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French Conquest Of Vietnam
The French conquest of Vietnam (1858–1885) was a long and limited war fought between the Second French Empire, later the French Third Republic and the Vietnamese empire of Đại Nam in the mid-late 19th century. Its end and results were victories for the French as they defeated the Vietnamese and their Chinese allies in 1885, the incorporation of Vietnam, Laos, and Cambodia, and finally established French rules over constituent territories of French Indochina over Mainland Southeast Asia in 1887. A joint Franco-Spanish expedition attacked Da Nang in 1858 and then retreated to invade Saigon. King Tu Duc signed a treaty in June 1862 granting the French sovereignty over three provinces in the South. The French annexed the three southwestern provinces in 1867 to form Cochinchina. Having consolidated their power in Cochinchina, the French conquered the rest of Vietnam through a series of battles in Tonkin, between 1873 and 1886. Tonkin at that time was in a state of near anarchy, d ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Prise De Saigon 18 Fevrier 1859 Antoine Morel-Fatio
Purveyance was an ancient Royal prerogative, prerogative right of the List of English monarchs, English Crown to purchase provisions and other necessaries for the royal household, at an appraised price, and to requisition horses and vehicles for royal use.{{Cite book , title=Osborn's Law Dictionary , publisher=Sweet & Maxwell , year=1983 , editor-last=Bird , editor-first=Roger , edition=Seventh, isbn=0-421-29680-1 It was finally abolished in 1660. History Under Edwards I–III The right was developed in England over the course of the late eleventh through the fourteenth centuries. In theory, the king's prerogative allowed him to collect goods needed for both household and military use, but the latter was discontinued in 1362. The primary problem with the system was that it was open to abuse from political corruption, corrupt officials, who would often requisition goods and sell them for profit or use extortion and other means to obtain items or money that was not passed on or di ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
French Third Republic
The French Third Republic (french: Troisième République, sometimes written as ) was the system of government adopted in France from 4 September 1870, when the Second French Empire collapsed during the Franco-Prussian War, until 10 July 1940, after the Fall of France during World War II led to the formation of the Vichy government. The early days of the Third Republic were dominated by political disruptions caused by the Franco-Prussian War of 1870–1871, which the Republic continued to wage after the fall of Emperor Napoleon III in 1870. Harsh reparations exacted by the Prussians after the war resulted in the loss of the French regions of Alsace (keeping the Territoire de Belfort) and Lorraine (the northeastern part, i.e. present-day department of Moselle), social upheaval, and the establishment of the Paris Commune. The early governments of the Third Republic considered re-establishing the monarchy, but disagreement as to the nature of that monarchy and the rightful occ ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Amédée Courbet
Anatole-Amédée-Prosper Courbet (26 June 1827 – 11 June 1885) was a French admiral who won a series of important land and naval victories during the Tonkin Campaign (1883–86) and the Sino-French War (August 1884 – April 1885). Early years Courbet was born in Abbeville as the youngest of three children. His father died when he was nine years old. He was educated at the École Polytechnique. From 1849 to 1853 Courbet served as a midshipman (''aspirant'') on the corvette ''Capricieuse'' (''capitaine de vaisseau'' Roquemaurel). ''Capricieuse'' circumnavigated the globe during this period and cruised for several months along the China Coast, giving Courbet his first experience of the seas in which, thirty years later, he would win fame. After his return to France he was posted to the brick ''Olivier'', attached to the Levant naval division. In December 1855, at Smyrna, he intervened to quell a mutiny aboard the ''Messageries impériales'' packet ''Tancrède'', and was s ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Henri Rivière (naval Officer)
