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Fox River (Fish River Tributary)
Fox River (''Ninaġvik'' in Inupiaq) is a waterway on the Seward Peninsula in the U.S. state of Alaska. It is from Solomon. The Fox flows eastward for before reaching the Fish River from the west. Geography It heads about north of Topkok Head, and after flowing northeastward to the Niukluk lowland, turns southeastward and skirts the edge of the highland to its junction with Fish River. In the lower of its course, it has a very sinuous channel filled with sand and gravel bars, making the water shallow and navigation for small boats difficult. Above this portion, the valley narrows down and the river channel has nearly a straight course. The gradient of the valley from the head of the river to the mouth is very slight. Where the stream is confined by valley walls, its fall does not exceed to the mile, and below, where it crosses the lowland, the grade is probably less than to the mile. The valley of Fox River is broad, with the bed trenched from below the valley floor, leav ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Waterway
A waterway is any navigable body of water. Broad distinctions are useful to avoid ambiguity, and disambiguation will be of varying importance depending on the nuance of the equivalent word in other languages. A first distinction is necessary between maritime shipping routes and waterways used by inland water craft. Maritime shipping routes cross oceans and seas, and some lakes, where navigability is assumed, and no engineering is required, except to provide the draft for deep-sea shipping to approach seaports (channels), or to provide a short cut across an isthmus; this is the function of ship canals. Dredged channels in the sea are not usually described as waterways. There is an exception to this initial distinction, essentially for legal purposes, see under international waters. Where seaports are located inland, they are approached through a waterway that could be termed "inland" but in practice is generally referred to as a "maritime waterway" (examples Seine Maritime, Loir ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Seward Peninsula
The Seward Peninsula is a large peninsula on the western coast of the U.S. state of Alaska whose westernmost point is Cape Prince of Wales. The peninsula projects about into the Bering Sea between Norton Sound, the Bering Strait, the Chukchi Sea, and Kotzebue Sound, just below the Arctic Circle. The entire peninsula is about long and wide. Like Seward, Alaska, it was named after William H. Seward, the United States Secretary of State who fought for the U.S. purchase of Alaska. The Seward Peninsula is a remnant of the Bering land bridge, a roughly thousand mile wide swath of land connecting Siberia with mainland Alaska during the Pleistocene Ice Age. This land bridge aided in the migration of humans, as well as plant and animal species, from Asia to North America. Excavations at sites such as the Trail Creek Caves and Cape Espenberg in the Bering Land Bridge National Preserve as well as Cape Denbigh to the south have provided insight into the timeline of prehistorical migrat ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Alaska
Alaska ( ; russian: Аляска, Alyaska; ale, Alax̂sxax̂; ; ems, Alas'kaaq; Yup'ik: ''Alaskaq''; tli, Anáaski) is a state located in the Western United States on the northwest extremity of North America. A semi-exclave of the U.S., it borders the Canadian province of British Columbia and the Yukon territory to the east; it also shares a maritime border with the Russian Federation's Chukotka Autonomous Okrug to the west, just across the Bering Strait. To the north are the Chukchi and Beaufort Seas of the Arctic Ocean, while the Pacific Ocean lies to the south and southwest. Alaska is by far the largest U.S. state by area, comprising more total area than the next three largest states (Texas, California, and Montana) combined. It represents the seventh-largest subnational division in the world. It is the third-least populous and the most sparsely populated state, but by far the continent's most populous territory located mostly north of the 60th parallel, with ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Solomon, Alaska
Solomon ( Inupiaq: ''Aaŋuutaq'') is an unincorporated community in the Nome Census Area of the Unorganized Borough of Alaska. As of the 2010 census, the population was zero (uninhabited), down from four in 2000. The Solomon State Field Airport is located near Solomon. The elevation is . The nearest town is Nome, Alaska. History Solomon was originally settled by the Fish River tribe. It became a mining camp and then a town in the early 1900s. The first post office was established in 1900 under the direction of Postmaster Otto Weihe, an 1899 graduate of the California College of Pharmacy. In 1913, a violent storm destroyed the railroad, along with the rest of the town. The surviving residents were forced to relocate to the recently abandoned Dickson. In 1918, the worldwide influenza epidemic struck Solomon. Demographics Solomon first appeared on the 1940 U.S. Census as an unincorporated village. It returned again in 1950, but would not appear afterwards until 1980, when i ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Fish River (Alaska)
The Fish River (''Iġalugvik'' in Inupiaq) is a waterway in the U.S. state of Alaska. The river rises in the Bendeleben Mountains and flows south to Golovnin Lagoon, before emptying into Golovnin Bay, Norton Sound, and the Bering Sea. The basin formed by the Fish River is known for its placer gold deposits, and in particular, the Niukluk River and its tributaries; production from this tributary valley is reported to be more than from any other place in the region. A galena mine existed from the sea, worked on occasion by a San Francisco corporation with a few hundred tons of ore taken to the city for smelting and refining for silver. Walter Curran Mendenhall found obscure fossils on Fish River at White Mountain. Etymology Its Inuit name was reported in 1838 as ''Ikalikhvik'' meaning "fish (or fish place)" by Aleksandr Filippovich Kashevarov. Various spellings were reported by Western Union Telegraph Expedition in 1865–67. Dall appears to be the first to have applied the ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Niukluk River
