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Fehér County (former)
Fehér County was a county in Transylvania, Kingdom of Hungary The Kingdom of Hungary was a monarchy in Central Europe that existed for nearly a millennium, from the Middle Ages into the 20th century. The Principality of Hungary emerged as a Christian kingdom upon the coronation of the first king Stephen ... between the 11th and the 18th century. List of ''ispán''s References Sources * Engel, Pál (1996). ''Magyarország világi archontológiája, 1301–1457, I.'' ("Secular Archontology of Hungary, 1301–1457, Volume I"). História, MTA Történettudományi Intézete. Budapest. . * Fallenbüchl, Zoltán (1994). ''Magyarország főispánjai, 1526–1848'' ("Lord-Lieutenants of Counties in Hungary, 1526–1848"). Argumentum Kiadó. . * Zsoldos, Attila (2011). ''Magyarország világi archontológiája, 1000–1301'' ("Secular Archontology of Hungary, 1000–1301"). História, MTA Történettudományi Intézete. Budapest. . Kingdom of Hungary counties in Tr ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
County (Kingdom Of Hungary)
A county is a geographic region of a country used for administrative or other purposesChambers Dictionary, L. Brookes (ed.), 2005, Chambers Harrap Publishers Ltd, Edinburgh in certain modern nations. The term is derived from the Old French denoting a jurisdiction under the sovereignty of a count (earl) or a viscount.The Oxford Dictionary of English Etymology, C. W. Onions (Ed.), 1966, Oxford University Press Literal equivalents in other languages, derived from the equivalent of "count", are now seldom used officially, including , , , , , , , and ''zhupa'' in Slavic languages; terms equivalent to commune/community are now often instead used. When the Normans conquered England, they brought the term with them. The Saxons had already established the districts that became the historic counties of England, calling them shires;Vision of Britai– Type details for ancient county. Retrieved 31 March 2012 many county names derive from the name of the county town (county seat) with t ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Transylvania
Transylvania ( ro, Ardeal or ; hu, Erdély; german: Siebenbürgen) is a historical and cultural region in Central Europe, encompassing central Romania. To the east and south its natural border is the Carpathian Mountains, and to the west the Apuseni Mountains. Broader definitions of Transylvania also include the western and northwestern Romanian regions of Crișana and Maramureș, and occasionally Banat. Transylvania is known for the scenery of its Carpathian landscape and its rich history. It also contains Romania's second-largest city, Cluj-Napoca, and other iconic cities and towns such as Brașov, Sibiu, Târgu Mureș, Alba Iulia and Sighișoara. It is also the home of some of Romania's List of World Heritage Sites in Romania, UNESCO World Heritage Sites such as the villages with fortified churches in Transylvania, Villages with fortified churches, the Historic Centre of Sighișoara, the Dacian Fortresses of the Orăștie Mountains and the Rosia Montana Mining Cultural Landsc ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Kingdom Of Hungary
The Kingdom of Hungary was a monarchy in Central Europe that existed for nearly a millennium, from the Middle Ages into the 20th century. The Principality of Hungary emerged as a Christian kingdom upon the coronation of the first king Stephen I at Esztergom around the year 1000;Kristó Gyula – Barta János – Gergely Jenő: Magyarország története előidőktől 2000-ig (History of Hungary from the prehistory to 2000), Pannonica Kiadó, Budapest, 2002, , p. 687, pp. 37, pp. 113 ("Magyarország a 12. század második felére jelentős európai tényezővé, középhatalommá vált."/"By the 12th century Hungary became an important European factor, became a middle power.", "A Nyugat részévé vált Magyarország.../Hungary became part of the West"), pp. 616–644 his family (the Árpád dynasty) led the monarchy for 300 years. By the 12th century, the kingdom became a European middle power within the Western world. Due to the Ottoman occupation of the central and south ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Mercurius Of Transylvania
