Francisco Javier Abadía
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Francisco Javier Abadía
Francisco Javier Abadía y Aragorri (1770–1836) was a Spanish lieutenant general and, briefly, minister of war. Early career Abadía enlisted as a cadet in the Toledo Infantry Regiment and was garrisoned at Ceuta and Melilla.. Isabel Sánchez, José Luis"Francisco Javier Abadía y Aragorri".''Diccionario Biográfico electrónico'' (''DB~e'').] Real Academia de la Historia. Retrieved 21 July 2023. In 1793, during the War of the Pyrenees, he saw action as a sub-lieutenant at Toulon and promoted to second lieutenant for his bravery in action. He saw further action at Balaguer, at the strategic bridge at Molins de Rei and at Sant Llorenç de la Muga. Following the fall of Figueras (28 November 1794), Abadía took part in defending Rosas (28 November 1794 – 4 February 1795), until the governor, General Domingo Izquierdo, ordered the stronghold to be evacuated by sea, and Abadía, at the head of 500 troops, was ordered to oversee the operation. Taken prisoner by the French, he ...
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Barcelona
Barcelona ( , , ) is a city on the coast of northeastern Spain. It is the capital and largest city of the autonomous community of Catalonia, as well as the second most populous municipality of Spain. With a population of 1.6 million within city limits,Barcelona: Población por municipios y sexo
– Instituto Nacional de Estadística. (National Statistics Institute)
its urban area extends to numerous neighbouring municipalities within the and is home to around 4.8 million people, making it the
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José De San Martín
José Francisco de San Martín y Matorras (25 February 177817 August 1850), known simply as José de San Martín () or '' the Liberator of Argentina, Chile and Peru'', was an Argentine general and the primary leader of the southern and central parts of South America's successful struggle for independence from the Spanish Empire who served as the Protector of Peru. Born in Yapeyú, Corrientes, in modern-day Argentina, he left the Viceroyalty of the Río de la Plata at the early age of seven to study in Málaga, Spain. In 1808, after taking part in the Peninsular War against France, San Martín contacted South American supporters of independence from Spain in London. In 1812, he set sail for Buenos Aires and offered his services to the United Provinces of the Río de la Plata, present-day Argentina. After the Battle of San Lorenzo and time commanding the Army of the North during 1814, he organized a plan to defeat the Spanish forces that menaced the United Provinces from the ...
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Sancti Petri
The Islote de Sancti Petri is a small barren island belonging to the municipality of San Fernando, Cádiz in the province of Cádiz and the autonomous region of Andalusia, Spain. It is close to the coast and south of Cadiz city. For many years, the island was a restricted military zone, but it is now under the control of the Spanish Environment Ministry. In the first century BC the Greek historian Strabo mentioned in his book ''Geographica'' that the Tyrians founded Gadeira, building a sanctuary to Melkart, known as Hercules Hercules (, ) is the Roman equivalent of the Greek divine hero Heracles, son of Jupiter and the mortal Alcmena. In classical mythology, Hercules is famous for his strength and for his numerous far-ranging adventures. The Romans adapted the Gr ... to the Greeks, in the eastern part of the island and the city in the western part. Castle The ruins of an eighteenth-century castle remain on the island; the tower of the castle has been substantially rebu ...
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Serranía De Ronda
The Serranía de Ronda is a comarca in the western part of the province of Málaga, Andalusia, Spain. As is currently (as of 2009) the norm in Andalusia, it has no formal status. The 2007 Statute of Autonomy of Andalusia, unlike its 1981 predecessor, mentions comarcas in Article 97 of Title III, which defines the significance of comarcas and establishes a basis for formal recognition in future legislation, but no such legislation has yet been enacted. Geography It is an area of natural beauty and geographical diversity, popular with walkers, birdwatchers, climbers and potholers. It contains both the Sierra de Grazalema Natural Park - reputedly one of the wettest regions in Spain - and the Sierra de las Nieves. The central town of Ronda is the administrative headquarters, perched on a high plateau, with numerous small, white villages dotted around the surrounding countryside. There are limestone escarpments, cork forests and fields of wheat and sunflowers. Numerous small rivers c ...
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Campo De Gibraltar
Campo de Gibraltar (, "Gibraltar Countryside") is a comarca (county) in the province of Cádiz, Spain, in the southwestern part of the autonomous community of Andalusia, the southernmost part of mainland Europe. It comprises the municipalities of Algeciras, La Línea de la Concepción, San Roque, Los Barrios, Castellar de la Frontera, Jimena de la Frontera and Tarifa. Its name comes from the municipal term of the town of Gibraltar, now a British Overseas Territory. Until 1704, the Campo de Gibraltar was simply the term for the municipality of Gibraltar, about 500 km2 corresponding approximately to the current municipalities of Algeciras, San Roque, Los Barrios and La Línea de la Concepción. Following the capture of Gibraltar during the War of the Spanish Succession The War of the Spanish Succession was a European great power conflict that took place from 1701 to 1714. The death of childless Charles II of Spain in November 1700 led to a struggle for control of th ...
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Tomás De Morla
Tomás de Morla y Pacheco (1747–1812) was a Spanish soldier and politician, who served during the Spanish war of liberation. Early life Tomás was born in Jerez de la Frontera in 1747, though there is no consensus among authors on the date. He was the son of Tomas Bruno Morla and Maria Lopez Pacheco de Saavedra y Valle. Following family tradition he joined the military in 1764, entering the Artillery Academy at Segovia. Career In 1780, during the American War of Independence, as a lieutenant of artillery, Morla took part in the Gibraltar campaign, where he was wounded. In 1792, during the French Revolutionary War he served in of the Army of Rousillon as Quartermaster general, serving later in various posts until in 1800 he was appointed governor of Cadiz and Captain General of Andalusia. In 1808, following the Spanish uprising against the French, Morla took action against a French naval squadron in Cadiz Bay, forcing its surrender in June. The following month he led ...
