Frank Birch (referee)
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Frank Birch (referee)
Frank Earl Birch (November 11, 1883) was a college football and basketball referee who first introduced signals. In 1920, he passed out cards to coaches and the press with a code of twelve gestures. He was a graduate of Earlham College. He married Margaret Johnson. He was also once mayor of Sterling, Illinois Sterling is a city in Whiteside County, Illinois, Whiteside County, Illinois, United States. The population was 14,782 at the 2020 United States Census, 2020 census, down from 15,370 in 2010. Formerly nicknamed "Hardware Capital of the World", the .... References 1883 births 1948 deaths College football officials Earlham Quakers men's basketball players College men's basketball referees in the United States Earlham Quakers baseball players Earlham Quakers football players Mayors of places in Illinois People from Sterling, Illinois {{collegefootball-stub ...
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College Football
College football (french: Football universitaire) refers to gridiron football played by teams of student athletes. It was through college football play that American football rules first gained popularity in the United States. Unlike most other sports in North America, no official minor league farm organizations exist in American or Canadian football. Therefore, college football is generally considered to be the second tier of American and Canadian football; one step ahead of high school competition, and one step below professional competition (the NFL). In some areas of the US, especially the South and the Midwest, college football is more popular than professional football, and for much of the 20th century college football was seen as more prestigious. A player's performance in college football directly impacts his chances of playing professional football. The best collegiate players will typically declare for the professional draft after three to four years of colleg ...
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Earlham College
Earlham College is a private liberal arts college in Richmond, Indiana. The college was established in 1847 by the Religious Society of Friends (Quakers) and has a strong focus on Quaker values such as integrity, a commitment to peace and social justice, mutual respect, and community decision-making. It offers a Master of Arts in Teaching and has an affiliated graduate seminary, the Earlham School of Religion, which offers three master's degrees: Master of Divinity, Master of Ministry, and Master of Arts in Religion. History Earlham was founded in 1847 as a boarding high school for the religious education of Quaker adolescents. In 1859, Earlham became Earlham College, upon the addition of collegiate academics. At this time, Earlham was the third Quaker college in the United States (Haverford College was first, Guilford College the second), and the second U.S. institution of higher education to be coeducational (Oberlin College was first). Though the college initially admitted onl ...
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Sterling, Illinois
Sterling is a city in Whiteside County, Illinois, Whiteside County, Illinois, United States. The population was 14,782 at the 2020 United States Census, 2020 census, down from 15,370 in 2010. Formerly nicknamed "Hardware Capital of the World", the city has long been associated with manufacturing and the steel industry. Geography Sterling lies along the north bank of the Rock River (Mississippi River), Rock River, opposite its twin city, Rock Falls, Illinois, Rock Falls. The terrain is mostly flat. The land immediately outside of town is almost entirely farmland. The prairie soil is part of one of the world's most fertile growing areas. According to the 2010 census, Sterling has a total area of , of which (or 96.08%) is land and (or 3.92%) is water. Demographics As of the census of 2000, there were 15,596 people, 6,234 households, and 3,946 families residing in the city. The population density was . There were 6,596 housing units at an average density of . The racial makeup of t ...
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1883 Births
Events January–March * January 4 – ''Life'' magazine is founded in Los Angeles, California, United States. * January 10 – A fire at the Newhall Hotel in Milwaukee, Wisconsin, United States, kills 73 people. * January 16 – The Pendleton Civil Service Reform Act, establishing the United States civil service, is passed. * January 19 – The first electric lighting system employing overhead wires begins service in Roselle, New Jersey, United States, installed by Thomas Edison. * February – ''The Adventures of Pinocchio'' by Carlo Collodi is first published complete in book form, in Italy. * February 15 – Tokyo Electrical Lightning Grid, predecessor of Tokyo Electrical Power (TEPCO), one of the largest electrical grids in Asia and the world, is founded in Japan. * February 16 – The '' Ladies' Home Journal'' is published for the first time, in the United States. * February 23 – Alabama becomes the first U.S. stat ...
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1948 Deaths
Events January * January 1 ** The General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade (GATT) is inaugurated. ** The Constitution of New Jersey (later subject to amendment) goes into effect. ** The railways of Britain are nationalized, to form British Railways. * January 4 – Burma gains its independence from the United Kingdom, becoming an independent republic, named the ''Union of Burma'', with Sao Shwe Thaik as its first President, and U Nu its first Prime Minister. * January 5 ** Warner Brothers shows the first color newsreel (''Tournament of Roses Parade'' and the '' Rose Bowl Game''). ** The first Kinsey Report, ''Sexual Behavior in the Human Male'', is published in the United States. * January 7 – Mantell UFO incident: Kentucky Air National Guard pilot Thomas Mantell crashes while in pursuit of an unidentified flying object. * January 12 – Mahatma Gandhi begins his fast-unto-death in Delhi, to stop communal violence during the Partition of India. * January 1 ...
