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Feet Forwards Motorcycle
A feet first (FF) motorcycle is a class of motorcycle design which positions the rider with their feet ahead, like a car, rather than below and astride, as with conventional bikes. As there are other types of motorcycle (e.g. choppers) that have a 'feet forward' position, an alternative term sometimes used is advanced single track vehicle. The name "feet first" (also referred to as "feet forward") was first used by Royce Creasey''Hi-tech'', R. Creasey, Bike Magazine October 1979. History Designers have experimented with the feet forward riding position since the early days of motorcycling. In 1909 P.G Tacchi designed a four-cylinder machine with a 700 cc 'L' head air-cooled engine, an enclosed shaft drive and a bucket seat. The machine was known as a TAC-Wilkinson, and was manufactured by the Wilkinson Sword Company''Motor Cycles - a historical survey'' by C.F Caunter, Her Majesty's Stationery Office, London, 1982 Ten years later in America Carl A. Neracher designed the ...
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Quasar Motorcycle 1976 Arp
A quasar is an extremely Luminosity, luminous active galactic nucleus (AGN). It is pronounced , and sometimes known as a quasi-stellar object, abbreviated QSO. This emission from a galaxy nucleus is powered by a supermassive black hole with a mass ranging from millions to tens of billions of solar masses, surrounded by a gaseous accretion disc. Gas in the disc falling towards the black hole heats up because of friction and releases energy in the form of electromagnetic radiation. The radiant energy of quasars is enormous; the most powerful quasars have luminosity, luminosities thousands of times greater than that of a galaxy such as the Milky Way. Usually, quasars are categorized as a subclass of the more general category of AGN. The redshifts of quasars are of Expansion of the universe, cosmological origin. The term originated as a Contraction (grammar), contraction of "quasi-stellar ''[star-like]'' radio source"—because quasars were first identified during the 1950s as sour ...
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Zerotracer
The Zerotracer is a purpose built Electric vehicle for the Zero Emissions Race which went around the world in 2010/11. The vehicle seats two in a closed cabin, while its driving characteristics are more similar to a motorbike. The race started under UNEP patronage on 16 August 2010 in front of the Palace of Nations at Geneva where it ended on 24 February 2011 completing 80 days of travel – inspired by Jules Verne's novel, ''Around the World in Eighty Days ''Around the World in Eighty Days'' (french: link=no, Le tour du monde en quatre-vingts jours) is an adventure novel by the French writer Jules Verne, first published in French in 1872. In the story, Phileas Fogg of London and his newly employe ...''. Of the only three vehicles completing the race, Zerotracer accumulated the highest score of points to win.Oliver Karthaus''In 80 Tagen um die Welt: Schweizer gewinnen Zero Emission Race''DailyGreen-Internetportal, 25. Februar 2011 (german) Zero Emission Race Route Geneva â ...
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Craig Vetter Fuel Economy Challenge
The Craig Vetter Fuel Economy Challenge is a motorcycle fuel efficiency contest created in 1980 by motorcycle fairing inventor Craig Vetter. The contest was cited in Vetter's Motorcycle Hall of Fame induction. The contest initially ran from 1980 to 1985, with the inaugural run from Colorado Springs to Cripple Creek, Colorado. After a 25-year break, the contest resumed from 2011 with revised Vetter Fuel Challenge rules allowing for alternative fuel categories and requiring street usability including goods-carrying capability. This is considered a particularly important future need for electric motorcycles like the Zero, where battery constraints limit usable range, and the need for lengthy recharging cycles at public electrical points punctuates journeys and necessitates careful trip planning. A streamlined motorcycle designed by Charly Perethian with a 185 cc Yamaha motor achieved at the 1983 challenge, and is now displayed in the Smithsonian Institution The Smithsonian ...
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Craig Vetter
Craig Vetter (born July 28, 1942 in Selma, Alabama) is an American entrepreneur and motorcycle designer. His work was acknowledged when in 1999 he was inducted into the AMA Motorcycle Hall of Fame. His Vetter Fairing Company created aftermarket motorcycle fairings in the 1970s before manufacturers themselves included fairings on their products. The product has been cited as once being so ubiquitous that the term "Windjammer" was interchangeable with "fairing". The company at one time was the second largest motorcycle industry manufacturer in the United States, behind only Harley-Davidson. He founded Equalizer Corp and his innovative human powered design won the Boston Marathon wheelchair class in 1982. In 1998, Vetter's design for the British Triumph Hurricane was selected to be in the Guggenheim Museum's ''The Art of the Motorcycle'' exhibit which toured the world, and has since become a cult icon and much-valued collectors' item among owners' groups. Education Vetter gradu ...
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Motorcycle Helmet
A motorcycle helmet is a type of helmet used by motorcycle riders. Motorcycle helmets contribute to motorcycle safety by protecting the rider's head in the event of an impact. They reduce the risk of head injury by 69% and the risk of death by 42%. Their use is required by law in many countries. Motorcycle helmets consist of a Polystyrene, polystyrene foam inner shell that absorbs the shock of an impact, and a protective plastic outer layer. Several variations exist, notably helmets that cover the chin area and helmets that do not. Some helmets provide additional conveniences, such as ventilation, face shields, sun visors, ear protection or intercom. Origins The origins of the crash helmet date back to the Brooklands race track in early 1914, when a medical officer, Dr. Eric Gardner, noticed he was seeing a motor cyclist with head injuries about every two weeks. He got a Mr. Moss of Bethnal Green to make canvas and shellac helmets stiff enough to stand a heavy blow and smooth e ...
