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Fort McLoughlin
Fort McLoughlin was a fur trading post established in 1833 by the Hudson's Bay Company (HBC) on Campbell Island in present-day British Columbia, Canada. At the time the Hudson's Bay Company performed quasi-governmental duties on behalf of the British Empire as well as undertaking trade for profit. The site is believed to have been at McLoughlin Bay on the northeast side of Campbell Island and is associated with the relocation of the Heiltsuk community of Bella Bella from its former location on islets near Denny Island. The McLoughlin name, which is that of John McLoughlin, regional head of company operations at that time, is also found in a lake and a creek entering that bay, and was conferred on these locations after the fort had closed. Background One of the primary reasons for the establishment of Fort McLoughlin, as well as Fort Simpson to the north, was to undermine the American dominance of the Maritime Fur Trade. By 1830 the higher prices paid for furs by American coas ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Campbell Island (British Columbia)
Campbell Island is an island in the Canadian province of British Columbia, located west of Denny Island and north of Hunter Island, near Milbanke Sound. The Inside Passage waterways of Lama Passage and Seaforth Channel meet at the northern end of Campbell Island. The communities of Bella Bella and Campbell Island, just north of Bella Bella, are located on Campbell Island. The same location is believed to have been that of Fort McLoughlin, an early Hudson's Bay Company post in the days of the Maritime Fur Trade, with the name McLoughlin Bay since conferred on the bay and a lake and a creek just south of where the settlement of Bella Bella is today ( Old Bella Bella was on nearby Denny Island). Campbell Island was probably named by Captain Pender during his 1866–69 surveys of the area, likely for a Dr. Campbell for whom also Campbell Point, on Loughborough Inlet Loughborough Inlet is one of the lesser principal inlets of the British Columbia Coast. It penetrates the Coast ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Fitz Hugh Sound
Fitz Hugh Sound, sometimes spelled Fitzhugh Sound, is a sound on the British Columbia Coast of Canada, located between Calvert Island and the mainland. Etymology Fitz Hugh Sound was given its name in 1785 by James Hanna, the first non-indigenous person to find and map it. Hanna was the first British maritime fur trader to visit the Northwest Coast. It was probably named for William Fitzhugh who was a partner in the explorations of John Meares. Geography Fitz Hugh Sound is part of a group of named bodies of water around the opening of Dean Channel, one of the coast's main fjords, where it intersects the infra-insular waterway known as the Inside Passage. Adjacent water bodies include Fisher Channel to the north, Burke Channel to the northwest, Fish Egg Inlet to its east, Rivers Inlet to its southeast, and Queen Charlotte Sound to its south and west. Beyond Queen Charlotte Sound lies Queen Charlotte Strait (to the southeast) and the open ocean (to the west). Fitz Hugh Sound is th ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Klemtu
Klemtu is an unincorporated community on Swindle Island in the coastal fjords of British Columbia, Canada. It is located on Kitasoo Indian Reserve No. 1. Klemtu is the home of the Kitasoo tribe of Tsimshians, originally from Kitasu Bay, and the Xai'xais of Kynoch Inlet, extends eastward from Queen Charlotte Sound, approximately at . It is adjacent to the Fiordland Conservancy. These two tribes live together as, and are jointly governed by, the Kitasoo/Xai'xais Nation. Traditional languages spoken at Klemtu are the southern dialect of the Tsimshian language, called Southern Tsimshian, and Xaixais, a dialect of the Heiltsuk language. In religious affiliation, the community is dominated by the United Church of Canada. The government of the Kitasoo/Xai'xais Nation is a member government of the Oweekeno-Kitasoo-Nuxalk Tribal Council. The population of Klemtu in 1983 was 269. the population of Klemtu was 505. Name origin An alternate older name for Klemtu is Kitasoo. it w ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Xaixais
The Kitasoo are one of the 14 tribes of the Tsimshian people in Canada, who inhabit, along with Xai'xais people of Heiltsuk ethnic affiliation, the village of Klemtu, British Columbia. The name ''Kitasoo'' derives from the Tsimshian name ''Gidestsu'', from ''git-'' (people of) and ''disdzuu,'' which refers to a large, tiered house-depression. The Kitasoo, along with the Gitga'ata Tsimshians at Hartley Bay, B.C., are often classed as "Southern Tsimshian," their traditional language being the southern dialect of the Tsimshian language. Their band government is the Kitasoo/Xaixais First Nation, a member government of the Wuikinuxv-Kitasoo-Nuxalk Tribal Council. The anthropologist Marius Barbeau recorded in 1947 that John Starr was of the "Klemtu" tribe and held the hereditary name Lagax'niitsk. Prehistoric culture Some information is known about the lifestyle and diet of the prehistoric Kitasoo based upon archaeological recovery. For example the Kitasoo exploited numerous flora ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Tsimshian
