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Fossil Cave
Fossil Cave (5L81), formerly known as The Green Waterhole, is a cave in the Limestone Coast region of south-eastern South Australia. It is located in the gazetted locality of Tantanoola about north-west of the city of Mount Gambier, only a few metres from the Princes Highway (Route B1) between Mount Gambier and Millicent. It is popular with cave divers and is notable for being both a unique paleontological site and the "type locality" for very rare crustaceans (syncarids - Koonunga sp.) which to date have been found only in caves and Blue Lake in the Mount Gambier region. Description and naming The cave is formed in 30-million-year-old Oligocene coralline limestone. The cave is a karst sinkhole and is largely filled with water. The surface depression is about long and wide. Beneath the surface it extends to a maximum length of and a width of . The name of the cave was changed on 23 April 1989 by the Government of South Australia from ''The Green Waterhole'' to ''Fos ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Princes Highway
Princes Highway is a major road in Australia, extending from Sydney via Melbourne to Adelaide through the states of New South Wales, Victoria (Australia), Victoria and South Australia. It has a length of (along Highway 1) or via the former alignments of the highway, although these routes are slower and connections to the bypassed sections of the original route are poor in many cases. The highway follows the coastline for most of its length, and thus takes quite an indirect and lengthy route. For example, it is from Sydney to Melbourne on Highway 1 (Australia), Highway 1 as opposed to on the more direct Hume Highway (National Highway (Australia), National Highway 31), and from Melbourne to Adelaide compared to on the Western Highway, Victoria, Western and Dukes Highways (National Highway (Australia), National Highway 8). Because of the rural nature and lower traffic volumes over much of its length, Princes Highway is a more scenic and leisurely route than the main highwa ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
The South Australian Government Gazette
''The South Australian Government Gazette'' is the government gazette of the South Australian Government. The ''South Australian Gazette'' was first printed on 20 June 1839, after the South Australian Government The Government of South Australia, also referred to as the South Australian Government, SA Government or more formally, His Majesty’s Government, is the Australian state democratic administrative authority of South Australia. It is modelled o ... chose to have its own publication rather than using the local newspaper, '' South Australian Gazette and Colonial Register'', because the publishers were perceived as politically biased. The purpose was to publish government orders and acts with authority of the colonial secretary. Its name was later changed to ''South Australian Government Gazette'' from 12 November 1840. References External links *PDF images of the gazette from 1839 to 1999 - *PDF images and .DOC formats from 1999 till present - {{Adelaide newspap ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Procoptodon Maddocki
''Procoptodon'' is an extinct genus of giant short-faced (sthenurine) kangaroos that lived in Australia during the Pleistocene Epoch. ''P. goliah'', the largest known kangaroo species that ever existed, stood at about . They weighed about . Other members of the genus were smaller, however; ''Procoptodon gilli'' was the smallest of all of the sthenurine kangaroos, standing approximately tall. The genus is derived from ''Simosthenurus'', making the latter genus paraphyletic. Description ''Procoptodon'' physiology was likely similar to that of the contemporary kangaroos; however, ''Procoptodon goliah'' was characterised by its large size. These sthenurines, or short-faced kangaroos, included species that were more than three times the size of the largest kangaroos living today. The largest, ''P. goliah'', was tall and weighed up to . These animals lived alongside modern species of kangaroos, but specialised on a diet of leaves from trees and shrubs. ''Procoptodon were'' large an ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Procoptodon Gilli
