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Freycinet Gauge
The Freycinet gauge (french: gabarit Freycinet) is a standard governing the dimensions of the locks of some canals, put in place as a result of a law passed during the tenure of Charles de Freycinet as minister of public works of France, dating from 5 August 1879. The law required the size of lock chambers to be increased to a length of , a width of and a minimum water depth of , thus allowing 300 to 350 tonne barges to pass through. Consequently, boats and barges, such as the péniche, built to the Freycinet gauge could not exceed in length, in breadth and a draught of . Bridges and other structures built across the canals are required to provide of clearance. In the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries many French canals were modernised to conform to the Freycinet standard. By 2001, of navigable waterways in France corresponded to the Freycinet gauge, accounting for 23% of waterborne traffic. European Classification The Freycinet gauge corresponds to the Classi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Peniche (1)
Peniche may refer to: Places * Peniche, Portugal ** Peniche Fortress People * Count of Peniche, a Portuguese title * Arturo Peniche (born 1962), Mexican actor * Kari Ann Peniche (born 1984), American actress * Karla Peniche (born 1988), Mexican model, TV actress and beauty pageant * Peniche Everton Romualdo (born 1979), Brazilian footballer * Yuliana Peniche (born 1981), Mexican actress Other * Peniche (fluid dynamics), material inserted between a half-model and the wall of a wind tunnel, used to reduce the effect of the boundary layer * Péniche (barge), a French barge. Associated with the Freycinet gauge for locks in France * G.D. Peniche, Portuguese football team See also * Péniche Hôtel A hotel barge (fr. ''péniche hôtel'') is a barge that has been built or converted to serve as a hotel or other kind of lodging. Hotel barges are generally found on rivers and canals in Europe, and may be used for river cruises or permanently moo ..., a type of floating hotel on a penich ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Lock (water Transport)
A lock is a device used for raising and lowering boats, ships and other watercraft between stretches of water of different levels on river and canal waterways. The distinguishing feature of a lock is a fixed chamber in which the water level can be varied; whereas in a caisson lock, a boat lift, or on a canal inclined plane, it is the chamber itself (usually then called a caisson) that rises and falls. Locks are used to make a river more easily navigable, or to allow a canal to cross land that is not level. Later canals used more and larger locks to allow a more direct route to be taken. Pound lock A ''pound lock'' is most commonly used on canals and rivers today. A pound lock has a chamber with gates at both ends that control the level of water in the pound. In contrast, an earlier design with a single gate was known as a flash lock. Pound locks were first used in China during the Song Dynasty (960–1279 AD), having been pioneered by the Song politician and naval en ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Charles De Freycinet
Charles Louis de Saulces de Freycinet (; 14 November 1828 – 14 May 1923) was a French statesman and four times Prime Minister during the Third Republic. He also served an important term as Minister of War (1888–1893). He belonged to the Opportunist Republicans faction. He was elected a member of the Academy of Sciences, and in 1890, the fourteenth member to occupy a seat in the Académie Française. Biography Early years Freycinet was born at Foix ( Ariège) of a Protestant family and was the nephew of Louis de Freycinet, a French navigator. Charles Freycinet was educated at the ''École Polytechnique''. He entered government service as a mining engineer (see X-Mines). In 1858 he was appointed traffic manager to the ''Compagnie de chemins de fer du Midi'', a post in which he showed a remarkable talent for organization, and in 1862 returned to the engineering service, attaining in 1886 the rank of inspector-general. He was sent on several special scientific missions, inclu ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Classification Of European Inland Waterways
The Classification of European Inland Waterways is a set of standards for interoperability of large navigable waterways forming part of the Trans-European Inland Waterway network within Continental Europe and Russia. It was created by the European Conference of Ministers of Transport (ECMT; french: Conférence européenne des ministres des Transports, ) in 1992, hence the range of dimensions are also referred to as CEMT Class I–VII. The size for each waterway is limited by the dimensions of the structures including the locks and boat lifts on the route. Classification Class I corresponds to the historical Freycinet gauge decreed in France during 1879. The larger river classification sizes are focused on the carriage of intermodal containers in convoys of barges propelled by a push-tug. Most of the canals of the United Kingdom have smaller locks and would fall below the dimensions in the European classification system. In 2004, the standards were extended with four smaller si ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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