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Funduq Al-Najjariyyin
Funduq al-Najjarin ( ar, فندق النجارين, lit=Inn of the carpenters) (also spelled ''Fondouk (el-)Nejjarine'') is a historic ''funduq'' (a caravanserai or traditional inn) in Fes el Bali, the old medina quarter in the city of Fez, Morocco. The funduq is situated in the heart of the medina, at Al-Najjarin Square (also: Nejjarine Square or Place Nejjarine), which is also notable for the Nejjarine Fountain, an attached '' saqayya'' or traditional public fountain. The building was designed for use by the merchants, traders, and visitors to the city of Fez and provided a storage place. It is a prominent example of Moroccan riad architecture. Today it houses a private museum, ''Le Musée Nejjarine des Arts et Métiers du Bois'' (Nejjarine Museum of Wooden Arts & Crafts). History The name ''al-Najjarin'' (or the French transliteration ''Nejjarine''; ) means "carpenters", a reference to the historic presence of a carpenters' '' souq'' (market) around the square in front of t ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Caravanserai
A caravanserai (or caravansary; ) was a roadside inn where travelers ( caravaners) could rest and recover from the day's journey. Caravanserais supported the flow of commerce, information and people across the network of trade routes covering Asia, North Africa and Southeast Europe, most notably the Silk Road. Often located along rural roads in the countryside, urban versions of caravanserais were also historically common in cities throughout the Islamic world, and were often called other names such as ''khan'', ''wikala'', or ''funduq''. Terms and etymology Caravanserai Caravanserai ( fa, کاروانسرای, ''kārvānsarāy''), is the Persian compound word variant combining ''kārvān'' " caravan" with ''-sarāy'' "palace", "building with enclosed courts". Here "caravan" means a group of traders, pilgrims or other travellers, engaged in long-distance travel. The word is also rendered as ''caravansary'', ''caravansaray'', ''caravanseray'', ''caravansara'', and ''caravansa ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Sebil (fountain)
A sebil or sabil ( ar, سبيل, sabīl ; Turkish: ''sebil'') is a small kiosk in the Islamic architectural tradition where water is freely dispensed to members of the public by an attendant behind a grilled window. The term is sometimes also used to refer to simple unmanned fountains with a tap for drinking water, though other names often exist for such fountains (such as ''çesme'' in Turkish). Historically, sebils are structures of both civic and religious importance in Muslim cities, most prominently in the cities of the Ottoman Empire, based in Istanbul, and of the Mamluk Empire, based in Cairo. They were built at crossroads, in the middle of city squares, and on the outside of mosques and other religious complexes to provide drinking water for travelers and to assist ritual purification (ablutions) before prayer. Etymology The word ''sebil'' or ''sabil'' comes from the Arabic verb root ''sabala'' (سبل) meaning "to let fall, drop, to let hang down, to close eyes ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Gallery (architecture)
{{Wiktionary, gallery In architecture, "gallery" may refer to: * A balcony or low roof promenade inside a building, or facing a courtyard. ** Gallery (theatre), a zone above other seating, aisles or side rooms inside a theater or church ** Minstrels' gallery, a balcony used by performing musicians * A covered passage connecting fortifications ** Counterscarp gallery, a passage behind the back wall of the defensive ditch of a fort **Gibraltar's Great Siege Tunnels, also known as the Upper Galleries * Long gallery In architecture, a long gallery is a long, narrow room, often with a high ceiling. In Britain, long galleries were popular in Elizabethan and Jacobean houses. They were normally placed on the highest reception floor of English country hous ..., a space in a large house used as both a sitting room and corridor Architectural elements ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Cedar Wood
Cedar is part of the English common name of many trees and other plants, particularly those of the genus ''Cedrus''. Some botanical authorities consider the Old-World ''Cedrus'' the only "true cedars". Many other species worldwide with similarly aromatic wood, including several species of genera ''Calocedrus'', ''Thuja'', and '' Chamaecyparis'' in the Pacific Northwest of North America, are referred to as "false cedars". Plants called "cedar" include: Family Pinaceae *''Cedrus'', common English name cedar, a genus of coniferous trees in the plant family Pinaceae **Lebanon cedar, ''Cedrus libani'', a cedar native to Lebanon, western Syria and south-central Turkey **Atlas cedar, ''Cedrus atlantica'', a cedar native to the Atlas Mountains of Morocco and Algeria **Deodar cedar, ''Cedrus deodara'', a cedar native to the western Himalayas ** Cyprus cedar, ''Cedrus brevifolia'', found in the island of Cyprus's Cedar Valley in the Troodos Mountains *Siberian pine (''Pinus sibirica'' ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Tile
Tiles are usually thin, square or rectangular coverings manufactured from hard-wearing material such as ceramic, stone, metal, baked clay, or even glass. They are generally fixed in place in an array to cover roofs, floors, walls, edges, or other objects such as tabletops. Alternatively, tile can sometimes refer to similar units made from lightweight materials such as perlite, wood, and mineral wool, typically used for wall and ceiling applications. In another sense, a tile is a construction tile or similar object, such as rectangular counters used in playing games (see tile-based game). The word is derived from the French word ''tuile'', which is, in turn, from the Latin word ''tegula'', meaning a roof tile composed of fired clay. Tiles are often used to form wall and floor coverings, and can range from simple square tiles to complex or mosaics. Tiles are most often made of ceramic, typically glazed for internal uses and unglazed for roofing, but other materials are also c ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Sahn