Henri Laurent Rivière (1827–1883) was a French naval officer and a writer who is chiefly remembered today for advancing the French conquest of Tonkin (northern Vietnam) in the 1880s. Rivière's seizure of the citadel of Hanoi in April 1882 inaugurated a period of undeclared hostilities between France and Dai Nam (as Vietnam was known then) that culminated one year later in the Tonkin campaign (1883–1886). Early career Born in Paris on 12 July 1827, Rivière entered the École Navale in October 1842. He passed out as a midshipman (second class) in August 1845, and saw his first naval service in the Pacific Ocean on ''Brillante''. In February 1847 he was posted to the South Seas naval division, to ''Virginie''. He was promoted to midshipman (first class) in September 1847 and to ''enseigne de vaisseau'' in September 1849. During the next five years he served in the Mediterranean squadron aboard ''Iéna'' (1850), ''Labrador'' (1851) and ''Jupiter'' (1852–54). Signific ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Jules Ferry
Jules François Camille Ferry (; 5 April 183217 March 1893) was a French statesman and republican philosopher. He was one of the leaders of the Moderate Republicans and served as Prime Minister of France from 1880 to 1881 and 1883 to 1885. He was a promoter of laicism and colonial expansion. Under the Third Republic, Ferry made primary education free and compulsory through several new laws. However, he was forced to resign following the Sino-French War in 1885 due to his unpopularity and public opinion against the war. Biography Early life and family Ferry was born Saint-Dié, in the Vosges department, to Charles-Édouard Ferry, a lawyer from a family that had established itself in Saint-Dié as bellmakers, and Adélaïde Jamelet. His paternal grandfather, François-Joseph Ferry, was mayor of Saint-Dié through the Consulate and the First Empire. He studied law, and was called to the bar at Paris in 1854, but soon went into politics, contributing to various newspapers, ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Francis Garnier
Marie Joseph François Garnier ( vi, Ngạc Nhi; 25 July 1839 – 21 December 1873) was a French officer, inspector of Indigenous Affairs of Cochinchina and explorer. He eventually became mission leader of the Mekong Exploration Commission in 19th century Southeast Asia. Early career Francis Garnier was born on 25 July 1839 in Saint-Étienne, as the second son of Louis-Alexandre Garnier and Anne Marie Félicité Garnier. In 1855, at 16, he joined the Ecole Navale, much to the dismay of his family who disapproved a military career, deeming it as being dangerous. In early 1860, 20 years old Garnier, then serving as an aspirant on the ''Duperré'' during the Second Opium War, jumped into a stormy sea at night to save the life of a cavalry lieutenant who had fallen overboard. For this act of bravery, Garnier was immediately promoted to ensign and got attached to the staff of Admiral Charner. Under Admiral Charner he fought in the Cochinchina Campaign and notably took part in ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Louis Adolphe Bonard
Louis Adolphe Bonard (27 March 1805 – 31 March 1867) was a French admiral who served in the Mediterranean and then for many years in the Pacific. He was governor of French Guiana from 1853 to 1855, and governor of Cochinchina (southern Vietnam) from 1861 to 1863. Life Early career (1805–42) Louis-Adolphe Bonard was born on 27 March 1805 in Cherbourg, Manche. He graduated from the École Polytechnique in 1825 and chose to join the navy. In 1829 Bonard was on the ''Silène'', which was wrecked near Algiers on the night of 14–15 May 1929. He was taken prisoner by the Algerians. He was promoted to ''enseigne de vaisseau'' (ensign) on 10 November 1830 for his conduct during the Invasion of Algiers in 1830. He served in the Mediterrean in 1831–33 on the ''Sphynx'' and the ''Palinure''. Bonard was promoted to '' lieutenant de vaisseau'' (ship-of-the-line lieutenant) in March 1831. In 1833 he served on the ''Grenadier'' in the Levant. In 1834 he was harbour master in Mers El K ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Léonard Charner
Léonard Victor Joseph Charner (13 February 1797 – 7 February 1869) was an Admiral of the French Navy. Early career (1797–1837) Léonard Victor Joseph Charner was born on 13 February 1797 in Saint-Brieuc, Brittany. He became a cadet at the École de Marine in Toulon in February 1812, was appointed a midshipman in 1815 and served in several ships. He was promoted to ''enseigne de vaisseau'' (ensign) in 1820 and '' lieutenant de vaisseau'' (ship-of-the-line lieutenant) in 1828. He participated in the Invasion of Algiers in 1830. He recorded his observations in a memoir on the duration of naval manoeuvres. In 1832 Charner received the cross of the Legion of Honour for the capture of Ancona. Captain (1837–48) Charner became a ''capitaine de corvette'' (lieutenant commander) in 1837. As second in command of the ''Belle Poule'' he accompanied François d'Orléans, Prince of Joinville to Saint Helena to bring back the remains of Napoleon to France in 1840 (the Retour des cendres ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