The Tsimshian (; tsi, Ts’msyan or Tsm'syen) are an Indigenous people of the Pacific Northwest Coast. Their communities are mostly in coastal British Columbia in Terrace and Prince Rupert, and Metlakatla, Alaska on Annette Island, the only reservation in Alaska. The Tsimshian estimate there are 45,000 Tsimshian people and approximately 10,000 members are federally registered in eight First Nations communities (including the ''Kitselas,'' ''Kitsumkalum,'' ''Gitxaala,'' ''Gitga'at'' at Hartley Bay, and ''Kitasoo'' at Klemtu) ''Lax Kw'Alaams,'' and ''Metlakatla, BC''. The latter two communities resulted in the colonial intersections of early settlers and consist of Tsimshian people belonging to the 'nine tribes.' The Tsimshian are one of the largest First Nations peoples in northwest British Columbia. Some Tsimshian migrated to the Annette Islands in Alaska, and today approximately 1,450 Alaska Tsimshian people are enrolled in the federally recognized Metlakatla Indian Com ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Haisla People
The Haisla (also known as Xa’islak’ala, X̄a’islakʼala, X̌àʼislakʼala, X̣aʼislak’ala, Xai:sla) are an amalgamation of two bands, the Kitamaat people of upper Douglas Channel and Devastation Channel and the Kitlope People of upper Princess Royal Channel and Gardner Canal in British Columbia, Canada. The Kitamaat call themselves Haisla ("dwellers downriver"); and the Kitlope Henaaksiala ("dying off slowly"), a reference to their traditional longevity. The word ''Kitamaat'' comes from the Tsimshian people, who originate from the Prince Rupert and Metlakatla areas. While ''Kitamaat'' means ''people of the snow'' in Tsimshian, ''kit'' means ''people'' and ''amaat'' refers to ''territory'' or ''place''. The Haisla are a group indigenous people that have lived at Kitamaat Village as their natural area of residence in the North Coast region of British Columbia, and have occupied these lands, for at least 9,000 years. Today, the they are located in Kitamaat Village, o ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Kitimaat
Kitimat is a district municipality in the North Coast region of British Columbia, Canada. It is a member municipality of the Regional District of Kitimat–Stikine regional government. The Kitimat Valley is part of the most populous urban district in northwest British Columbia, which includes Terrace to the north along the Skeena River Valley. The city was planned and built by the Aluminum Company of Canada (Alcan) during the 1950s. Its post office was approved on June 6, 1952. Kitimat's municipal area is . It is located on tidewater in one of the few wide, flat valleys on the coast of British Columbia. The 2016 census recorded 8,131 citizens. The District of Kitimat Development Services situates the port of Kitimat as an integral part of the Northwest Corridor connecting North America to the Pacific Ocean and the Pacific Rim. History "Kitimat" in the Tsimshian language refers to the Haisla First Nation as the "People of the Snow". Before 1950 the Kitimat township was a sma ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Fort Rupert
Fort Rupert is the site of a former Hudson's Bay Company (HBC) fort on the east coast near the northern tip of Vancouver Island, British Columbia. The unincorporated community on Beaver Harbour is about by road southeast of Port Hardy. Coal & fortifications In 1835, the HBC became aware of coal deposits in the area, but no market existed until a steamboat presence emerged a decade later. Realizing the closing of Fort McLoughlin in the early 1840s had been a mistake, the HBC sought a new location partly motivated by Admiralty interest in coal. In 1849, men under the charge of Captain William Henry McNeill, assisted by John Work, erected Fort Rupert. Named after Prince Rupert of the Rhine, the first HBC governor, the strong fortifications were to provide protection from the fierce Nahwitti warriors in the vicinity. The high stockade held a cannon in the two bastions. The dimensions were on the northwest side, on the northeast side, on the southeast side, and on the southwest ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
George Simpson (administrator)
Sir George Simpson ( – 7 September 1860) was a Scottish explorer and colonial governor of the Hudson's Bay Company during the period of its greatest power. From 1820 to 1860, he was in practice, if not in law, the British viceroy for the whole of Rupert's Land, an enormous territory of 3.9 millions square kilometers in northern North America. His efficient administration of the west was a precondition for the confederation of western and eastern Canada. He was noted for his grasp of administrative detail and his physical stamina in traveling through the wilderness. Excepting voyageurs and their Siberian equivalents, few men have spent as much time traveling in the wilderness. Simpson was the first person known to have circumnavigated the world by land. Early life Born at Dingwall, Ross-Shire, Scotland, as the illegitimate son of George Simpson, Writer to the Signet, he was raised by two aunts and his paternal grandmother, Isobel Simpson (1731–1821), daughter of Geo ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Kanaka (Pacific Island Worker)
Kanakas were workers (a mix of voluntary and involuntary) from various Pacific Islands employed in British colonies, such as British Columbia (Canada), Fiji, Solomon Islands, Vanuatu, Papua New Guinea and Queensland (Australia) in the 19th and early 20th centuries. They also worked in California (USA) and Chile (see Easter Island and Rapanui people as related subjects). "Kanaka" originally referred only to native Hawaiians, from their own name for themselves, ''kānaka ʻōiwi'' or ''kānaka maoli'', in the Hawaiian language. In the Americas in particular, native Hawaiians were the majority; but Kanakas in Australia were almost entirely Melanesian. In Australian English "kanaka" is now avoided outside of its historical context, as it has been used as an offensive term. Australia According to the ''Macquarie Dictionary'', the word "kanaka", which was once widely used in Australia, is now regarded in Australian English as an offensive term for a Pacific Islander.''Macqu ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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