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Frederick Nanka-Bruce
Frederick Victor Nanka-Bruce (9 October 1878 – 13 July 1953) was a physician, journalist and politician in the Gold Coast (British colony), Gold Coast. He was the third African to practise medicine, orthodox medicine in the colony, after Benjamin Quartey-Papafio and Ernest James Hayford. Early life and family Frederick Victor Bruce was the scion of two prominent Ga people, Ga families; his mother was Christiana Reindorf and his father, Alexander Bruce, was an Accra merchant. The Bruces were from Jamestown, Ghana, James Town or British Accra, while the Reindorfs were from Danish Accra or Osu Castle, Osu. His father was a descendant of a prominent Ga trader named Robert William Wallace Bruce, while his mother was a relative of the Basel Mission catechist, later pastor and historian, Carl Christian Reindorf. Bruce appended "Nanka" in honour of his ancestor, Robert William Wallace Bruce, who was also known as Nii Nanka. Nanka-Bruce was educated at the Government School in Accra an ...
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Infobox writer may be used to summarize information about a person who is a writer/author (includes screenwriters). If the writer-specific fields here are not needed, consider using the more general ; other infoboxes there can be found in :People and person infobox templates. This template may also be used as a module (or sub-template) of ; see WikiProject Infoboxes/embed for guidance on such usage. Syntax The infobox may be added by pasting the template as shown below into an article. All fields are optional. Any unused parameter names can be left blank or omitted. Parameters Please remove any parameters from an article's infobox that are unlikely to be used. All parameters are optional. Unless otherwise specified, if a parameter has multiple values, they should be comma-separated using the template: : which produces: : , language= If any of the individual values contain commas already, add to use semi-colons as separators: : which produces: : , ps ...
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Carl Christian Reindorf
Carl Christian Reindorf (31 May 1834 – 1 July 1917) was a Euro-African-born pioneer historian, teacher, farmer, trader, physician and pastor who worked with the Basel Mission on the Gold Coast. He wrote '' The History of the Gold Coast and Asante'' in the Ga language; scholars consider the book a “culturally important” work and an increasingly important source for Ghanaian history. The work was later translated into English and published in 1895 in Switzerland. He used written sources and oral tradition, interviewing more than 200 people in the course of assembling his history. Biography Early life and education Reindorf was born in Prampram, Gold Coast, a palm oil trading port He was the only son of Carl Christian Reindorf Hackenburg (1806–1865), a soldier of half-Danish heritage, and Hannah Anowah Ama Cudjoe Reindorf (1811-1902), an ethnic Ga from Kinka, Dutch Accra. Carl Reindorf's father worked as a soldier at the Osu Danish garrison before he became a local age ...
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National Democratic Party (Gold Coast)
The National Democratic Party (NDP) was a right-wing political party active in the Gold Coast in the early 1950s. The party was formed in May 1950 with the merger of the Accra Ratepayers' Association and the Manbii Party. It was led by Nii Amaa Ollennu, with Frederick Nanka-Bruce as chairman. It supported a gradual transition to self-government, under the slogan "Sure, Solid, Self-government". It campaigned against Kwame Nkrumah's Convention People's Party (CPP), claiming that the CPP's candidates were inexperienced and extreme, while its candidates were both experienced and respectable. The British colonial officials welcomed the formation of the party, but privately expressed doubts about its popular appeal. At the 1951 Gold Coast legislative election, the party ran in co-ordination with the United Gold Coast Convention (UGCC). It also aligned itself with two parties which did not contest the election, the People's Democratic Party, based in Kumasi Kumasi (historical ...
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1946 Gold Coast Legislative Election
General elections were held in the Gold Coast in June 1946.British Gold Coast/Togoland (1946-1957)
University of Central Arkansas Constitutional amendments on 29 March 1946 enabled the colony to be the first in Africa to have a majority of black members in its legislature; of the Legislative Council's 32 members, 21 were black, including all 18 elected members. The first meeting of the Legislative Council was on 23 July 1946."The King's Message To Gold Coast", ''The Times'', 24 July 1946, p3, issue 50511