''Procoptodon'' is an extinct genus of giant short-faced (sthenurine) kangaroos that lived in Australia during the Pleistocene Epoch. ''P. goliah'', the largest known kangaroo species that ever existed, stood at about . They weighed about . Other members of the genus were smaller, however; ''Procoptodon gilli'' was the smallest of all of the sthenurine kangaroos, standing approximately tall. The genus is derived from '' Simosthenurus'', making the latter genus paraphyletic. Description ''Procoptodon'' physiology was likely similar to that of the contemporary kangaroos; however, ''Procoptodon goliah'' was characterised by its large size. These sthenurines, or short-faced kangaroos, included species that were more than three times the size of the largest kangaroos living today. The largest, ''P. goliah'', was tall and weighed up to . These animals lived alongside modern species of kangaroos, but specialised on a diet of leaves from trees and shrubs. ''Procoptodon were'' large a ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Sthenurinae
Sthenurinae (from ''Sthenurus'', Greek for 'strong-tailed') is a subfamily within the marsupial family Macropodidae, known as 'short faced kangaroos'. No members of this subfamily are extant today, with all becoming extinct by the late Pleistocene. ''Procoptodon goliah'', the largest macropodid known to have existed, was a sthenurine kangaroo, but sthenurines occurred in a range of sizes, with '' Procoptodon gilli'' being the smallest at the size of a small wallaby. The short, robust skull of sthenurines is considered to be indicative that they were browsers that fed on leaves. Some species may have been able to reach above their heads and grasp branches with their semiopposable paws to assist in procuring leaves from trees. A single hoofed digit is present on the feet of sthenurines. Taxonomy The subfamilial arrangement Sthenurinae was circumscribed by Ludwig Glauert in 1926. Locomotion Unlike modern macropodids, which hop (either bipedally or quadrupedally), sthenurines seem t ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Protemnodon Anak
''Protemnodon'' is an extinct genus of megafaunal macropodids that existed in Australia, Tasmania, and New Guinea in the Pliocene and Pleistocene. It is also called the giant kangaroo. Taxonomy Recent analysis of mtDNA extracted from fossils indicates that ''Protemnodon'' was closely related to ''Macropus''. The species formerly known as ''Protemnodon bandharr'' and ''Protemnodon buloloensis'' have been moved to a new genus, ''Silvaroo,'' while the New Guinean species ''P. nombe'' has been moved to the new genus '' Nombe.'' Description Based on fossil A fossil (from Classical Latin , ) is any preserved remains, impression, or trace of any once-living thing from a past geological age. Examples include bones, shells, exoskeletons, stone imprints of animals or microbes, objects preserved ... evidence, ''Protemnodon'' is thought to have been physically similar to wallabies, but generally larger and more robust. ''Protemnodon nombe'' was the smallest in the genus, weig ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Macropus Titan
''Macropus titan'' is an extinct species of kangaroo (a marsupial) that lived during the Pleistocene The Pleistocene ( , often referred to as the ''Ice age'') is the geological Epoch (geology), epoch that lasted from about 2,580,000 to 11,700 years ago, spanning the Earth's most recent period of repeated glaciations. Before a change was fina .... The species was most similar to the extant kangaroo species ''Macropus giganteus'', the eastern grey kangaroo. Some doubt exists as to whether ''Macropus titan'' constitutes a separate species to the eastern grey kangaroo, as the two are extremely similar, ''M. titan'' differing consistently only in its greater size. References External linksMikko's Phylogeny archive Prehistoric macropods Pleistocene mammals of Australia Pleistocene marsupials Mammals described in 1838 {{paleo-marsupial-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Propleopus Oscillans
''Propleopus'' is an extinct genus of marsupials. Three species are known: ''P. chillagoensis'' from the Plio-Pleistocene, and ''P. oscillans'' and ''P. wellingtonensis'' from the Pleistocene. In contrast to most other kangaroos, and similar to their small extant relative, the musky rat-kangaroo, they were probably omnivorous. The species assigned to this genus are: *''Propleopus chillagoensis'' Archer ''et al.'', 1978 *''Propleopus oscillans'' (De Vis, 1888) (type species In zoological nomenclature, a type species (''species typica'') is the species name with which the name of a genus or subgenus is considered to be permanently taxonomically associated, i.e., the species that contains the biological type specimen ...) *''Propleopus wellingtonensis'' (Archer & Flannery, 1985) References *John A. Long et al.: ''Prehistoric Mammals of Australia and New Guinea''. Johns Hopkins University Press, Baltimore 2003, . * THE GIANT RAT-KANGAROO PROPLEOPUS OSCILLANS (DE VIS) Preh ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Thylacoleo Carnifex
