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French Consulate General, Tangier
The French Consulate General in Tangier is one of the consular representations of the French Republic in Morocco. It has a rich history linked to Tangier's past role as diplomatic capital of the Sultanate of Morocco from the late 18th to the 20th centuries. Background France had continuous diplomatic representation in the Sultanate of Morocco, from Guillaume Bérard in 1582 to 1718 when the activity of Barbary pirates operating from Morocco's port cities led to a suspension of the relationship. It restarted with a treaty of which provided for a permanent consular representation in a Moroccan port city of France's choosing. , the first consul of that new era, established himself in 1768 in Rabat, then known as "New Salé", and stayed in Morocco until 1782, by which time he had moved the consulate to Tangier. History The next French representative arrived in Tangier in 1794, and the French consulate was formally established there on . , a Corsican parent of Napoleon, was con ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Morocco Tangier FrenchConsulate
Morocco (),, ) officially the Kingdom of Morocco, is the westernmost country in the Maghreb region of North Africa. It overlooks the Mediterranean Sea to the north and the Atlantic Ocean to the west, and has land borders with Algeria to Algeria–Morocco border, the east, and the disputed territory of Western Sahara to Morocco–Western Sahara border, the south. Mauritania lies to the south of Western Sahara. Morocco also claims the Spain, Spanish Enclave and exclave, exclaves of Ceuta, Melilla and Peñón de Vélez de la Gomera, and several small Plazas de soberanía, Spanish-controlled islands off its coast. It spans an area of or , with a population of roughly 37 million. Its official and predominant religion is Islam, and the official languages are Arabic and Berber languages, Berber; the Moroccan Arabic, Moroccan dialect of Arabic and French language, French are also widely spoken. Culture of Morocco, Moroccan identity and culture is a mix of Arab culture, Arab, Berbe ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Charles-Edgar De Mornay
Charles-Edgar de Mornay (February 4, 1803 in Paris - December 5, 1878 in Fresneaux-Montchevreuil), was a French diplomat and the first French ambassador to Morocco, a politician and collector of French painting. He was a Gentleman of the Bedchamber of Charles X of France. Mission to North Africa In mid-October 1831 Louis Philippe I sent de Mornay on a mission to Abd al-Rahman of Morocco. His task was to negotiate a peace treaty and a border delimitation with the Alawite emperor. Following the French conquest of Algeria the mission needed to establish neighbourly relations between the two countries. His mission had an immediate success: On April 4, 1832 he was able to send a letter declaring to the general-in-chief of the staff of Algiers, Anne Jean Marie René Savary, that Morocco would abandon its claims on the region of Tlemcen and Oran, promise to remain neutral and withdraw their troops from Algeria. At first Eugène Isabey had been approached to join the diplomati ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Diplomatic Missions In Morocco
Diplomatics (in American English, and in most anglophone countries), or diplomatic (in British English), is a scholarly discipline centred on the critical analysis of documents: especially, historical documents. It focuses on the conventions, protocols and formulae that have been used by document creators, and uses these to increase understanding of the processes of document creation, of information transmission, and of the relationships between the facts which the documents purport to record and reality. The discipline originally evolved as a tool for studying and determining the authenticity of the official charters and diplomas issued by royal and papal chanceries. It was subsequently appreciated that many of the same underlying principles could be applied to other types of official document and legal instrument, to non-official documents such as private letters, and, most recently, to the metadata of electronic records. Diplomatics is one of the auxiliary sciences of histo ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Diplomatic Missions Of France
Diplomatics (in American English, and in most anglophone countries), or diplomatic (in British English), is a scholarly discipline centred on the critical analysis of documents: especially, historical documents. It focuses on the conventions, protocols and formulae that have been used by document creators, and uses these to increase understanding of the processes of document creation, of information transmission, and of the relationships between the facts which the documents purport to record and reality. The discipline originally evolved as a tool for studying and determining the authenticity of the official charters and diplomas issued by royal and papal chancery (medieval office), chanceries. It was subsequently appreciated that many of the same underlying principles could be applied to other types of official document and legal instrument, to non-official documents such as private Letter (message), letters, and, most recently, to the metadata of electronic records. Diplomat ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Mendoubia
The Mendoubia or Mandubiyya ( es, Mendubía) refers to the former residence and office of the Mendoub, the representative of the Sultan of Morocco in the Tangier International Zone from 1924 to 1956 (with interruption during World War II). It now houses the commercial court of Tangier and a memorial museum. History In the early 19th century, the consul of Sweden in Tangier acquired a villa on the hill just outside the Medina. In 1872, the newly established German Empire decided to establish a consulate in Tangier and acquired the former Swedish legate's villa which it promptly remodeled and expanded, giving the building its current appearance. The first German consul-general, , arrived in 1873. In the late 19th century, it was the only European consulate outside of the walls of the Medina quarter. That German legation was the site of Kaiser Wilhelm II’s address on , supporting Moroccan independence and criticizing France’s encroachments, which triggered the First Moro ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
American Legation, Tangier