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Tomás Moreno
Tomás may refer to: * Tomás (given name) * Tomás (surname) Tomás is a Spanish and Portuguese surname, equivalent of ''Thomas''. It may refer to: * Antonio Tomás (born 1985), professional Spanish footballer * Belarmino Tomás (1892–1950), Asturian trade unionist and socialist politician * Fray Tomás ...
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Francisco Javier Venegas
Francisco Javier Venegas de Saavedra y Ramínez de Arenzana, 1st Marquess of Reunión and New Spain, KOC (1754 in Zafra, Badajoz, Spain – 1838 in Zafra, Spain) was a Spanish general in the Spanish War of Independence and later viceroy of New Spain from September 14, 1810 to March 4, 1813, during the first phase of the Mexican War of Independence. Army career Venegas began studies for a literary career, but gave them up to serve in the military. He rose in rank to lieutenant colonel, taking part in the fighting against the French Republic. He had retired from service at the time of the Napoleonic invasion of Spain, but returned then to active duty. He took part in the Battle of Bailén, and was named commander of a division in Andalucía. His services in the war with the French were valuable, and he demonstrated his intelligence, energy and courage. With the patronage of the minister Francisco Saavedra de Sangronis, he advanced rapidly. On Christmas Day 1808, Venegas and h ...
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Santa Cruz De Mudela
Santa Cruz de Mudela is a municipality of the Spanish Province of Ciudad Real located in the southeastern corner of the autonomous community Castilla–La Mancha. Geography Santa Cruz de Mudela has a Mediterranean–Continental climate that consists of cold winters, warm summers, and little precipitation. History The founding of Santa Cruz de Mudela Various artifacts and remains dating back to the first half of the second millennium B. C. E. have been found in the northern parts of the Meadow of Medula and the lowlands of Jabalon. Additional archaeological evidence from the ''Cerro de las Cabezas'' dig further suggests that the region was an important settlement of the Iberian ''Oretan'' tribe between the 7th and 2nd centuries B. C. E. In the following centuries, the region came to lie under the sphere of influence of a Roman, and later Visigothic, town near present-day Valdepeñas. The Roman legacy and influence in Santa Cruz are most evident in the region's wine culture an ...
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Tiburce Sébastiani
Jean André Tiburce, viscount Sébastiani de La Porta, was a French general and politician. He was born on 21 March 1786 in La Porta (Haute-Corse) and died on 16 September 1871 in Bastia (Haute-Corse). Deputy of Corsica from 1828 to 1837, and Peer of France, he was the brother of the Marshal of France and politician Horace Sébastiani.Sébastiani (Tiburce, vicomte), « Biographies et nécrologies des hommes marquants du XIXe siècle' », Volume 2, p. 193, Victor Lacaine et H.-Charles Laurent, 1845.List of the parliamentary terms and biography on the site of the French National Assembly: Jean, André, Tiburce Sébastiani (1786–1871)' Life Youth Tiburce Sébastiani was born in La Porta (Haute-Corse) on 21 March 1786. He was the son of Joseph-Marie Sébastiani, a wealthy tailor and craftsman, and of the signora Maria Pietra Francesca Alterice Franceschi. His older brother was the future Marshal of France and politician Horace Sébastiani. Tiburce would later marry Marie Laeti ...
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José De Urbina Y Urbina, 3rd Conde De Cartaojal
José de Urbina y Urbina, 3rd conde de Cartaojal (April 21, 1761 – March 22, 1833) was a Spanish soldier, general, and ''intendant'' during the Revolutionary and Napoleonic Wars. Military career Cartaojal enlisted as a cadet in the Royal Guard in 1771 while studying at the Royal School of Mathematics in Barcelona. Upon the declaration of war with Britain in 1779, his grenadier company was posted to the siege lines around Gibraltar. Promoted '' alférez'' (1783), '' segundo ayudante'' (1788), and ''primer ayudante'' (1791), Cartaojal campaigned against the French Republicans in 1793, was wounded in action, and received a colonelcy (1793) and captaincy (1795). Abbad (1992), pp. 179-180 Between 1796 and 1801, Cartaojal, now Brigadier General, served on the Board of Ordnance, later on the staff of the Army of Galicia, and with the field army assembled at Badajoz for the invasion of Portugal. As a protégé of Prime Minister Godoy, Cartaojal enjoyed a string of political and ...
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Sierra Morena
The Sierra Morena is one of the main systems of mountain ranges in Spain. It stretches for 450 kilometres from east to west across the south of the Iberian Peninsula, forming the southern border of the ''Meseta Central'' plateau and providing the watershed between the valleys of the Guadiana to the north and the west, and the Guadalquivir to the south. Its highest summit is 1,332 m high Bañuela. Other notable peaks are Corral de Borros 1,312 m and Cerro de la Estrella 1,298 m. The name ''Sierra Morena'' has a strong legendary reputation in Spanish culture and tradition, with myths about bandits ''(Los bandidos de Sierra Morena)'', a giant snake ''(El Saetón de Sierra Morena)'' and a child brought up by wolves (Marcos Rodríguez Pantoja), among others. This range is also mentioned in the famous Mexican song "Cielito Lindo" and in one of the most well known traditional Spanish songs, "Soy Minero", interpreted by Antonio Molina. Description The Sierra Morena stretches f ...
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