10th year of Uda''-te ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Emperor Kōkō
was the 58th emperor of Japan, Imperial Household Agency (''Kunaichō'') 光孝天皇 (58)/ref> according to the traditional order of succession. Kōkō reigned from 884 to 887. Traditional narrative Before the emperor's ascension to the Chrysanthemum Throne, his name (''imina'') was or ''Komatsu-tei''. He would later be identified sometimes as "the Emperor of Komatsu". This resulted in the later Emperor Go-Komatsu adopting this name (''go-'' meaning "later", so "Later Emperor Komatsu" or "Emperor Komatsu II"). Tokiyasu ''Shinnō'' was the third son of Emperor Ninmyō. His mother was Fujiwara no Sawako. Kōkō had four Imperial consorts and 41 Imperial sons and daughters.Brown, p. 289. Events of Kōkō's life The first '' kampaku'' Fujiwara no Mototsune was influential in the process by which Kōkō became an emperor. At the time Emperor Yōzei was deposed, Prince Tokiaytsu was already Governor of Hitachi and Chief Minister of Ceremonies (''Jibu-kyō'', 治部卿) Ac ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Emperor Uda
was the 59th emperor of Japan, Imperial Household Agency (''Kunaichō'') 宇多天皇 (59)/ref> according to the traditional order of succession. Uda's reign spanned the years from 887 through 897. Traditional narrative Name and legacy Before his ascension to the Chrysanthemum Throne, his personal name (''imina'') was or ''Chōjiin-tei''. Emperor Uda was the third son of Emperor Kōkō. His mother was Empress Dowager Hanshi, a daughter of Prince Nakano (who was himself a son of Emperor Kanmu). Uda had five Imperial consorts and 20 Imperial children.Brown, p. 289. Particularly important sons include: * Prince Atsuhito (884–930). * Prince Atsuzane (敦実親王) (893–967). Historical background In ancient Japan, there were four noble clans, the '' Gempeitōkitsu'' (源平藤橘). One of these clans, the Minamoto clan (源氏), is also known as Genji. Some of Uda's grandchildren were granted the surname ''Minamoto'' (Minamoto is the most used surname for former Ja ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Emperor Murakami
was the 62nd emperor of Japan, Imperial Household Agency (''Kunaichō'') 村上天皇 (62)/ref> according to the traditional order of succession. Murakami's reign spanned the years from 946 to his death in 967. Biography Before he ascended to the Chrysanthemum Throne, his personal name (''imina'') was Nariakira''-shinnō'' (成明親王). Nariakira''-shinnō'' was the 14th son of Emperor Daigo, and the younger brother of Emperor Suzaku by another mother. Murakami had ten Empresses and Imperial consorts and 19 Imperial sons and daughters. Events of Murakami's reign In 944, he was appointed crown prince and ascended the throne two years later. * 16 May 946 (''Tengyō 9, 13th day of the 4th month''): In the 16th year of the reign of Emperor Suzaku (朱雀天皇十六年), the emperor abdicated; and the succession (the ''senso'') was received by his younger brother, Nariakira-shinnō. * 31 May 946 (''Tengyō 9, 28th day of the 4th month''): Shortly thereafter, Emperor Murakami ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Emperor Suzaku
was the 61st emperor of Japan,Imperial Household Agency (''Kunaichō'') 朱雀天皇 (61)/ref> according to the traditional order of succession. Suzaku's reign spanned the years from 930 through 946. Biography Before his ascension of the Chrysanthemum Throne, his personal name (''imina'') was Hiroakira''-shinnō''.Titsingh p. 134 Varley, p. 181. He was also known as .Brown, p. 294. Hiroakira''-shinnō'' was the 11th son of Emperor Daigo and Empress Consort Onshi, a daughter of the regent and great minister of the council of state, Fujiwara no Mototsune. Suzaku had two Empresses or consorts and one Imperial daughter.Brown, p. 295 Events of Suzaku's life Suzaku's older brother died unexpectedly young, as did his brother's son. These untimely deaths opened the way for Suzaku to accede to the throne. * October 16, 930 (''Enchō 8, 22nd day of the 9th month''): In the 33rd year of the reign of Daigo-tennō (醍醐天皇三十三年), the emperor abdicated; and the succession (th ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Emperor Daigo
was the 60th emperor of Japan, Imperial Household Agency (''Kunaichō'') 醍醐天皇 (60)/ref> according to the traditional order of succession. Daigo's reign spanned the years from 897 through 930. He is named after his place of burial. Genealogy Daigo was the eldest son of his predecessor, Emperor Uda. His mother was Fujiwara no Taneko (or Inshi), daughter of the minister of the center, Fujiwara no Takafuji.Varley, p. 179. He succeeded the throne at the young age after his father, the Emperor Uda, abdicated in 897. His mother died before his ascension, so he was raised by another Uda consort, Fujiwara no Onshi, daughter of the former '' kampaku'' Fujiwara no Mototsune. Daigo's grandfather, Emperor Kōkō, had demoted his sons from the rank of imperial royals to that of subjects in order to reduce the state expenses, as well as their political influence; in addition, they were given the family name Minamoto. As such, Daigo was not born as a royalty and was named Minamoto ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Fujiwara No Onshi