The Tangier American Legation ( ar, المفوضية الأميركية في طنجة; french: Légation américaine de Tanger), officially the Tangier American Legation Institute for Moroccan Studies (TALIMS), is a building in the ''medina'' of Tangier, Morocco. Formerly the chancery of the United States diplomatic mission to Morocco, it was the first American public property abroad and is the only U.S. National Historic Landmark located in a foreign country.Excluding those in countries that grew out of the Trust Territory of the Pacific Islands. The legation was established on May 17, 1821. Sultan Mohammed ben Abdallah issued a proclamation recognizing U.S. independence from Great Britain on December 20, 1777, making his nation the first to do so. The building was gifted by the sultan to the U.S. government to serve as a diplomatic post, for which it served for the next 140 years. After Morocco's diplomatic capital moved to Rabat in 1956, the building served a variety of go ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
France–Morocco Relations
France–Morocco relations are bilateral relations between Morocco and France. They are part of the France–Africa relations. First exchanges (8th century) Following the invasion of Spain from the coast of Morocco by the Umayyad Commander Tariq ibn Ziyad in 711, during the 8th century the Arab caliphate armies invaded Southern France, as far as Poitiers and the Rhône valley as far as Avignon, Lyon, Autun, until the turning point of the Battle of Tours in 732. France would again become threatened by the proximity of the expanding Almoravid Empire in the 11th and 12th centuries. Consuls and physicians (1577–1600) In 1402, the French adventurer Jean de Béthencourt left La Rochelle and sailed along the coast of Morocco to conquer the Canary islands. In the 16th century, the sealing of a Franco-Ottoman alliance between Francis I and Suleiman the Magnificent permitted numerous contacts between French traders and countries under Ottoman influence. In 1533, Francis I sent colon ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Pierre De Witasse
Pierre de Witasse (6 August 1878 – 26 November 1956) was a Minister of State for Monaco Monaco (; ), officially the Principality of Monaco (french: Principauté de Monaco; Ligurian: ; oc, Principat de Mónegue), is a sovereign city-state and microstate on the French Riviera a few kilometres west of the Italian region of Lig .... He was in office from 1944 to 1948. References Ministers of State of Monaco 1878 births 1956 deaths {{Monaco-politician-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Tangier International Zone
The Tangier International Zone ( ''Minṭaqat Ṭanja ad-Dawliyya'', , es, Zona Internacional de Tánger) was a international zone centered on the city of Tangier, Morocco, which existed from 1924 until its reintegration into independent Morocco in 1956, with special status lasting until April 1960. Surrounded on the land side by the Spanish protectorate in Morocco, it was governed under a complex system that involved various European nations, the United States, and the Sultan of Morocco, himself under a French protectorate. Background Tangier had developed since the 18th century as the main point of contact between the Moroccan monarchy and European commercial interests, leading to the establishment of a number of consulates in the city by the main European nations. By 1830, Denmark, France, Portugal, Sardinia, Spain, Sweden, Tuscany, the United Kingdom, and the United States all had consulates in Tangier. In 1856, its role as Morocco's diplomatic capital was made official ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
French Protectorate In Morocco
The French protectorate in Morocco (french: Protectorat français au Maroc; ar, الحماية الفرنسية في المغرب), also known as French Morocco, was the period of French colonial rule in Morocco between 1912 to 1956. The protectorate was officially established 30 March 1912, when Sultan Abd al-Hafid signed the Treaty of Fez, though the French military occupation of Morocco had begun with the invasion of Oujda and the bombardment of Casablanca in 1907. The French protectorate lasted until the dissolution of the Treaty of Fez on 2 March 1956, with the Franco-Moroccan Joint Declaration. Morocco's independence movement, described in Moroccan historiography as the Revolution of the King and the People, restored the exiled Mohammed V but it did not end French presence in Morocco. France preserved its influence in the country, including a right to station French troops and to have a say in Morocco's foreign policy. French settlers also maintained their rights and ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Haim Benchimol
Haim Benchimol (1826 or 1834 - 1906) was a businessman, newspaper publisher, Jewish community leader and philanthropist in Tangier, Morocco. In 1904 he founded the , at the time one of Tangier's main hospital facilities, which remained in activity until 2002. Biography Haim Benchimol was born in Tangier, the son of Abraham Benchimol and Saada née Sicsu. In 1856 he married Donna (sometimes Doña) Toledano, from another prominent Jewish family in Tangier. Benchimol was involved in numerous businesses, and by the late 19th century was among the richest members of the Tangier Jewish community. Like other members of his family, he also served as an interpreter and dragoman for the French Consulate General, Tangier, French legation in Tangier, for which he was awarded Protégé system, protégé status. He later became the first-ever native Moroccan to become a naturalized French citizen, and was awarded the Legion of Honour in 1884 for his services to the French diplomatic mission. ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Dar Niaba
Dar Niaba () refers both literally and metaphorically to the office of the Naib ( ar, نائب "deputy", plural Nawab) or representative of the Sultan of Morocco to the foreign communities in Tangier, under the Moroccan diplomatic arrangements in place from the 1840s to the Treaty of Fez that ended the country's sovereignty in 1912. The office of the Naib was maintained in a symbolic capacity until the creation in 1925 of the Tangier International Zone, when its last holder Mohammed Tazi became Tangier's Mendoub. Dar Niaba also refers to a Portuguese-era urban mansion on the central rue Es-Siaghine in the Medina quarter, medina of Tangier, one of the city's oldest buildings still standing. The office of the Naib was located there from 1851 until 1920, when it moved to the former German legation building later known as the Mendoubia. After a long period of neglect, it was repurposed as the Dar Niaba Museum, opened in 2022. Office of the Naib The office of Dar Niaba was created ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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