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Funya No Kiyomi
Funya no Kiyomi (文室 浄三, 693 - October 9, 770), born Prince Chinu (智努王), was a former member of the Imperial Family, nobleman and politician in Japan during Asuka and Nara periods. He served as Major Counselor ('' Gyoshitaifu'') in the Imperial Court and held the court rank of Junior Second Rank. He was the son of Prince Naga and the grandson of Emperor Tenmu. Life Prince Chinu was born in 693 as the son of Prince Naga, the son of Emperor Tenmu, during the reign of Empress Jitō. In 717, Prince Chinu received the court rank of Junior Fourth Rank, and in 740, he advanced to Senior Fourth Rank. After serving as Head of Bureau of Carpentry (''Moku no Kami''), Minister of Imperial Palace Construction (''Zōgūkyō''), and Head of Bureau of Imperial Villa Construction (''Zōrikyūshi''), he was given Junior Third Rank in 747. In 752, he received the surname Funya and the ''kabane'' '' Mahito''. In 757, he became ''Sangi'' and advanced to the court rank of Junior ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Kikuchi Yōsai
, also known as Kikuchi Takeyasu and Kawahara Ryōhei, was a Japanese painter most famous for his monochrome portraits of historical figures. Biography The son of a samurai named Kawahara of Edo, he was adopted by a family named Kikuchi. When eighteen, he became a pupil of Takata Enjō; but, after studying the principles of the Kanō, Shijō, and Maruyama schools, perhaps, under Ozui, a son of Ōkyo, he developed an independent style, having some affinities with that of Tani Bunchō. His illustrated history of Japanese heroes, the '' Zenken Kojitsu'', is a remarkable specimen of his skill as a draughtsman in monochrome ink. In order to produce this work, and his many other portraits of historical figures, he performed extensive historical, and even archaeological, research. ''Zenken Kojitsu'' features over 500 major figures in Japanese history, and was originally printed as a series of ten woodblock printed books, in 1878. Style Nakane Kōtei (中根 香亭) point ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Empress Jitō
was the 41st monarch of Japan, Imperial Household Agency (''Kunaichō'') 持統天皇 (41)/ref> according to the traditional order of succession. Jitō's reign spanned the years from 686 through 697.Titsingh, Isaac. (1834). In the history of Japan, Jitō was the third of eight women to take on the role of empress regnant. The two female monarchs before Jitō were Suiko and Kōgyoku/ Saimei. The five women sovereigns reigning after Jitō were Genmei, Genshō, Kōken/ Shōtoku, Meishō, and Go-Sakuramachi. Traditional narrative Empress Jitō was the daughter of Emperor Tenji. Her mother was Ochi-no-Iratsume, the daughter of Minister Ō-omi Soga no Yamada-no Ishikawa Maro. She was the wife of Tenji's full brother Emperor Tenmu, whom she succeeded on the throne.Varley, H. Paul. ''Jinnō Shōtōki,'' p. 137. Empress Jitō's given name was , or alternately Uno.Brown, D. (1979). ''Gukanshō'', p. 270. Events of Jitō's reign Jitō took responsibility for court administ ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Japanese Nobility
The was the hereditary peerage of the Empire of Japan, which existed between 1869 and 1947. They succeeded the feudal lords () and court nobles (), but were abolished with the 1947 constitution. Kazoku ( 華族) should not be confused with ''"kazoku ( 家族)"'', which is pronounced the same in Japanese, but with a different character reading that means "immediate family" (as in the film ''Kazoku'' above). Origins Following the Meiji Restoration of 1868, the ancient court nobility of Kyoto, the , regained some of its lost status. Several members of the , such as Iwakura Tomomi and Nakayama Tadayasu, played a crucial role in the overthrow of the Tokugawa shogunate, and the early Meiji government nominated to head all seven of the newly established administrative departments. The Meiji oligarchs, as part of their Westernizing reforms, merged the with the former into an expanded aristocratic class on 25 July 1869, to recognize that the and former were a social class d ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Empress Kōken
, also known as , was the 46th (with the name Empress Kōken) and the 48th monarch of Japan (with the name Empress Shōtoku), Emperor Kōnin, Takano Imperial Mausoleum, Imperial Household Agency according to the traditional order of succession. The daughter of Emperor Shōmu, Empress Kōken succeeded to the throne at the age of 31, following her father's renunciation. She first reigned from 749 to 758. During this period, the government was heavily influenced by her mother, the former empress consort Kōmyō, and the latter's nephew, Fujiwara no Nakamaro. She was eventually replaced on the throne by her relative, Emperor Junnin, whose rule was a continuation of Nakamaro's regime. During the intermediate period of her reigns, the retired empress Kōken is said to have become close to a monk without a noble background, named Dōkyō, by 762. Their precise relationship remains a mystery, although there is a common version that it was romantic. The retired empress had taken Buddhist ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Sangi (Japan)