A ''sahn'' ( ar, صَحْن, '), is a courtyard in Islamic architecture, especially the formal courtyard of a mosque. Most traditional mosques have a large central ''sahn'', which is surrounded by a ''Riwaq (arcade), riwaq'' or arcade (architecture), arcade on all sides. In traditional Islamic design, residences and neighborhoods can have private ''sahn'' courtyards. The ''sahn'' is a common element in religious buildings and residences throughout the Muslim world, used in urban and rural settings. The cloister is its equivalent in European medieval architecture and its religious buildings. Etymology The word Sahn (صَحْن) means a courtyard in Arabic. History Originally, the ''sahn'' was used for dwellings, as a secure and private setting within a residence compound's walls. Ruins of houses in Sumerian Ur with have been found, from the Third Dynasty of Ur (2100–2000 BCE). Most mosque courtyards (sahn) contained a public fountain where Muslims performed Wudu a ritual pu ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
French Protectorate In Morocco
The French protectorate in Morocco (french: Protectorat français au Maroc; ar, الحماية الفرنسية في المغرب), also known as French Morocco, was the period of French colonial rule in Morocco between 1912 to 1956. The protectorate was officially established 30 March 1912, when Sultan Abd al-Hafid signed the Treaty of Fez, though the French military occupation of Morocco had begun with the invasion of Oujda and the bombardment of Casablanca in 1907. The French protectorate lasted until the dissolution of the Treaty of Fez on 2 March 1956, with the Franco-Moroccan Joint Declaration. Morocco's independence movement, described in Moroccan historiography as the Revolution of the King and the People, restored the exiled Mohammed V but it did not end French presence in Morocco. France preserved its influence in the country, including a right to station French troops and to have a say in Morocco's foreign policy. French settlers also maintained their rights and ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Funduq Sagha
Funduq Sagha () (also spelled ''Fondouk Sagha'') is a historic ''funduq'' (a caravanserai or traditional inn) in Fes el Bali, the old medina quarter in the city of Fez, Morocco. History The funduq was built in 1711 CE (1123 AH) during the reign of the Alaouite Sultan Ismail Ibn Sharif, probably by the initiative of powerful local merchants or officials. Like other buildings of its type, it served as a center of commercial activity and merchant dealings, and became one of the most important ones in Fes. The ground floor of the building was devoted exclusively to commercial activities, while the upper floors were taken up by artisan workshops and used for the storage of merchandise. In the early 20th century, it was particularly known for the sale of tea. The funduq recently underwent a major restoration between 2013 and 2017 within the framework of an initiative to rehabilitate 27 historic monuments in Fes. During the restoration process, archaeological excavations were also ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Makhzen
Makhzen (Arabic: , Berber: ''Lmexzen'') is the governing institution in Morocco and in pre-1957 Tunisia, centered on the monarch and consisting of royal notables, top-ranking military personnel, landowners, security service bosses, civil servants and other well-connected members of the establishment. The term "Makhzen" is also popularly used in Morocco as a word meaning "State" or "Government". Etymology The word ''makhzen'' ( ar, مخزن) literally means "warehouse" in Arabic (from ''khazana'' 'to store up'), where the king's civil servants used to receive their wages; but this usage of the word became in Moroccan Arabic synonymous with the elite. It is likely a metonymy related to taxes, which the ''makhzen'' used to collect; the term may also refer to the state or its actors, but this usage is increasingly rare and is primarily used by the older generation. It is the origin of the Spanish and Portuguese ''almacén'' and ''armazém'' (with addition of the Arabic definite ar ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Abd Al-Rahman Of Morocco
''Moulay'' Abd al-Rahman bin Hisham ( ar, عبد الرحمن بن هشام), born on 19 February 1778 in Fes and died on 28 August 1859 in Meknes, was a sultan of Morocco from 30 November 1822 to 28 August 1859, as a ruler of the 'Alawi dynasty. He was a son of Moulay Hisham. He was proclaimed sultan in Fes after the death of Moulay Sulayman. During his long reign he proved himself competent in an age where Africa was being colonized by stronger European nations, such as neighbouring Ottoman Algeria which was invaded by France. He was able to preserve Moroccan independence and maintain Moroccan borders without ceding any land, while also supporting Emir Abd al-Qadir's resistance in Algeria against France. He also signed the necessary treaties to enforce his beliefs, and fought numerous conflicts with European nations, especially France. Biography Abd al-Rahman bin Hisham was born in Fes on 19 February 1778. Following the death of his uncle Sulayman, Abd al-Rahman was ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ismail Ibn Sharif
Moulay Ismail Ibn Sharif ( ar, مولاي إسماعيل بن الشريف), born around 1645 in Sijilmassa and died on 22 March 1727 at Meknes, was a Sultan of Morocco from 1672–1727, as the second ruler of the Alaouite dynasty. He was the seventh son of Moulay Sharif and was governor of the province of Fez and the north of Morocco from 1667 until the death of his half-brother, Sultan Moulay Rashid in 1672. He was proclaimed sultan at Fez, but spent several years in conflict with his nephew Moulay Ahmed ben Mehrez, who also claimed the throne, until the latter's death in 1687. Moulay Ismail's 55-year reign is the longest of any sultan of Morocco. The reign of Moulay Ismail marked a high watermark for Moroccan power. His military successes are explained by the creation of a strong army, originally relying on the 'Guichs' (especially the Udaya) and on the Black Guard (or Abid al-Bukhari), black slaves who were totally devoted to him. As a result, the central power could be le ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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