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Fetih I Giray
Fetih I Giray (c. 1558–1597, reigned 1596–97) was briefly khan of the Crimean Khanate, interrupting the reign of his elder brother Ğazı II Giray (1588–1607). He was one of the many sons of Devlet I Giray. Khan Adil Giray (1666–1671) was said to be his grandson. When Gazi II became khan in 1588 Fetih was appointed Kalga. In 1592 he led a very successful raid south of the Oka River. War in Hungary: During the Long Turkish War, Gazi fought in the Balkans in the Turkish service (1594–95). What Fetih did at this time does not seem to be recorded. In 1596 Gazi and Fetih set off for another campaign in Hungary. Gazi split his forces and remained in Wallachia to deal with some rebels and sent Fetih with 20000 men to Hungary where he met Sultan Murad III for the first time. Fetih went with Murad to the Siege of Eger (1596) in northeast Hungary. According to Gaivoronsky (?), after the place was taken, in October 1596 a large Habsburg army appeared and almost reached the S ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
List Of Crimean Khans
This is a list of khans of the Crimean Khanate, a state which existed in present-day southern Ukraine from 1441 until 1783. Crimean Tatars, although not a part of the Ukrainian ethnos, are deeply interconnected, having ruled a large part of modern Ukraine over the span of 300 years. The position of Khan in Crimea was electoral and was picked by beys from four of the most noble families (also known as Qarachi beys: Argyns, Kipchaks, Shirins, and Baryns) at kurultai where the decision about a candidate was adopted.Giray - Khan dynasty of Crimea Khan's Palace website (unavailable currently). The newly elected Khan was raised on a white sheet and over him were re ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Murad III
Murad III ( ota, مراد ثالث, Murād-i sālis; tr, III. Murad; 4 July 1546 – 16 January 1595) was Sultan of the Ottoman Empire from 1574 until his death in 1595. His rule saw battles with the Habsburgs and exhausting wars with the Safavids. The long-independent Morocco was at a time made a vassal of the empire but they would regain independence in 1582. His reign also saw the empire's expanding influence on the eastern coast of Africa. However, the empire would be beset by increasing corruption and inflation from the New World which led to unrest among the Janissary and commoners. Relations with Elizabethan England were cemented during his reign as both had a common enemy in the Spanish. He was a great patron in the arts where he commissioned the '' Siyer-i-Nebi'' and other illustrated manuscripts. Early life Born in Manisa on 4 July 1546, Şehzade Murad was the oldest son of Şehzade Selim and his powerful wife Nurbanu Sultan. He received a good education and lea ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
1597 Deaths
Events January–June * January 24 – Battle of Turnhout: Maurice of Nassau defeats a Spanish force under Jean de Rie of Varas, in the Netherlands. * February – Bali is discovered, by Dutch explorer Cornelis Houtman. * February 5 – In Nagasaki, Japan, 26 people are martyred by crucifixion. They practiced Catholicism, and were taken captive after all forms of Christianity were outlawed the previous year. * February 8 – Sir Anthony Shirley, England's "best-educated pirate", raids Jamaica. * February 24 – The last battle of the Cudgel War was fought on the Santavuori Hill in Ilmajoki, Ostrobothnia. * March 11 – Amiens is taken by Spanish forces. * After April 10 – The Serb uprising of 1596–97 ends in defeat for the rebels, at the field of Gacko (Gatačko Polje). * April 23 – Probable first performance of William Shakespeare's ''The Merry Wives of Windsor''. * April 27 – Johannes Kepler marries Barbara Muhleck. July–December * c. July – Tho ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
1550s Births