Mercurius ( hu, Merkúr)Markó 2006, p. 416. was a Hungarian distinguished nobleman and perhaps the first known voivode of Transylvania, who held the office during the reign of Coloman, King of Hungary. Two royal charters issued in 1111 and 1113 mention Mercurius as ''"princeps Ultrasilvanus"'', but he may have been only an important landowner in Transylvania without holding any specific office.Curta 2006, p. 355. The title voivode was first documented specifically in 1199.Zsoldos 2011, p. 36. A source from 1097 also mentions a ''"Mercurio comes Bellegratae"'', which means "count (''ispán The ispánRady 2000, p. 19.''Stephen Werbőczy: The Customary Law of the Renowned Kingdom of Hungary in Three Parts (1517)'', p. 450. or countEngel 2001, p. 40.Curta 2006, p. 355. ( hu, ispán, la, comes or comes parochialis, and sk, župan)Kirs ...'') of Fehér", and this record may point to the same person.Curta 2006, p. 355.Zsoldos 2011, p. 151.Makkai 2001, p. 406. References Sources ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Coloman, King Of Hungary
Coloman the Learned, also the Book-Lover or the Bookish ( hu, Könyves Kálmán; hr, Koloman; sk, Koloman Učený; 10703February 1116) was King of Hungary from 1095 and King of Croatia from 1097 until his death. Because Coloman and his younger brother Álmos were underage when their father Géza I died, their uncle Ladislaus I ascended the throne in 1077. Ladislaus prepared Colomanwho was "half-blind and humpbacked", according to late medieval Hungarian chroniclesfor a church career, and Coloman was eventually appointed bishop of Eger or Várad (Oradea, Romania) in the early 1090s. The dying King Ladislaus preferred Álmos to Coloman when nominating his heir in early 1095. Coloman fled from Hungary but returned around 19 July 1095 when his uncle died. He was crowned in early 1096; the circumstances of his accession to the throne are unknown. He granted the Hungarian Duchyone-third of the Kingdom of Hungaryto Álmos. In the year of Coloman's coronation, at least five large gr ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Béla III Of Hungary
Béla III ( hu, III. Béla, hr, Bela III, sk, Belo III; 114823 April 1196) was King of Hungary and Croatia between 1172 and 1196. He was the second son of King Géza II and Géza's wife, Euphrosyne of Kiev. Around 1161, Géza granted Béla a duchy, which included Croatia, central Dalmatia and possibly Sirmium. In accordance with a peace treaty between his elder brother, Stephen III, who succeeded their father in 1162, and the Byzantine Emperor Manuel I Komnenos, Béla moved to Constantinople in 1163. He was renamed to Alexios, and the emperor granted him the newly created senior court title of ''despotes''. He was betrothed to the Emperor's daughter, Maria. Béla's patrimony caused armed conflicts between the Byzantine Empire and the Kingdom of Hungary between 1164 and 1167, because Stephen III attempted to hinder the Byzantines from taking control of Croatia, Dalmatia and Sirmium. Béla-Alexios, who was designated as Emperor Manuel's heir in 1165, took part in three Byzant ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Eth Geregye
Eth from the kindred Geregye (''Écs''; died after 1215) was a Hungarian distinguished nobleman, who served as voivode of Transylvania and '' ispán'' (''comes'') of Fehér County in 1200, during the reign of King Emeric. Eth also functioned as ''ispán'' of Újvár County in 1201 and Kolozs County in 1215. Eth was the first known member of the ''gens'' Geregye, which originated from the borderlands of Vas and Zala counties in Transdanubia. Simultaneously with his voivodeship, Eth became a landowner in Transylvania, when he was granted the first royal donations in Bihar County and the surrounding areas for his descendants, who were called the "lords of Berettyó" (or Barcău in Romanian) thereafter. His son was judge royal Paul Geregye, therefore, he was the grandfather of voivode Nicholas Geregye. References Sources * * * {{DEFAULTSORT:Geregye, Eth Eth (colloquially) , former_name = eidgenössische polytechnische Schule , image = ETHZ.JPG , image_si ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Emeric, King Of Hungary
Emeric, also known as Henry or Imre ( hu, Imre, hr, Emerik, sk, Imrich; 117430 November 1204), was King of Hungary and Croatia between 1196 and 1204. In 1184, his father, Béla III of Hungary, ordered that he be crowned king, and appointed him as ruler of Croatia and Dalmatia around 1195. Emeric ascended the throne after the death of his father. During the first four years of his reign, he fought his rebellious brother, Andrew, who forced Emeric to make him ruler of Croatia and Dalmatia as appanage. Emeric cooperated with the Holy See against the Bosnian Church, which the Catholic Church considered to be heretics. Taking advantage of a civil war, Emeric expanded his suzerainty over Serbia. He failed to prevent the Republic of Venice, which was assisted by crusaders of the Fourth Crusade, from seizing Zadar in 1202. He also could not impede the rise of Bulgaria along the southern frontiers of his kingdom. Emeric was the first Hungarian monarch to use the "Árpád stripes" as his ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Voivode Of Transylvania