Background

A new constitution was promulgated by an

1931 Gold Coast Legislative Election
General elections were held in Gold Coast in 1931. Electoral system The Legislative Council had 30 members, of which 16 were 'official' members (civil servants) and 14 'unofficial' members.F.M. Bourret (1952) ''The Gold Coast: A Survey of the Gold Coast and British Togoland'', Stanford University Press, p49 Of the 14 unofficial members, three were Europeans appointed by the Governor to represent banking, mercantile and shipping interests, and two were Europeans elected by the Chamber of Commerce and Chamber of Mines. The remaining nine unofficial members were Africans, six of which were elected by the Provincial Councils (three by the Eastern Province Council, two by the Central Province Council and one by the Western Province Council) and three directly-elected members representing the municipalities of Accra, Cape Coast and Sekondi. Campaign Incumbent MLC for Accra John Glover Addo declined to run for a second term. The Accra Ratepayers Association had several potential candid ...
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Legislative Council Of The Gold Coast
The Parliament of Ghana is the legislative body of the Government of Ghana. History Legislative representation in Ghana dates back to 1850, when the country was a British colony known as Gold Coast. The body, called the Legislative Council, was purely advisory as the Governor exercised all legislative and executive powers. Reforms were introduced in 1916 and 1925, although the governor's power remained extensive. In 1946, a new constitution was introduced that allowed for an unofficial member of the Legislative Council to become its president while the governor ceased to be the ''ex officio'' president of the body. This system continued until 1951 when the Legislature elected its first Speaker - Sir Emmanuel Charles Quist. 1951 was also the first year that elections based on universal suffrage were held. The Convention People's Party (CPP), which was formed in 1949 and led by Kwame Nkrumah, won the election. Another party, the United Gold Coast Convention (UGCC) led by J.B. D ...
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Public Health
Public health is "the science and art of preventing disease, prolonging life and promoting health through the organized efforts and informed choices of society, organizations, public and private, communities and individuals". Analyzing the determinants of health of a population and the threats it faces is the basis for public health. The ''public'' can be as small as a handful of people or as large as a village or an entire city; in the case of a pandemic it may encompass several continents. The concept of ''health'' takes into account physical, psychological, and social well-being.What is the WHO definition of health?
from the Preamble to the Constitution of WHO as adopted by the International Health Conference, New York, 19 June - 22 July 1946; signed on ...
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London Hospital
The Royal London Hospital is a large teaching hospital in Whitechapel in the London Borough of Tower Hamlets. It is part of Barts Health NHS Trust. It provides district general hospital services for the City of London and Tower Hamlets and specialist tertiary care services for patients from across London and elsewhere. The current hospital building has 845 beds, 110 wards and 26 operating theatres, and opened in February 2012. The hospital was founded in September 1740 and was originally named the London Infirmary. The name changed to the London Hospital in 1748, and in 1990 to the Royal London Hospital. The first patients were treated at a house in Featherstone Street, Moorfields. In May 1741, the hospital moved to Prescot Street, and remained there until 1757 when it moved to its current location on the south side of Whitechapel Road, Whitechapel, in the London Borough of Tower Hamlets. The hospital's roof-top helipad is the London's Air Ambulance operating base. The helicop ...
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Bachelor Of Medicine
Bachelor of Medicine, Bachelor of Surgery ( la, Medicinae Baccalaureus, Baccalaureus Chirurgiae; abbreviated most commonly MBBS), is the primary medical degree awarded by medical schools in countries that follow the tradition of the United Kingdom. The historical degree nomenclature states that they are two separate undergraduate degrees. In practice, however, they are usually combined as one and conferred together, and may also be awarded at graduate-level medical schools. It usually takes five to six years to complete this degree. Bachelor of Medicine (MB, also BM, BMed) is the primary medical degree awarded by medical schools in China and some medical schools in Australia and UK. It usually takes five years to complete. These medical graduates with an MB degree can still practice surgery. Both medical degrees are considered MD-equivalent in US universities and medical institutions. In North America, the equivalent medical degree is awarded as Doctor of Medicine (MD) or Doc ...
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British Medical Journal
''The BMJ'' is a weekly peer-reviewed medical trade journal, published by the trade union the British Medical Association (BMA). ''The BMJ'' has editorial freedom from the BMA. It is one of the world's oldest general medical journals. Originally called the ''British Medical Journal'', the title was officially shortened to ''BMJ'' in 1988, and then changed to ''The BMJ'' in 2014. The journal is published by BMJ Publishing Group Ltd, a subsidiary of the British Medical Association (BMA). The editor-in-chief of ''The BMJ'' is Kamran Abbasi, who was appointed in January 2022. History The journal began publishing on 3 October 1840 as the ''Provincial Medical and Surgical Journal'' and quickly attracted the attention of physicians around the world through its publication of high-impact original research articles and unique case reports. The ''BMJ''s first editors were P. Hennis Green, lecturer on the diseases of children at the Hunterian School of Medicine, who also was its f ...
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Ashanti Empire
The Asante Empire (Asante Twi: ), today commonly called the Ashanti Empire, was an Akan state that lasted between 1701 to 1901, in what is now modern-day Ghana. It expanded from the Ashanti Region to include most of Ghana as well as parts of Ivory Coast and Togo. Due to the empire's military prowess, wealth, architecture, sophisticated hierarchy and culture, the Ashanti Empire has been extensively studied and has more historic records written by European, primarily British authors than any other indigenous culture of Sub-Saharan Africa.Collins and Burns (2007), p. 140. Starting in the late 17th century, the Ashanti king Osei Tutu ( – 1717) and his adviser Okomfo Anokye established the Ashanti Kingdom, with the Golden Stool of Asante as a sole unifying symbol. Osei Tutu oversaw a massive Ashanti territorial expansion, building up the army by introducing new organisation and turning a disciplined royal and paramilitary army into an effective fighting machine. In 1701, the ...
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Frederick Mitchell Hodgson
Sir Frederick Mitchell Hodgson, (1851 – 6 August 1925) was a British colonial administrator who was Governor of the Gold Coast (1898–1900), Barbados (1900–04) and British Guiana (1904–11). Early years Hodgson was the son of the Reverend Octavius Arthur Hodgson, Rector of East Stoke, Dorset, England. He joined the General Post Office, and worked in the Savings Bank department between 1868 and 1869. He was Postmaster General of British Guiana from 1884 to 1888. Gold Coast Hodgson was appointed Colonial Secretary of Gold Coast from 1888 to 1898. In 1892 he raised the Gold Coast Rifle Volunteers, and was Major commanding this force. Hodgson was Governor and Commander-in-Chief of Gold Coast from 1898 to 1900. He was appointed KCMG on 3 June 1899. The 1896 British expedition against the Ashanti led by Sir Francis Scott had entered Kumasi and forced King Prempeh to submit, with all his treasures being seized except the Golden Stool of Ashanti, which had been hidden. The Gol ...
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