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College Football Officials
A college (Latin: ''collegium'') is an educational institution or a constituent part of one. A college may be a degree-awarding tertiary educational institution, a part of a collegiate or federal university, an institution offering vocational education, or a secondary school. In most of the world, a college may be a high school or secondary school, a college of further education, a training institution that awards trade qualifications, a higher-education provider that does not have university status (often without its own degree-awarding powers), or a constituent part of a university. In the United States, a college may offer undergraduate programs – either as an independent institution or as the undergraduate program of a university – or it may be a residential college of a university or a community college, referring to (primarily public) higher education institutions that aim to provide affordable and accessible education, usually limited to two-year associ ...
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Earlham Quakers Men's Basketball Players
Earlham can refer to the following places: * Earlham, Norfolk, England **Earlham Hall, a historic house in Norfolk, England **Earlham Road, Norwich, England *Earlham, Iowa, United States *Earlham College, a liberal arts college in Richmond, Indiana, United States *Earlham Institute, a research institute in genomics and bioinformatics in Norfolk, England *Earlham Cemetery Earlham can refer to the following places: * Earlham, Norfolk, England **Earlham Hall, a historic house in Norfolk, England **Earlham Road, Norwich, England *Earlham, Iowa, United States *Earlham College, a liberal arts college in Richmond, Indiana ...
, a historic cemetery adjacent to Earlham College in Richmond, Indiana, United States {{Disambig, geo ...
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College Men's Basketball Referees In The United States
A college (Latin: ''collegium'') is an educational institution or a constituent part of one. A college may be a degree-awarding tertiary educational institution, a part of a collegiate or federal university, an institution offering vocational education, or a secondary school. In most of the world, a college may be a high school or secondary school, a college of further education, a training institution that awards trade qualifications, a higher-education provider that does not have university status (often without its own degree-awarding powers), or a constituent part of a university. In the United States, a college may offer undergraduate programs – either as an independent institution or as the undergraduate program of a university – or it may be a residential college of a university or a community college, referring to (primarily public) higher education institutions that aim to provide affordable and accessible education, usually limited to two-year associ ...
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Earlham Quakers Baseball Players
Earlham can refer to the following places: * Earlham, Norfolk, England **Earlham Hall, a historic house in Norfolk, England **Earlham Road, Norwich, England *Earlham, Iowa, United States *Earlham College, a liberal arts college in Richmond, Indiana, United States *Earlham Institute, a research institute in genomics and bioinformatics in Norfolk, England *Earlham Cemetery Earlham can refer to the following places: * Earlham, Norfolk, England **Earlham Hall, a historic house in Norfolk, England **Earlham Road, Norwich, England *Earlham, Iowa, United States *Earlham College, a liberal arts college in Richmond, Indiana ...
, a historic cemetery adjacent to Earlham College in Richmond, Indiana, United States {{Disambig, geo ...
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Earlham Quakers Football Players
Earlham can refer to the following places: * Earlham, Norfolk, England **Earlham Hall, a historic house in Norfolk, England **Earlham Road, Norwich, England *Earlham, Iowa, United States *Earlham College, a liberal arts college in Richmond, Indiana, United States *Earlham Institute Earlham Institute (EI, formerly The Genome Analysis Centre (TGAC)) is a life science research institute located at the Norwich Research Park (NRP), Norwich, England. EI's research is focused on exploring living systems by applying computationa ..., a research institute in genomics and bioinformatics in Norfolk, England * Earlham Cemetery, a historic cemetery adjacent to Earlham College in Richmond, Indiana, United States {{Disambig, geo ...
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Mayors Of Places In Illinois
In many countries, a mayor is the highest-ranking official in a municipal government such as that of a city or a town. Worldwide, there is a wide variance in local laws and customs regarding the powers and responsibilities of a mayor as well as the means by which a mayor is elected or otherwise mandated. Depending on the system chosen, a mayor may be the chief executive officer of the municipal government, may simply chair a multi-member governing body with little or no independent power, or may play a solely ceremonial role. A mayor's duties and responsibilities may be to appoint and oversee municipal managers and employees, provide basic governmental services to constituents, and execute the laws and ordinances passed by a municipal governing body (or mandated by a state, territorial or national governing body). Options for selection of a mayor include direct election by the public, or selection by an elected governing council or board. The term ''mayor'' shares a linguistic or ...
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