Year 155 ( CLV) was a common year starting on Tuesday (link will display the full calendar) of the Julian calendar. At the time, it was known as the Year of the Consulship of Severus and Rufinus (or, less frequently, year 908 ''Ab urbe condita''). The denomination 155 for this year has been used since the early medieval period, when the Anno Domini calendar era became the prevalent method in Europe for naming years. Births * Cao Cao, Chinese statesman and warlord (d. 220) * Dio Cassius, Roman historian (d. c. 235) * Tertullian, Roman Christian theologian (d. c. 240) * Sun Jian, Chinese general and warlord (d. 191) Deaths * Pius I, Roman bishop * Polycarp, bishop of Smyrna (b. AD 65 AD 65 ( LXV) was a common year starting on Tuesday (link will display the full calendar) of the Julian calendar. At the time, it was known as the Year of the Consulship of Nerva and Vestinus (or, less frequently, year 818 '' Ab urbe condita' ...) References {{DEFAULTSORT:155 < ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Damat Ibrahim Pasha
Damat Ibrahim Pasha ( tr, Damat İbrahim Paşa, sh, Damat Ibrahim-paša; 1517–1601) was an Ottoman military commander and statesman who held the office of grand vizier three times (the first time from 4 April to 27 October 1596; the second time from 5 December 1596 to 3 November 1597; and for the third and last time, from 6 January 1599 to 10 July 1601.İsmail Hâmi Danişmend, Osmanlı Devlet Erkânı, Türkiye Yayınevi, İstanbul, 1971 (Turkish) He is known as the conqueror of Kanije. Born at Mehmed-Kanije, on 28 May 1517, he attended military schools in several cities of the Ottoman Empire before being enlisted in the Ottoman army. After graduating, he was in active service during the Battle of Keresztes in October 1596, and held the position of grand vizier under Sultan Mehmed III until his death in 1601. He is also called with the title '' damat'' ("bridegroom"), because he was a bridegroom to the Ottoman dynasty by marrying Ayşe Sultan, one of the sultan's daughte ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Cığalazade Yusuf Sinan Pasha
Cığalazade Yusuf Sinan Pasha (also known as ''Cağaloğlu Yusuf Sinan Pasha''; 1545–1605), his epithet meaning "son of Cicala", was an Ottoman Italian statesman who held the office of Grand Vizier for forty days between 27 October to 5 December 1596, during the reign of Mehmed III. He was also a Kapudan Pasha (Grand Admiral of the Ottoman Navy) as well as a military general. He was one of the most capable statesmen of the Ottoman Classical Age, having contributed to the eastwards expansion of the empire at the expense of Persia and successfully defended Ottoman Hungary from Habsburg invasion. However, because of court intricacies, he resigned from the Vizierate after just over a month in office. Early life He was born as Scipione Cicala in Genoa or Messina around 1545, as a member of the aristocraticStructures and assertions: ed. by Thomas A. Brady, Volume 2 By Thomas A. Brady, Heiko Augustinus Oberman, James D. Tracy, pg.604 Genoese family of Cicala. His father, a Vis ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Battle Of Keresztes
), Hungary , result = Ottoman victory, , combatant1 = Ottoman Empire , combatant2 = Transylvania Kingdom of Hungary Walloon and French mercenariesSerbian hajduks Cossacks BohemiansPolish cavalry , commander1 = , commander2 = Maximilian III Sigismund Báthory , strength1 = 80,000–100,000 men100 cannons , strength2 = 40,000–50,000 men30–300 cannons ---- 14,000 13,000 light cavalry 10,0003,000 reiters , casualties1 = unknown , casualties2 = unknown , conflict = Battle of Keresztes The Battle of Keresztes (also known as the Battle of Mezőkeresztes) ( tr, Haçova Muharebesi) took place on 24–26 October 1596. It was fought between a combined Habsburg-Transylvanian force and the Ottoman Empire near the village of Mezőkeresztes ( tr, Haçova) in modern-day northern Hungary. The Ottomans routed the Habsburg-led army but Ottoman casualties were too high for them to pursue. Background ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Siege Of Eger (1596)