was an Empress consort of Japan. The youngest daughter of Kampaku Fujiwara no Mototsune, she was the wife of Emperor Daigo was the 60th emperor of Japan,Imperial Household Agency (''Kunaichō'') 醍醐天皇 (60)/ref> according to the traditional order of succession. Daigo's reign spanned the years from 897 through 930. He is named after his place of burial. G ... and the mother of emperor Suzaku and Murakami. Life Onshi shared her name with her elder sister, Fujiwara no Onshii (882 – 907), who was the wife of Emperor Uda of Japan and the adoptive mother of Emperor Daigo. In 930, her spouse, the retired Emperor Daigo, as well as her father-in-law, the retired Emperor Uda, died, leaving Fujiwara no Onshi in a very influential position as the mother of the young Emperor Suzaku as well as the Crown Prince Murakami. This position allowed her to become the Head of the Imperial Family, and she institutionalized the role of the Emperor's mother and her office as synony ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Emperor Seiwa
was the 56th emperor of Japan,Imperial Household Agency (''Kunaichō'') 清和天皇 (56)/ref> according to the traditional List of Emperors of Japan, order of succession. Seiwa's reign spanned the years from 858 through 876.He was also the predecessor of Takeda ryu?action=edit&redlink=1, Takeda ryu. Traditional narrative Seiwa was the fourth son of Emperor Montoku. His mother was Empress Dowager Fujiwara no Akirakeiko (明子), also called the Somedono empress (染殿后). Seiwa's mother was the daughter of Fujiwara no Yoshifusa (藤原良房), who was regent and great minister of the council of state. He was the younger half-brother of Imperial Prince Koretaka (惟喬親王; 844–897) Imina Before his ascension to the Chrysanthemum Throne, his personal name (his ''imina'') was ,Titsingh, the first member of the Imperial House of Japan, Imperial house to be personally named "-hito" wikt:仁#Japanese, 仁. One meaning of the character 仁 is the Confucianism, Confucian conc ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Fujiwara No Tadahira
was a Japanese statesman, courtier and politician during the Heian period.Nussbaum, Louis-Frédéric. (2005). "Fujiwara no Tadahira" in ; Brinkley, Frank ''et al.'' (1915). He is also known as ''Teishin-Kō'' (貞信公) or ''Ko-ichijō Dono'' (小一条殿) or ''Ko-ichijō daijō-daijin''. Career Tadahira was a ''kuge'' (Japanese noble) who is credited with writing and publishing ''Engishiki''. He is one of the principal editors responsible for the development of the Japanese legal code known as '' Sandai-kyaku-shiki'', sometimes referred to as the ''Rules and Regulations of the Three Generations''. Tadahira served as regent under Emperor Suzaku who ruled from 930 to 946. * September 17, 914 (''Engi 14, 25th day of the 8th month''): ''Dainagon'' Tadahira was named ''udaijin''. * October 16, 930 (''Enchō 8, 22nd day of the 9th month''): Tadahira was appointed '' sesshō''. * September 7, 936 (''Jōhei 6, 19th day of the 8th month''): He assumed the role of ''daijō-daijin'' ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Fujiwara No Nakahira
, also known as ''Biwa no daijin'', was a Japanese statesman, courtier and politician during the Heian period.Nussbaum, Louis-Frédéric. (2005). "Fujiwara no Nakahira" in ; Brinkley, Frank ''et al.'' (1915). In 945 he took tonsure as a Buddhist monk and died the same year. His Dharma name was Seikan (静寛). Career at court He was a minister during the reigns of Emperor Daigo and Emperor Suzaku. : * 932 (''Jōhei 2, 8th month''): Nakahira was made ''udaijin''. * 945 (''Tengyō 8, 9th month''): ''Sadaijin'' Nakahira died; and he was posthumously honored by the emperor. Genealogy This member of the Fujiwara clan was the son of Fujiwara no Mototsune. Nakahira's brothers were Fujiwara no Tokihira and Fujiwara no Tadahira.Brinkley, Notes References * Brinkley, Frank and Dairoku Kikuchi. (1915). ''A History of the Japanese People from the Earliest Times to the End of the Meiji Era.'' New York: Encyclopædia BritannicaOCLC 413099* Nussbaum, Louis-Frédéric and Käthe Roth ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Sadaijin
The ''Kenkyusha's New Japanese-English Dictionary'', Kenkyusha Limited, was a government position in Japan in the late Nara and Heian periods. The position was consolidated in the Taihō Code of 702. The Asuka Kiyomihara Code of 689 marks the initial appearance of the ''sadaijin'' in the context of a central administrative body called the ''Daijō-kan'' (Council of State). This early Daijō-kan was composed of the three ministers—the ''daijō-daijin'' (Chancellor), the ''sadaijin'' and the ''udaijin'' (Minister of the Right).Hall, John Whitney ''et al.'' (1993)''The Cambridge History of Japan'', p. 232./ref> The ''sadaijin'' was the Senior Minister of State, overseeing all functions of government with the ''udaijin'' as his deputy.''Shin-meikai-kokugo-jiten'',Sanseido Co., Ltd. Tokyo 1974 Within the ''Daijō-kan'', the ''sadaijin'' was second only to the ''daijō-daijin'' (the Great Minister, or Chancellor of the Realm) in power and influence. Frequently, a member of the Fujiwa ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