The Voivode of Transylvania (german: Vojwode von Siebenbürgen;Fallenbüchl 1988, p. 77. hu, erdélyi vajda;Zsoldos 2011, p. 36. la, voivoda Transsylvaniae; ro, voievodul Transilvaniei) was the highest-ranking official in Transylvania within the Kingdom of Hungary from the 12th century to the 16th century. Appointed by the monarchs, the voivodesthemselves also the heads or ''ispáns'' of Fehér Countywere the superiors of the ''ispáns'' of all the other counties in the province. They had wide-ranging administrative, military and judicial powers, but their jurisdiction never covered the whole province. The Saxon and Székely communitiesorganized into their own districts or "seats" from the 13th centurywere independent of the voivodes. The kings also exempted some Transylvanian towns and villages from their authority over the centuries. Even so, the Voivodeship of Transylvania "was the largest single administrative entity"Jefferson 2012, p. 142. in the enti ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Julius I Kán
Julius (I) from the kindred Kán ( hu, Kán nembeli (I.) Gyula; died 1237) was a powerful Hungarian baron and landowner, who held several secular positions during the reign of kings Emeric, Ladislaus III and Andrew II. He was the ancestor of the ''gens'' Kán which originated from Baranya County.Markó 2006, p. 235. Family Julius I (often called as "the Elder" or "the Great" by contemporary documents in order to distuingish him from his namesake son) was the first known member of the ''gens'' (clan) Kán, which originated from Baranya County, but later acquired large-scale domains in Transylvania too. The later members of the clan were usually styled themselves as "''Progenies Magni Jule Bani''" ("descendants of Ban Julius the Great"). He married the unknown surname Helena (died before 1250). They had two sons, by name Ladislaus I, who served as palatine (1242–1244/5), and Julius II, master of the cupbearers (1222–1228). His great-grandson was Ladislaus III Kán, an infamou ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Kán
Kán is the name of a Hungarian noble family which gave bans (governors) to Croatia and Slavonia, voivodes to Transylvania, and palatines to Hungary in the 13th and 14th centuries. History The Kán family were members of the Hermány clan. They crossed the Carpathian mountains together with Árpád, leader of the Magyars, and settled in Pannonia in 895. They were Counts of Siklós from the year 900. Members Notable members of the family include: Transylvanian branch * Julius I (Hungarian: Gyula) Kán. Count of Siklós. Ban of Croatia and Slavonia, 1213, 1229-1235. Voivode of Transylvania, 1201-1214. Palatine of Hungary, 1215–1218, 1222-1226. * Ladislaus I (Hungarian: László) Kán, son of Julius I Kán. Count of Siklós. Palatine of Hungary, 1242-1245. Ban of Croatia and Slavonia, 1245-1246. * Julius II Kán, son of Julius I Kán. Count of Siklós. Voivode of Transylvania, 1230-1233. * Ladislaus II Kán (Hungarian: László) Kán, son of Ladislaus I Kán. Voivode of Trans ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Andrew II Of Hungary
Andrew II ( hu, II. András, hr, Andrija II., sk, Ondrej II., uk, Андрій II; 117721 September 1235), also known as Andrew of Jerusalem, was King of Hungary and Croatia between 1205 and 1235. He ruled the Principality of Halych from 1188 until 1189/1190, and again between 1208/1209 and 1210. He was the younger son of Béla III of Hungary, who entrusted him with the administration of the newly conquered Principality of Halych in 1188. Andrew's rule was unpopular, and the boyars (or noblemen) expelled him. Béla III willed property and money to Andrew, obliging him to lead a crusade to the Holy Land. Instead, Andrew forced his elder brother, King Emeric of Hungary, to cede Croatia and Dalmatia as an appanage to him in 1197. The following year, Andrew occupied Hum. Despite the fact that Andrew did not stop conspiring against Emeric, the dying king made Andrew guardian of his son, Ladislaus III, in 1204. After the premature death of Ladislaus, Andrew ascended the throne ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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