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Friedrich Kurg
Friedrich Kurg (10 January 1898 – 31 July 1945) was an Estonian military major and Forest Brother partisan. Personal life Friedrich Kurg was born in Sangaste Parish, on 10 January 1898. Kurg studied at the St. Petersburg Secondary School of Science. On 29 October 1917, he completed the flagship course as an ensign under an accelerated program at the Vladimir School. On 21 May 1923, Kurg married Marta Inn. They had two daughters, Juta Sepper and Viia Kurg. Viia was killed during a raid in 1945 on Saviküla farm in Soontaga, aged 20. Military career On 30 November 1918, Kurg enlisted in the Estonian Army as a volunteer and served in the 2nd Squadron of the 1st Riding Regiment. In the Battle of Munamägi in the War of Independence, he stood out for his personal courage, for which he was awarded the 3rd degree of the Cross of Liberty, and after the war he was given 25 hectares of farmland near Hummuli. Military Career in the Estonian Defense League In February 1919, Kurg ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Otepää Parish
Otepää Parish ( et, Otepää vald) is a rural municipality in Valga County, southern Estonia. It includes the town of Otepää. Settlements ;Town Otepää ;Small boroughs Puka - Sangaste ;Villages Ädu - Arula- Ilmjärve - Kääriku - Kähri - Kassiratta - Kastolatsi - Kaurutootsi - Keeni - Kibena - Koigu - Kolli - Komsi - Kuigatsi - Kurevere - Lauküla - Lossiküla - Lutike - Mäeküla - Mägestiku - Mägiste - Mäha - Märdi - Makita - Meegaste - Miti - Neeruti - Nõuni - Nüpli - Otepää küla - Pedajamäe - Päidla - Pilkuse - Plika - Põru - Prange - Pringi - Pühajärve - Räbi - Raudsepa - Restu - Risttee - Ruuna - Sarapuu - Sihva - Tiidu - Tõutsi - Truuta - Vaalu - Vaardi - Vana-Otepää - Vidrike Religion See also *Tehvandi Sports Center Tehvandi Sports Center ( et, Tehvandi Spordikeskus) is a complex of sports facilities in Otepää Parish, Estonia. It includes multi-purpose stadium (athletics and football), ski sta ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Hummuli
Hummuli (german: Hummelshof) is a small borough ( et, alevik) in Valga County, in southern Estonia. It was the administrative centre of Hummuli Parish. Hummuli has a population of 379 (as of 1 January 2010). In 1702 the Battle of Hummelshof, part of the Great Northern War, took place near Hummuli. Hummuli manor Hummuli manor has a history that goes back to at least 1470. The present-day building however dates from the 1860s, when the manor belonged to the local aristocrats von Samson-Himmelstjerna, who were the owners of the estate right up until 1914. Today the manor houses a school, and although a few interior details remain, the interior layout of the neo-Gothic building has changed drastically. In 1919 a battle of the Estonian War of Independence The Estonian War of Independence ( et, Vabadussõda, literally "Freedom War"), also known as the Estonian Liberation War, was a defensive campaign of the Estonian Army and its allies, most notably the United Kingdom, agains ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Tartu
Tartu is the second largest city in Estonia after the Northern European country's political and financial capital, Tallinn. Tartu has a population of 91,407 (as of 2021). It is southeast of Tallinn and 245 kilometres (152 miles) northeast of Riga, Latvia. Tartu lies on the Emajõgi river, which connects the two largest lakes in Estonia, Lake Võrtsjärv and Lake Peipus. From the 13th century until the end of the 19th century, Tartu was known in most of the world by variants of its historical name Dorpat. Tartu, the largest urban centre of southern Estonia, is often considered the "intellectual capital city" of the country, especially as it is home to the nation's oldest and most renowned university, the University of Tartu (founded in 1632). Tartu also houses the Supreme Court of Estonia, the Ministry of Education and Research, the Estonian National Museum, and the oldest Estonian-language theatre, Vanemuine. It is also the birthplace of the Estonian Song Festivals. Tar ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
German Army (1935–1945)
The German Army (german: Heer, ; ) was the Army, land forces component of the ''Wehrmacht'', the regular German Armed Forces, from 1935 until it effectively ceased to exist in 1945 and then was formally dissolved in August 1946. During World War II, a total of about 13.6 million soldiers served in the German Army. Army personnel were made up of volunteers and conscripts. Only 17 months after Adolf Hitler announced the German rearmament program in 1935, the army reached its projected goal of 36 Division (military), divisions. During the autumn of 1937, two more corps were formed. In 1938 four additional corps were formed with the inclusion of the five divisions of the Austrian Army after the ''Anschluss'' in March. During the period of its expansion under Hitler, the German Army continued to develop concepts pioneered during World War I, combining ground and air assets into combined arms forces. Coupled with operational and tactical methods such as encirclements and "battle of a ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Summer War
The Summer War (Estonian: ''Suvesõda)'' was the occupation of Estonia during the Second World War. It was fought between the Forest Brothers (Metsavennad), the Omakaitse, and the Wehrmacht's 18th Army against the forces of the 8th Army of the USSR and the NKVD. Background On June 17, 1940, the USSR occupied Estonia and on August 6, Estonia became a Soviet Socialist Republic. Estonian civilians and potential Soviet opponents were repressed and sent to prison camps and settlements in the Soviet Union during the deportation in June. Invasion When the Third Reich invaded the Soviet Union on June 22, 1941, some Estonians hoped that the Germans would liberate the Baltics from Soviet rule. The Army Group Nord, led by Marshal General Wilhelm Ritter von Leeb, invaded Estonia. In Northern Estonia, the Soviets' Destruction battalions fiercely defended the area, and it was the last to be occupied by Germany, Around 12,000 partisans of the Estonian Forest Brothers attacked the NKVD for ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Kurelaane
Kurelaane is a village in Elva Parish, Tartu County in eastern Estonia Estonia, formally the Republic of Estonia, is a country by the Baltic Sea in Northern Europe. It is bordered to the north by the Gulf of Finland across from Finland, to the west by the sea across from Sweden, to the south by Latvia, a .... (retrieved 28 July 2021) References Villages in Tartu County {{Tartu-geo-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
