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Functional Sentence Perspective
In linguistics, functional sentence perspective (FSP) is a theory describing the information structure of the sentence and language communication in general. It has been developed in the tradition of the Prague School of Functional and Structural Linguistics together with its sister theory, Topic-Focus Articulation. The key concepts of FSP were laid down by Jan Firbas in the mid-1950s on the basis of the linguistic work of Vilém Mathesius, especially his idea of functional syntax in linguistic characterology of language. Terminology The term 'functional sentence perspective' was created by Jan Firbas as a more convenient English equivalent of Mathesius’ Czech term aktuální členění větné: Within Czech linguistics the Czech calque of the English term Functional Sentence Perspective ''funkční větná perspektiva'' is nowadays used to refer to the approach stemming from the writings of Jan Firbas and his followers, while the original Mathesius’ Czech term ''aktuáln ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Linguistics
Linguistics is the science, scientific study of human language. It is called a scientific study because it entails a comprehensive, systematic, objective, and precise analysis of all aspects of language, particularly its nature and structure. Linguistics is concerned with both the Cognition, cognitive and social aspects of language. It is considered a scientific field as well as an academic discipline; it has been classified as a social science, natural science, cognitive science,Thagard, PaulCognitive Science, The Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy (Fall 2008 Edition), Edward N. Zalta (ed.). or part of the humanities. Traditional areas of linguistic analysis correspond to phenomena found in human linguistic systems, such as syntax (rules governing the structure of sentences); semantics (meaning); Morphology (linguistics), morphology (structure of words); phonetics (speech sounds and equivalent gestures in sign languages); phonology (the abstract sound system of a particular ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Prague School (linguistics)
The Prague school or Prague linguistic circle is a language and literature society. It started in 1926 as a group of linguists, philologists and literary critics in Prague. Its proponents developed methods of structuralist literary analysis and a theory of the standard language and of language cultivation from 1928 to 1939. The linguistic circle was founded in the Café Derby in Prague, which is also where meetings took place during its first years. The Prague School has had a significant continuing influence on linguistics and semiotics. After the Czechoslovak coup d'état of 1948, the circle was disbanded in 1952, but the Prague School continued as a major force in linguistic functionalism (distinct from the Copenhagen school or English Firthian – later Hallidean – linguistics). The American scholar Dell Hymes cites his 1962 paper, "The Ethnography of Speaking," as the formal introduction of Prague functionalism to American linguistic anthropology. The Prag ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Jan Firbas
Jan Firbas (25 March 1921, Brno – 5 May 2000, Brno), was a Czechs, Czech linguistics, linguist and a prominent representative of the Prague School of linguistics. Biography Born in Brno, in then Czechoslovakia, he studied English, German and philosophy at the Faculty of Arts of Masaryk University. From 1949 he was a member of the Department of English and American Studies of the faculty until his death in 2000. He became a member of the Prague school, Prague Linguistics Circle, which was outlawed by the communist government. Persecution from the communist government and the fact that he came from an old Protestant family and refused to renounce his belief significantly delayed his academic career. Despite his international renown, it took him ten years to have his habilitation officially approved and he was only made Professor in 1990. In 1986, he was awarded Honorary Doctorates by the Universities of Leuven and Leeds, and in 2000 by the University of Turku. Even though he was fr ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Vilém Mathesius
Vilém Mathesius (, 3 August 1882 – 12 April 1945) was a Czech linguist, literary historian and co-founder of the Prague Linguistic Circle. He is considered one of the founders of structural functionalism in linguistics. Mathesius was the editor-in-chief of two linguistic journals, ''Travaux du Cercle Linguistique de Prague'' (“Works of the Prague Linguistic Circle”) and ''Slovo a slovesnost'' ("Word and Verbal Art"), and the co-founder of a third, ''Nové Athenaeum.'' His extensive publications in these journals and elsewhere cover a range of topics, including the history of English literature, syntax, Czech stylistics, and cultural activism. In addition to his work in linguistics, in 1912 he founded the department of English philology at Charles University, which was the first such department in Czechoslovakia. He remained head of the department until 1939, when the Nazis closed all Czech universities. The department now exists as a branch of the Faculty of Arts, but i ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Henri Weil
Henri Weil (August 27, 1818 – November 5, 1909) was a French philologist. Biography Born to a Jewish family in Frankfurt, he was educated at the universities of Bonn, Berlin, and Leipzig. He went to France, and continued his studies at Paris, graduating as Docteur ès lettres in 1845, and becoming "agrégé" in 1848. Appointed professor of ancient literature at the University of Besançon, he was in 1872 elected dean of the faculty. In 1876 he was called to Paris to fill a vacancy as instructor at the École Normale Supérieure and to assume charge of the École Pratique des Hautes Études, both of which positions he resigned in 1891. In 1866 he was elected corresponding member of the Académie des Inscriptions et Belles-Lettres, becoming full member in 1882 as the successor of Édouard Dulaurier. In 1887 he received the cross of the Legion of Honor. He died in Paris. Weil edited the poems of Aeschylus, eight tragedies of Euripides, and the orations of Demosthenes Demost ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Josef Vachek