Niukluk River is a waterway in the U.S. state of Alaska. It rises in the Bendeleben Mountains and, after flowing across a broad valley lowland for about , enters a narrower valley, in which it flows for about . Below the mouth of Melsing Creek, the valley broadens out and merges with that of Fish River, to which the Niukluk is tributary. It receives many tributaries, of which the Koksuktapaga, joining it from the south, is the largest. In Niukluk River itself, gold was found at its head, though most abundant below the mouth of American Creek. Just below the mouth of Ophir Creek, a little gold has been rocked out on the bars. The broad gravel flood plain in this part of the basin is said to be auriferous. Below the mouth of Ophir Creek the river has cut a small rock canyon below an old valley floor, leaving broad benches on either side. These benches are sheeted over by a few feet of gravel. See also *List of rivers of Alaska This is a List of rivers in Alaska, which are at least ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Council, Alaska
Council ( Inupiaq: ''Kaułiq'' or ''Akauchak'') is an abandoned townsite in the Nome Census Area in the U.S. state of Alaska. It has a population of zero as of the 2000 and 2010 U.S. Censuses. Geography Council is located at about , about 57 miles east by northeast of Nome. It is located on the banks of the Niukluk River on the central Seward Peninsula The Seward Peninsula is a large peninsula on the western coast of the U.S. state of Alaska whose westernmost point is Cape Prince of Wales. The peninsula projects about into the Bering Sea between Norton Sound, the Bering Strait, the Chukchi S .... History Council was built in 1897 and 1898 when gold was discovered near the Ophir Creek. Council may have had as many as 15,000 inhabitants during those years. The residents left to work larger discoveries of gold near Nome around 1900. Council has about 25 old buildings and much old mining equipment, including a dredge, laying about. During the summer, Council is used as a f ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Labradorite
Labradorite (( Ca, Na)( Al, Si)4 O8) is a calcium-enriched feldspar mineral first identified in Labrador, Canada, which can display an iridescent effect ( schiller). Labradorite is an intermediate to calcic member of the plagioclase series. It has an anorthite percentage (%An) of between 50 and 70. The specific gravity ranges from 2.68 to 2.72. The streak is white, like most silicates. The refractive index ranges from 1.559 to 1.573 and twinning is common. As with all plagioclase members, the crystal system is triclinic, and three directions of cleavage are present, two of which are nearly at right angles and are more obvious, being of good to perfect quality (while the third direction is poor). It occurs as clear, white to gray, blocky to lath shaped grains in common mafic igneous rocks such as basalt and gabbro, as well as in anorthosites. Occurrence The geological type area for labradorite is Paul's Island near the town of Nain in Labrador, Canada. It has also been r ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Phenocryst
300px, feldspathic phenocrysts. This granite, from the Switzerland">Swiss side of the Mont Blanc massif, has large white plagioclase phenocrysts, triclinic minerals that give trapezoid shapes when cut through). 1 euro coins, 1 euro coin (diameter 2.3 cm) for scale. A phenocryst is an early forming, relatively large and usually conspicuous crystal distinctly larger than the grains of the rock groundmass of an igneous rock. Such rocks that have a distinct difference in the size of the crystals are called porphyries, and the adjective porphyritic is used to describe them. Phenocrysts often have euhedral forms, either due to early growth within a magma, or by post-emplacement recrystallization. Normally the term ''phenocryst'' is not used unless the crystals are directly observable, which is sometimes stated as greater than .5 millimeter in diameter. Phenocrysts below this level, but still larger than the groundmass crystals, are termed ''microphenocrysts''. Very large phenocrysts a ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Augite
Augite is a common rock-forming pyroxene mineral with formula . The crystals are monoclinic and prismatic. Augite has two prominent cleavages, meeting at angles near 90 degrees. Characteristics Augite is a solid solution in the pyroxene group. Diopside and hedenbergite are important endmembers in augite, but augite can also contain significant aluminium, titanium, and sodium and other elements. The calcium content of augite is limited by a miscibility gap between it and pigeonite and orthopyroxene: when occurring with either of these other pyroxenes, the calcium content of augite is a function of temperature and pressure, but mostly of temperature, and so can be useful in reconstructing temperature histories of rocks. With declining temperature, augite may exsolve lamellae of pigeonite and/or orthopyroxene. There is also a miscibility gap between augite and omphacite, but this gap occurs at higher temperatures. There are no industrial or economic uses for this mineral. Locatio ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Biotite
Biotite is a common group of phyllosilicate minerals within the mica group, with the approximate chemical formula . It is primarily a solid-solution series between the iron-endmember annite, and the magnesium-endmember phlogopite; more aluminous end-members include siderophyllite and eastonite. Biotite was regarded as a mineral ''species'' by the International Mineralogical Association until 1998, when its status was changed to a mineral ''group''. The term ''biotite'' is still used to describe unanalysed dark micas in the field. Biotite was named by J.F.L. Hausmann in 1847 in honor of the French physicist Jean-Baptiste Biot, who performed early research into the many optical properties of mica. Members of the biotite group are sheet silicates. Iron, magnesium, aluminium, silicon, oxygen, and hydrogen form sheets that are weakly bound together by potassium ions. The term "iron mica" is sometimes used for iron-rich biotite, but the term also refers to a flaky micaceous form ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Solomon River (Alaska)
Solomon River is a waterway in the U.S. state of Alaska, near Nome. Geography It heads close to the Casadepaga River Casadepaga River (also Koshotok and Koksuktapaga) ( Inupiaq: ''Qaqsruqtaq'') is a waterway in the U.S. state of Alaska, near Nome. It is the largest southern branch of the Niukluk River. It has a length of about and a general northeasterly cours ..., from which it is separated by a low divide, and, flowing southward for , empties into Port Safety Lagoon about east of Nome. The placer mines of the region are accessible from the settlements of Solomon and Dickson, at the mouth of the river. Dickson is the terminus of the Council City and Solomon River Railroad. Solomon River discharges into the inlet of Port Safety Lagoon. For above its mouth, Solomon River flows across the coastal plain in a broad trench. Its gradient here probably does not exceed to the mile. Above the coastal plain, the river occupies a comparatively broad valley and the gradient increase ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