was an associate counselor in the Imperial court of Japan from the 8th century until the Meiji period in the 19th century.Nussbaum, Louis-Frédéric. (2005). "Sangi" in . This was a position in the ''daijō-kan'', or early feudal Japanese government. It was established in 702 by the Code of Taihō. In the ranks of the Imperial bureaucracy, the ''Sangi'' came between the ''Shōnagon'' (minor councillors) and those with more narrowly defined roles, such as the ''Sadaiben'' and ''Udaiben'' who were the administrators charged with oversight of the eight ministries of the government.Titsingh, Isaac. (1834). In an early review of the Imperial hierarchy, Julius Klaproth's 1834 supplement to ''Nihon Odai Ichiran'' conflated the hierarchical position with a functional role as the director of palace affairs. Prominent among those holding this office were three brothers: * Fujiwara no Fusasaki held the office of ''Sangi'' until he died in 737 ''(Tenpyō 9, 4th month'')Titsingh, * Fuji ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Mahito (title)
''Mahito'' (真人) was one of the hereditary noble titles of ancient Japan. It was the highest in the ''Yakusa no kabane'' system of eight ''kabane'' titles. History Mahito was the highest in the ''Yakusa'' ''no kabane'' system of eight ''kabane'' titles (the second being ''Ason'' and the third being ''Sukune''), which was established in October 684, during the reign of Emperor Tenmu. ''Mahito'' was originally a Chinese Taoist term for hermit, ''shinjin'', but it was read as "mahito" in the ''Yakusa no kabane'' system, and was given the descendants of the Imperial Family after Emperor Ōjin. At the beginning of the enactment, the title was given to 13 clans, after which the number was increased to 60 clans. Later, it was given to members of the Imperial Family who were demoted to nobility. However, during the Nara period, the ''kabane'' system was abolished, and the number of clans taking the title gradually decreased. See also * ''Ason'' * ''Sukune'' * ''Muraji (from O ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Kabane
were Japanese hereditary noble titles. Their use traces back to ancient times when they began to be used as titles signifying a family's political and social status. History As the national unification by the Yamato imperial court progressed, a ''kabane'' was given to the most powerful families by the imperial court, which gradually became a hereditary noble title. During the ancient times, new ''kabane'' were made and there were almost thirty of them. Some of the more common ''kabane'' were , , ''Sukune'' (宿禰), , , , , , and . The descendants of the Imperial family were given '' Omi'' and the descendants of gods were given ''Muraji'', and out of these, the most influential families were given '' Ōomi'' and ''Ōmuraji''. During the Taika Reform, these were however abolished, and the kabane was no longer tied to a specific occupation or political position, but simply began to signify a family's aristocratic lineage and social status. In 684, the traditional ''kabane'' sys ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Junior Third Rank
The court ranks of Japan, also known in Japanese as ''ikai'' (位階), are indications of an individual's court rank in Japan based on the system of the state. ''Ikai'' as a system was originally used in the Ritsuryo system, which was the political administration system used in ancient China, and the indication of the rank of bureaucrats and officials in countries that inherited (class system). Currently, the Japanese court ranks and titles are now one of the types of honours conferred to those who have held government posts for a long time and to those who have made distinguished achievements. In recent times, most appointments, if not all, are offered posthumously. A recent recipient of such a court rank is the late former prime minister Shinzo Abe Shinzo Abe ( ; ja, 安倍 晋三, Hepburn: , ; 21 September 1954 – 8 July 2022) was a Japanese politician who served as Prime Minister of Japan and President of the Liberal Democratic Party (LDP) from 2006 to 2007 and again ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Emperor Tenmu
was the 40th emperor of Japan, Imperial Household Agency (''Kunaichō'') 天武天皇 (40) retrieved 2013-8-22. according to the traditional order of succession. Ponsonby-Fane, Richard. (1959). ''The Imperial House of Japan'', p. 53. Tenmu's reign lasted from 673 until his death in 686. Traditional narrative Tenmu was the youngest son of Emperor Jomei and Empress Kōgyoku, and the younger brother of the Emperor Tenji. His name at birth was Prince Ōama (大海人皇子:Ōama no ōji). He was succeeded by Empress Jitō, who was both his niece and his wife. During the reign of his elder brother, Emperor Tenji, Tenmu was forced to marry several of Tenji's daughters because Tenji thought those marriages would help to strengthen political ties between the two brothers. The nieces he married included Princess Unonosarara, today known as Empress Jitō, and Princess Ōta. Tenmu also had other consorts whose fathers were influential courtiers. Tenmu had many children, including his cro ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