François Page
François () is a French masculine given name and surname, equivalent to the English name Francis. People with the given name * Francis I of France, King of France (), known as "the Father and Restorer of Letters" * Francis II of France, King of France and King consort of Scots (), known as the husband of Mary Stuart, Queen of Scots * François Amoudruz (1926–2020), French resistance fighter * François-Marie Arouet (better known as Voltaire; 1694–1778), French Enlightenment writer, historian, and philosopher *François Aubry (other), several people * François Baby (other), several people * François Beauchemin (born 1980), Canadian ice hockey player for the Anaheim Duck *François Blanc (1806–1877), French entrepreneur and operator of casinos *François Boucher (other), several people *François Caron (other), several people * François Cevert (1944–1973), French racing driver * François Chau (born 1959), Cambodian American actor ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Charles Rigault De Genouilly
Admiral Pierre-Louis-Charles Rigault de Genouilly (, 12 April 1807 – 4 May 1873) was a French naval officer. He fought with distinction in the Crimean War and the Second Opium War, but is chiefly remembered today for his command of French and Spanish forces during the opening phase of the Cochinchina campaign (1858–62), which inaugurated the French conquest of Vietnam. Early career Charles Rigault de Genouilly was born and raised in Rochefort, Charente-Maritime, France, into a family with naval connections. His father was a naval engineer and his mother, Adélaïde-Caroline Mithon de Genouilly, was the niece and adopted daughter of Claude Mithon de Genouilly, a naval commander during the American War of Independence. Rigault de Genouilly entered the École Polytechnique in 1825.Randier, 342 He entered the navy as a midshipman in 1827, and served in the Morea expedition aboard the frigate ''Fleur de Lys'' during the Greek War of Independence. In 1828 he was transferred to ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Napoleon III
Napoleon III (Charles Louis Napoléon Bonaparte; 20 April 18089 January 1873) was the first President of France (as Louis-Napoléon Bonaparte) from 1848 to 1852 and the last monarch of France as Emperor of the French from 1852 to 1870. A nephew of Napoleon I, he was the last monarch to rule over France. Elected to the presidency of the Second Republic in 1848, he seized power by force in 1851, when he could not constitutionally be reelected; he later proclaimed himself Emperor of the French. He founded the Second Empire, reigning until the defeat of the French Army and his capture by Prussia and its allies at the Battle of Sedan in 1870. Napoleon III was a popular monarch who oversaw the modernization of the French economy and filled Paris with new boulevards and parks. He expanded the French overseas empire, made the French merchant navy the second largest in the world, and engaged in the Second Italian War of Independence as well as the disastrous Franco-Prussian War, dur ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Black Flag Army
The Black Flag Army (; , chữ Nôm: 軍旗𬹙) was a splinter remnant of a bandit group recruited largely from soldiers of ethnic Zhuang background, who crossed the border in 1865 from Guangxi, China into northern Vietnam, then during the Nguyễn dynasty. Although brigands, they were known mainly for their fights against the invading French forces, who were then moving into Tonkin (northern Vietnam). The Black Flag Army is so named because of the preference of its commander, Liu Yongfu, for using black command flags. The army was officially disbanded in 1885 as a result of the Treaty of Tientsin between France and China. However, remnants of the army continued to wage a guerilla war against French colonial authorities for years. With the sanction of both Vietnamese and Chinese authorities, the Black Flags joined the Vietnamese irregular forces, stemming French encroachment beyond the Red River Delta. The rise and fall of the Black Flag Army In 1857, Liu Yongfu, a Hakka s ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