The Ottomans laid siege to the city of Eger which launched a siege of Eger (Turkish: Eğri), that lasted from September 20 to October 12, 1596, as part of the Long War, successfully conquering it after the 7,000 defenders of the fortress, mostly foreign mercenaries, were killed by the Ottoman forces commanded by the Sultan Mehmed III himself who had arrived with the main Ottoman Army from Constantinople. See also * Siege of Eger (1552) References Conflicts in 1596 Eger Eger Eger Eger Eger ( , ; ; also known by other alternative names) is the county seat of Heves County, and the second largest city in Northern Hungary (after Miskolc). A city with county rights. Eger is best known for its castle, thermal baths, baroque bui ... 1596 in the Ottoman Empire 16th century in Hungary Battles of the Long Turkish War History of Heves County {{ottoman-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Long Turkish War
The Long Turkish War or Thirteen Years' War was an indecisive land war between the Habsburg monarchy and the Ottoman Empire, primarily over the Principalities of Wallachia, Transylvania, and Moldavia. It was waged from 1593 to 1606 but in Europe it is sometimes called the Fifteen Years War, reckoning from the 1591–92 Turkish campaign that captured Bihać. In the series of Ottoman wars in Europe it was the major test of force between the Ottoman–Venetian War (1570–73) and the Cretan War (1645–69). The next of the major Ottoman–Habsburg wars was the Austro-Turkish War of 1663–1664. Overall, the conflict consisted in a large number of costly battles and sieges, but with little gain for either side. Overview The major participants of the war were the Habsburg Monarchy, the Principality of Transylvania, Wallachia, and Moldavia opposing the Ottoman Empire. Ferrara, Tuscany, Mantua, and the Papal State were also involved to a lesser extent. War funding The Turkenkr ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ğazı II Giray
Ğazı II Giray (1554 – November 1607) was a khan of the Crimean Khanate. Born in 1554, he distinguished himself in the Ottoman–Safavid War (1578–90), gaining the trust of his Ottoman suzerains. He was appointed khan in 1588, after his homeland experienced a period of political turmoil. He failed to capture Moscow during his 1591 campaign against Tsardom of Russia, however he managed to secure a favorable peace treaty two years later. He was then summoned to support his Ottoman allies in the Long Turkish War, taking part in multiple military expeditions centered in Hungary. In late 1596, the Ottoman sultan briefly unseated Ğazı II Giray in favor of Fetih I Giray after heeding the advice of Grand Vizier Cığalazade Yusuf Sinan Pasha. He returned to power three months later, continuing his reign until his death in November 1607. Early life Ğazı Giray was born in 1554. Little is known about his youth, it is speculated that while being hanzade (son of the khan) he was sent ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Oka River
The Oka (russian: Ока́, ) is a river in central Russia, the largest right tributary of the Volga. It flows through the regions of Oryol, Tula, Kaluga, Moscow, Ryazan, Vladimir and Nizhny Novgorod and is navigable over a large part of its total length, as far upstream as the town of Kaluga. Its length is and its catchment area is .«Река Ока» Russian State Water Registry The Russian capital sits on one of the Oka's tributaries—the Moskva. Name and history The Oka river was the homeland of the Eastern Slavic Vya ...[...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Kalga (title)
Kalga ( uk, Калга russian: Калга crh3, qalğa, قالغا ar, كالغا tr, kalgay ka, კალგა) was the highest ranked official after the khan in the hierarchy of the Crimean Khanate. The title of kalga was introduced Law and Division of Power in the Crimean Khanate (1532-1774): With Special Reference to the Reign of Murad Giray (1678-1683), by Natalia Królikowska-Jedlińska, 2018, publisher BRILL, ISBN 9004384324, 9789004384323 in 1486 by Meñli I Giray for his son Mehmed Geray in order to establish a firm order of succession to the throne. Prior to that, power in the Golden Horde was inherited by a senior member of the khan's family, which led to endless strife. This may have been Mengli's intention, but in later reigns the khanship usually went to one of the khan's relatives without much regard to who had been kalga. The khan, kalga and nureddin were always members of the Giray clan. From an early date the khans were confirmed by the Ottoman Sultan. Fr ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