''Thylacoleo'' ("pouch lion") is an extinct genus of carnivorous marsupials that lived in Australia from the late Pliocene to the late Pleistocene (2 million to 46 thousand years ago). Some of these marsupial lions were the largest mammalian predators in Australia of their time, with ''Thylacoleo carnifex'' approaching the weight of a lioness. The estimated average weight for the species ranges from . Taxonomy The genus was first published in 1859, erected to describe the type species ''Thylacoleo carnifex''. The new taxon was established in examination of fossil specimens provided to Richard Owen. The familial alliance takes its name from this description, the so-called marsupial lions of Thylacoleonidae. The colloquial name "marsupial lion" alludes to the superficial resemblance to the placental lion and its ecological niche as a large predator. ''Thylacoleo'' is not closely related to the modern lion (''Panthera leo''). Genus: ''Thylacoleo'' (''Thylacopardus'') – Australia' ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Thylacinus Cynocephalus
The thylacine ( , or , also ) (''Thylacinus cynocephalus'') is an extinct carnivorous marsupial that was native to the Mainland Australia, Australian mainland and the islands of Tasmania and New Guinea. The last known live animal was captured in 1930 in Tasmania. It is commonly known as the Tasmanian tiger (because of its striped lower back) or the Tasmanian wolf (because of its canid-like characteristics). Various Aboriginal Tasmanians, Aboriginal Tasmanian names have been recorded, such as ''coorinna'', ''kanunnah'', ''cab-berr-one-nen-er'', ''loarinna'', ''laoonana'', ''can-nen-ner'' and ''lagunta'', while ''kaparunina'' is used in Palawa kani. The thylacine was relatively shy and nocturnal, with the general appearance of a medium-to-large-size canid, except for its stiff tail and Pouch (marsupial), abdominal pouch similar to that of a kangaroo. Because of convergent evolution, it displayed an anatomy and adaptations similar to the tiger (''Panthera tigris'') and wolf ('' ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Orthonyx Hypsilophus
'' Orthonyx hypsilophus '' is an extinct species of logrunner from the Late Pleistocene of Australia. It was described from submerged subfossil material (an incomplete pelvis) collected in 1979 from the Fossil Cave in the south-east of South Australia. The bird was larger than any of its living congeners. The specific epithet ''hypsilophus'' derives from the Greek Greek may refer to: Greece Anything of, from, or related to Greece, a country in Southern Europe: *Greeks, an ethnic group. *Greek language, a branch of the Indo-European language family. **Proto-Greek language, the assumed last common ancestor ... ''νψι'' (“high”), and λοθοϛ (“crest” or “ridge”) with reference to the comparatively high median dorsal ridge of the pelvis. References hypsilophus Pleistocene birds Quaternary birds of Australia Birds described in 1985 Fossil taxa described in 1985 {{Paleo-bird-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Centropus Colossus
'' Centropus colossus '' is an extinct species of coucal from the Late Pleistocene of Australia. It was described from submerged subfossil material (a slightly damaged left humerus) collected in 1979 from the Fossil Cave in the south-east of South Australia. Characteristics of the holotype specimen indicate that the bird was either flightless or, at least, had reduced flight capability. It was larger than any of its living congeners and was one of the largest cuckoos in the world. The specific epithet, the Latin Latin (, or , ) is a classical language belonging to the Italic branch of the Indo-European languages. Latin was originally a dialect spoken in the lower Tiber area (then known as Latium) around present-day Rome, but through the power of the ... ''colossus'', refers to its great size. References Fossil taxa described in 1985 Birds described in 1985 Centropus Pleistocene birds Quaternary birds of Australia {{Paleo-bird-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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