June Deportation
The June deportation ( et, juuniküüditamine, lv, jūnija deportācijas, lt, birželio trėmimai) was a Population transfer in the Soviet Union, mass deportation by the Soviet Union of tens of thousands of people from the Soviet occupation of the Baltic states (1940), territories occupied in 1940–1941: Estonia, Latvia, Lithuania, Territories of Poland annexed by the Soviet Union, occupied Poland (mostly present-day West Belarus, western Belarus and western Ukraine), and Soviet deportations from Bessarabia and Northern Bukovina#1941, Moldavia. This mass deportation was organized following the guidelines set by the NKVD with the USSR Interior People's Commissar Lavrentiy Beria as the senior executor. The official name of the top secret operation was “Resolution On the Eviction of the Socially Foreign Elements from the Baltic Republics, Western Ukraine, Western Belarus and Moldova”. The Soviet police, called "''militsya''", carried out the arrests with the collaboration of lo ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Soviet Occupation Of The Baltic States (1940)
The Soviet occupation of the Baltic states covers the period from the Soviet Union, Soviet–Baltic States, Baltic mutual assistance pacts in 1939, to their invasion and annexation in 1940, to the mass deportations of 1941. In September and October 1939 the Soviet government compelled the much smaller Baltic states to conclude mutual assistance pacts which gave the Soviets the right to establish military bases there. Following invasion by the Red Army in the summer of 1940, Soviet authorities compelled the Baltic governments to resign. The presidents of Estonia and Latvia were imprisoned and later died in Siberia. Under Soviet supervision, new puppet communist governments and fellow travelers arranged rigged elections with falsified results. Shortly thereafter, the newly elected "people's assemblies" passed resolutions requesting admission into the Soviet Union. In June 1941 the new Soviet governments carried out mass deportations of "enemies of the people". Consequently, at fi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Major
Major (commandant in certain jurisdictions) is a military rank of commissioned officer status, with corresponding ranks existing in many military forces throughout the world. When used unhyphenated and in conjunction with no other indicators, major is one rank above captain, and one rank below lieutenant colonel. It is considered the most junior of the field officer ranks. Background Majors are typically assigned as specialised executive or operations officers for battalion-sized units of 300 to 1,200 soldiers while in some nations, like Germany, majors are often in command of a company. When used in hyphenated or combined fashion, the term can also imply seniority at other levels of rank, including ''general-major'' or ''major general'', denoting a low-level general officer, and ''sergeant major'', denoting the most senior non-commissioned officer (NCO) of a military unit. The term ''major'' can also be used with a hyphen to denote the leader of a military band such as ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Kultuur Ja Elu
''Kultuur ja Elu'' (meaning "Culture and Life" in English) is an Estonian magazine dedicated to culture. History and profile ''Kultuur ja Elu'' has been issued since 1958. In the 21st century, the journal developed into an almost exclusively military history publication, dealing primarily with the fate of Estonian soldiers in World War II. At times she was suspected of having a fondness for National Socialism. During the Soviet times the magazine was a publication of the Ministry of Culture of Estonian SSR and Estonian SSR Council of Trade Unions. Between 1858 and 1958 its name was ''Kultuuritöötaja'' (meaning ''Worker of Culture'' in English). Its content was related to "workers of culture", i.e., artists, actors, writers, critics, ets. It also published short literary works and has a section of photography. Since the 1990s, after re-establishing independence by Estonia, its main topics has included crimes of the Soviet regime and struggle for freedom against Communism and ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Captain
Captain is a title, an appellative for the commanding officer of a military unit; the supreme leader of a navy ship, merchant ship, aeroplane, spacecraft, or other vessel; or the commander of a port, fire or police department, election precinct, etc. In militaries, the captain is typically at the level of an officer commanding a company or battalion of infantry, a ship, or a battery of artillery, or another distinct unit. The term also may be used as an informal or honorary title for persons in similar commanding roles. Etymology The term "captain" derives from (, , or 'the topmost'), which was used as title for a senior Byzantine military rank and office. The word was Latinized as capetanus/catepan, and its meaning seems to have merged with that of the late Latin "capitaneus" (which derives from the classical Latin word "caput", meaning head). This hybridized term gave rise to the English language term captain and its equivalents in other languages (, , , , , , , , , kapitány, K ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Lieutenant
A lieutenant ( , ; abbreviated Lt., Lt, LT, Lieut and similar) is a commissioned officer rank in the armed forces of many nations. The meaning of lieutenant differs in different militaries (see comparative military ranks), but it is often subdivided into senior (first lieutenant) and junior (second lieutenant and even third lieutenant) ranks. In navies, it is often equivalent to the army rank of captain; it may also indicate a particular post rather than a rank. The rank is also used in fire services, emergency medical services, security services and police forces. Lieutenant may also appear as part of a title used in various other organisations with a codified command structure. It often designates someone who is " second-in-command", and as such, may precede the name of the rank directly above it. For example, a "lieutenant master" is likely to be second-in-command to the "master" in an organisation using both ranks. Political uses include lieutenant governor in various g ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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