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Ficus Bernaysii
A tree in the Moraceae family, ''Ficus bernaysii'' is found from New Guinea to the Solomon Islands, growing in lowland rainforest. It is dioecious, and grows cauliflorous fruit. It is fed on by a wide range of animals. Taxonomy This species is in the section ''Sycocarpus'' of the dioecious fig subgenus ''Sycomorus''. The species was described by the Scottish botanist George King (1840-1909), who worked in India from 1866 to 1898. He was important in the cultivation of ''Cinchona'' and in distributing quinine. The formal description of ''F. bernaysii'' is held to be in the periodical ''Journal of The Asiatic Society of Bengal (Part 2: Natural History)'' in 1887. In his 1886/7 publication ''On Some New Species of Ficus from New Guinea'', he states that the species is named after Mr. L. Bernays, of Brisbane, "whose efforts for the exploration of New Guinea, and for the development of his own colony of Queensland are so well-known." See Lewis Adolphus Bernays (1831-1908), public s ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
George King (botanist)
Sir George King (12 April 1840 – 12 February 1909) was a British botanist who was appointed superintendent of the Royal Botanic Garden, Calcutta in 1871, and became the first Director of the Botanical Survey of India from 1890. He was recognised for his work in the cultivation of cinchona and for setting up a system for the inexpensive distribution of quinine throughout India through the postal system. Early life George was born in Peterhead, Aberdeenshire, to Robert King and Cecilia Anderson. Robert King was a bookseller who moved to Aberdeen to partner with his brothers who were also in the book business. One brother Arthur was the founder of the Aberdeen University Press. Another brother George was an antiquarian, founder of a local liberal newspaper and a prominent writer on economic and social matters. King's parents both died from phthisis (tuberculosis), the father in November 1845 aged thirty six and the mother in 1850 at the age of forty. Orphaned at the age of ten, ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Pimelodendron Amboinicum
''Pimelodendron amboinicum'' is a tree species in the Euphorbiaceae family. It is found from the Solomon Islands in the southwest Pacific, west to Sulawesi in Indonesia. The timber is used locally, though larger-scale illegal logging is apparent. Description The species grows as a tree some 10–35 m tall, with a diameter at breast height of 7–70 cm and with its bole (bare trunk) 5–20 m high. The smooth bark is blackish brown to red brown. The tree has a wide canopy. The trunk and twigs of the species when cut quickly exude a milky sap which on exposure turns cream/yellowish. When the bark is peeled from the stem the underlying layer (subrhytidome) is dark red. The simple leaves are crowded towards the end of the twigs, about 6-16 × 4–6 cm in size, with two glands (flat or slightly raised) near the base on the lower side, on either side of the midrib near the margin. There are small and inconspicuous stipules. Flowers are some 2 to 3mm in diameter, femal ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Piper Aduncum
''Piper aduncum'', the spiked pepper, matico, hierba del soldado, achotlín, cordoncillo, higuillo or higuillo de hoja menuda, is a flowering plant in the family Piperaceae. Like many species in the family, the matico tree has a peppery odor. It grows wild on the coasts and in the forests of Central and South America and in the Interandean Valleys, up to above sea level. Culinary use Like many species of the family, this tree has the characteristic smell of pepper. The fruits are used as a condiment and for flavoring cocoa. It is sometimes used as a substitute for long pepper. Traditional medicine In the Amazon Rainforest, many of the native tribes use matico leaves as an antiseptic. In Peru, it was used for stopping hemorrhages and treating ulcers, and in European practice in the treatment of diseases of the genitals and urinary organs, such as those for which cubeb was often prescribed. Essential oil The chemical composition of the essential oil differs depending on the ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Common Blossom Bat
The common blossom bat (''Syconycteris australis'') also known as the southern blossom bat or Queensland blossom bat, is a megabat in the family Pteropodidae. The common blossom bat feeds mostly on nectar and pollen rather than fruit. It is one of eight Pteropodidae species on mainland Australia. It is one of the smallest of all nectarivorous megabats. Description They are small, weighing only . Body length excluding legs is around long. Distribution and habitat They are found in the Maluku Islands, Salawati, Biak, Yapen, New Guinea, the Aru Islands, the Bismarck Archipelago, Manus Island, the D'Entrecasteaux Islands, the Louisiade Archipelago, New South Wales, Australia, and eastern Queensland, Australia. They range from above sea level. They are found in upland tropical rainforests and the Littoral Rainforests of New South Wales. Behaviour They roost singly or in small groups, which makes estimating population based on visual observation difficult. They generally roost ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ficus Morobensis
''Ficus'' ( or ) is a genus of about 850 species of woody trees, shrubs, vines, epiphytes and hemiepiphytes in the family Moraceae. Collectively known as fig trees or figs, they are native throughout the tropics with a few species extending into the semi-warm temperate zone. The common fig (''F. carica'') is a temperate species native to southwest Asia and the Mediterranean region (from Afghanistan to Portugal), which has been widely cultivated from ancient times for its fruit, also referred to as figs. The fruit of most other species are also edible though they are usually of only local economic importance or eaten as bushfood. However, they are extremely important food resources for wildlife. Figs are also of considerable cultural importance throughout the tropics, both as objects of worship and for their many practical uses. Description ''Ficus'' is a pantropical genus of trees, shrubs, and vines occupying a wide variety of ecological niches; most are evergreen, but ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ficus Hispida