Josef may refer to *Josef (given name) *Josef (surname) Josef is the surname of the following people: * Jens Josef (born 1967), German composer of classical music, a flutist and academic teacher * Michelle Josef (born 1954), Canadian musician and transgender activist *Mikolas Josef Mikoláš Josef ( ... * ''Josef'' (film), a 2011 Croatian war film * Musik Josef, a Japanese manufacturer of musical instruments {{disambiguation ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Petr Sgall
Petr Sgall (27 May 1926 – 28 May 2019) was a Czech linguist. He specialized in dependency grammar, topic–focus articulation and Common Czech. Biography Sgall was born on 27 May 1926 in České Budějovice. His father was an attorney and a translator from Litomyšl of Jewish descent. Sgall studied at Česká Třebová high school; however he was expelled in the 1942/43 academic year because of his Jewish father. Most of Sgall's closest relatives were killed in the Auschwitz concentration camp. He studied Indo-European studies, comparative linguistics, general linguistics and Czech at Charles University in Prague Prague ( ; cs, Praha ; german: Prag, ; la, Praga) is the capital and List of cities in the Czech Republic, largest city in the Czech Republic, and the historical capital of Bohemia. On the Vltava river, Prague is home to about 1.3 milli .... External links Charles University home page Linguists from the Czech Republic Charles University facult ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Eva Hajičová
Eva Hajičová (born 23 August 1935) is a Czech linguist, specializing in topic–focus articulation and corpus linguistics. In 2006, she was awarded the Association for Computational Linguistics The Association for Computational Linguistics (ACL) is a scientific and professional organization for people working on natural language processing. Its namesake conference is one of the primary high impact conferences for natural language proces ... (ACL) Lifetime Achievement Award. She was named a fellow of the ACL in 2011. References External links Charles University home page Linguists from the Czech Republic Women linguists Academic staff of Charles University Living people 1935 births Corpus linguists Fellows of the Association for Computational Linguistics {{Czech-linguist-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Jarmila Panevová
Jarmila is a Slavic origin female given name. Derived from the Slavic elements jary ''fierce, strong'' and mil ''favour''. Similar names are Jaromíra and Jaroslava. Nicknames are Jarka, Jarcza, Jara, Jarina, Jaromilka, Jarmilka, Mila, Jarulinka. The meaning of the name is derived from word "bujarý" which means sprightly, hilarious. Name days *Czech: 4 February *Slovak: 28 April Notable people * Jarmila Jeřábková (1912–1989), Czech dancer, choreographer and teacher * Jarmila Klimešová (born 1981), Czech javelin thrower * Jarmila Kratochvílová (born 1951), Czech track and field runner *Jarmila Loukotková (1923-2007), Czech writer and author *Jarmila Machačová (born 1986), Czech racing cyclist * Jarmila Müllerová (1901-1944), Czech swimmer *Jarmila Novotná (1907-1994), Czech actress and soprano singer * Jarmila Nygrýnová (1953-1999), Czech long jumper * Jarmila Pacherová, Czechoslovak slalom canoeist *Jarmila Wolfe (born 1987), Slovak-born Australian tennis p ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
František Daneš
František () is a masculine given name of Czech origin. It is a cognate of Francis, Francisco, François, and Franz. People with the name include: *Frank Daniel (František Daniel) (1926–1996), Czech film director, producer, and screenwriter *Frank Musil (František Musil) (born 1964), Czech professional ice hockey player and coach *František Albert (1856–1923), Czech surgeon and writer *František Balvín (born 1915), Czech Olympic cross-country skier * František Bartoš (other), multiple people **František Bartoš (folklorist) (1837–1906), Moravian ethnomusicologist and folklorist **František Bartoš (motorcycle racer) (born 1926), Czech Grand Prix motorcycle road racer * František Běhounek (1898–1973), Czech scientist, explorer, and writer * František Bělský (1921–2000), Czech sculptor *František Bílek (1872–1941), Czech Art Nouveau and Symbolist sculptor and architect *František Bolček (1920–1968), Slovak professional football player *Frant ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Libuše Dušková
Libuše Dušková (; née Mehlová, born 27 January 1930) is a Czech linguist specializing in the fields of contrastive analysis of English grammar and functional syntax, member of the Prague Linguistic Circle and key representative of the Prague School of Linguistics. She is Professor Emerita of English Linguistics at Charles University. Her research spans a broad spectrum of topics in English linguistics, namely the verb phrase, the noun phrase, simple and complex sentences, the grammar-text interface, and aspects of the theory of Functional Sentence Perspective viewed through the prism of Jan Firbas' approach. Education Libuše Dušková's interest in the study of languages, and English specifically, goes back to her secondary school years in Česká Třebová. She was a Gymnasium student, with a wide range of hobbies including piano, which she seriously considered studying at the conservatoire after passing the final exams. She was persuaded by her sister Hana to take also ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