''Ficus hispida'' also known as the opposite leaf Fig is a small but well distributed species of tropical Ficus, fig tree. It is dioecious, with male and female flowers on separate individuals. It occurs in many parts of Asia and as far south east as Australia. There is a large variety of local common names. Like a number of ficus, the leaves are sandpapery to touch. An unusual feature is the figs which hang on long stems. Species associated with ''Ficus hispida'' In Australia the fruit are eaten by cassowaries and double-eyed fig parrots. Phayre's leaf monkey feeds on the leaves as do the larvae of the moth ''Melanocercops ficuvorella''. The fig wasp ''Apocrypta bakeri'' has ''F. hispida'' as its host, where it parasitizes the other fig wasp ''Ceratosolen solmsi''. The yet unnamed nematode species ''Caenorhabditis sp. 35'' has been found in Aceh, Indonesia, associated with the tree. Caterpillars of the moth species ''Asota caricae'' have been recorded eating ''F. hispida'', t ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ceratosolen Dentifer
''Ceratosolen'' is an Old World wasp genus in the family Agaonidae (fig wasps). They are pollinators of the monoecious fig subsections ''Sycomorus'' and ''Sycocarpus'', and the section ''Neomorphe'', all belonging to the subgenus ''Sycomorus''. The genus is native to the Palearctic, Afrotropical, Indomalayan and Australasian realms. Biology Adults enter through the fig ostiole, a narrow, bract-lined passage, then pollinate and attempt to oviposit on the flowers. Flower ovules that receive an egg become galled and the larvae consume the gall tissue. Pollinated flowers missed by the wasps produce one seed each. The adult offspring emerge from the gall and mate in the fig, before the winged female wasps disperse, carrying the flower pollen with them. Associations Several non-pollinating wasp species of the Chalcidoidea exploit the mutualism. ''Sycophaga sycomori'' oviposits inside the short-style flowers, thereby stimulating the growth of endosperm tissue and the enlargement and ri ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ceratosolen
''Ceratosolen'' is an Old World wasp genus in the family Agaonidae (fig wasps). They are pollinators of the monoecious fig subsections ''Sycomorus'' and ''Sycocarpus'', and the section ''Neomorphe'', all belonging to the subgenus ''Sycomorus''. The genus is native to the Palearctic, Afrotropical, Indomalayan and Australasian realms. Biology Adults enter through the fig ostiole, a narrow, bract-lined passage, then pollinate and attempt to oviposit on the flowers. Flower ovules that receive an egg become galled and the larvae consume the gall tissue. Pollinated flowers missed by the wasps produce one seed each. The adult offspring emerge from the gall and mate in the fig, before the winged female wasps disperse, carrying the flower pollen with them. Associations Several non-pollinating wasp species of the Chalcidoidea exploit the mutualism. ''Sycophaga sycomori'' oviposits inside the short-style flowers, thereby stimulating the growth of endosperm tissue and the enlargement and ri ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ficus Hahliana
''Ficus'' ( or ) is a genus of about 850 species of woody trees, shrubs, vines, epiphytes and hemiepiphytes in the family Moraceae. Collectively known as fig trees or figs, they are native throughout the tropics with a few species extending into the semi-warm temperate zone. The common fig (''F. carica'') is a temperate species native to southwest Asia and the Mediterranean region (from Afghanistan to Portugal), which has been widely cultivated from ancient times for its fruit, also referred to as figs. The fruit of most other species are also edible though they are usually of only local economic importance or eaten as bushfood. However, they are extremely important food resources for wildlife. Figs are also of considerable cultural importance throughout the tropics, both as objects of worship and for their many practical uses. Description ''Ficus'' is a pantropical genus of trees, shrubs, and vines occupying a wide variety of ecological niches; most are evergreen, but ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Agaonidae
The family Agaonidae is a group of pollinating and nonpollinating fig wasps. They spend their larval stage inside the fruits of figs. The pollinating wasps (Agaoninae, Kradibiinae, and Tetrapusiinae) are the mutualistic partners of the fig trees. The nonpollinating fig wasps are parasitic. Extinct forms from the Eocene and Miocene are nearly identical to modern forms, suggesting that the niche has been stable over geologic time. Taxonomy The family has changed several times since its taxonomic appearance after the work of Francis Walker in 1846 described from the wasp genus '' Agaon''. Previously the subfamilies Epichrysomallinae, Otitesellinae, Sycoecinae, Sycoryctinae, Sycophaginae, and Agaoninae were the subdivisions of the family. Recent works building strong molecular phylogenies with an extended sampling size have changed the composition of Agaonidae. First, the paraphyletic groups have been excluded (Epichrysomallinae, Otitesellinae, Sycoecinae, and Sycoryctinae) and ne ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Apocrypta Meromassa
__NOTOC__ ''Apocrypta'' is an Old World genus of parasitic fig wasps in the family Pteromalidae. They are parasitoids of gall-wasps in the Sycophagini tribe, and especially ''Ceratosolen'' species, pollinators of the ''Sycomorus'', ''Sycocarpus'' and ''Neomorphe'' sections of ''Ficus''. They seem to be fig species-specific. Biology They parasitize certain species of the fig wasp genera ''Apocryptophagus'' and ''Ceratosolen''. The long ovipositor is pierced through the fig wall to infect the fig wasp larvae during their development inside the flower galls. Penetration of the syconium wall may last from 6 to 55 minutes, depending on the wasp and fig species. ''Ceratosolen'' wasps are key pollinator species, and their production is consequently reduced. ''Apocryptophagus'' wasps are however gall forming non-pollinators. Some differences in ''Apocrypta'' behaviour and morphology reflect the variety in fig inflorescence morphology. Morphology The adult female has an elongate external ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
.JPG "Click for more on -> Ficus Hispida")