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Bicycle
A bicycle, also called a pedal cycle, bike or cycle, is a human-powered or motor-powered assisted, pedal-driven, single-track vehicle, having two wheels attached to a frame, one behind the other. A is called a cyclist, or bicyclist. Bicycles were introduced in the 19th century in Europe. By the early 21st century, more than 1 billion were in existence. These numbers far exceed the number of cars, both in total and ranked by the number of individual models produced. They are the principal means of transportation in many regions. They also provide a popular form of recreation, and have been adapted for use as children's toys, general fitness, military and police applications, courier services, bicycle racing, and bicycle stunts. The basic shape and configuration of a typical upright or "safety bicycle", has changed little since the first chain-driven model was developed around 1885. However, many details have been improved, especially since the advent of modern ...
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Honda NM4
The Honda NM4 is a feet forwards motorcycle introduced by Honda for sale in the United States in June, 2014. Internal documents, such as the service manual, refer to it as NC700J or NC700JD. The motorcycle is also on sale in Asia and Europe. The NM4 was shown under the name "NM4 Vultus" as a concept motorcycle at the March, 2014 Osaka Motorcycle Show and Tokyo Motor Show. In April, Honda dropped the "Vultus" name and announced the motorcycle would go sale in June of the same year. The production bike for the US is to have a 670 cc engine, unlike the show bike's 745 cc. Design It has a feet forwards design compared to the motorcycle in the anime '' Akira''. Styling was provocative; critics described it as "front massive", as a "scootercycle hybrid" similar to Honda's DN-01, a " mashup", and one said "it isn't pretty". The engine and dual clutch transmission were sourced from the production NC700 motorcycle/ NC700D "Integra" scooter. The concept NM4-02 variant had ...
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Fuel Efficiency In Transportation
The energy efficiency in transport is the useful travelled distance, of passengers, goods or any type of load; divided by the total energy put into the transport propulsion means. The energy input might be rendered in several different types depending on the type of propulsion, and normally such energy is presented in liquid fuels, electrical energy or food energy. The energy efficiency is also occasionally known as energy intensity. The inverse of the energy efficiency in transport, is the energy consumption in transport. Energy efficiency in transport is often described in terms of fuel consumption, fuel consumption being the reciprocal of fuel economy. Nonetheless, fuel consumption is linked with a means of propulsion which uses liquid fuels, whilst energy efficiency is applicable to any sort of propulsion. To avoid said confusion, and to be able to compare the energy efficiency in any type of vehicle, experts tend to measure the energy in the International System of Units, ...
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Honda Innova
The Honda Wave – also marketed as the Honda NF series (codename), Honda Innova in Europe, and Honda Supra in Indonesia – are a series of motorcycles manufactured by Honda that debuted in 1995 with an underbone design, having separate cosmetic plastic body panels over a structural steel tube chassis. The Wave series succeeds the Super Cub which used pressed steel frame acting as both the structural chassis and cosmetic bodywork. It serves as the Southeast Asian model of the historic Honda Cub. The Wave is available with three displacements - 100 cc, 110 cc and 125 cc. The 100 and 110 cc models' engine is physically similar in size to the Cub engine, sharing mountings, while the 125 cc models use a larger engine, incompatible with the Cub and 100/110 mountings. In addition to the three models that use carburetors, Honda also produces the fuel-injected model starting in 2008 for 110 cc and 125 cc models. The 100 cc model was d ...
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Velomobile
A velomobile (); velomobiel, velo, or bicycle car is a human-powered vehicle (HPV) enclosed for aerodynamic advantage and/or protection from weather and collisions. Velomobiles are similar to recumbent bicycles, pedal go-karts and tricycles, but with a full fairing (aerodynamic or weather protective shell) and are not to be confused with purpose-built mobiles for racing or speed records fully faired vehicles with two wheels, generally called streamliners. Streamliners have set many speed and distance records. Though fast in their own right, velomobiles are considered much more suitable for the street than two-wheeled streamliners. Using three or more wheels can have advantages for everyday use, including the ability to stop and start unaided, better stability, cross-wind handling, etc., though there are arguments made that the multiple track machines (three or more wheels) have aerodynamic disadvantages due to the drag of the extra wheels and the surface contact points. In pr ...
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Honda
is a Japanese public multinational conglomerate manufacturer of automobiles, motorcycles, and power equipment, headquartered in Minato, Tokyo, Japan. Honda has been the world's largest motorcycle manufacturer since 1959, reaching a production of 400 million by the end of 2019, as well as the world's largest manufacturer of internal combustion engines measured by volume, producing more than 14 million internal combustion engines each year. Honda became the second-largest Japanese automobile manufacturer in 2001. In 2015, Honda was the eighth largest automobile manufacturer in the world. Honda was the first Japanese automobile manufacturer to release a dedicated luxury brand, Acura, in 1986. Aside from their core automobile and motorcycle businesses, Honda also manufactures garden equipment, marine engines, personal watercraft, power generators, and other products. Since 1986, Honda has been involved with artificial intelligence/robotics research and released their ASIMO rob ...
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BMW C1
The BMW C1 is an enclosed scooter made by Bertone for BMW. Compared to a conventional scooter, the C1 offered extra safety features and protection from the elements. The rider would sit in a car-type seat (with a four-point seat-belt) and adopt a feet-forward posture. Introduced in 2000, it was available throughout Europe, but sales were disappointing and the C1 was discontinued in 2002. In 2009 the C1-E electric version was presented as a concept. Models The C1 was originally available from May 2000 with a 125 model designation; in 2001, a 200 model was added. The "125" has a 125 cc capacity four valve, four-stroke, water-cooled, fuel injected engine producing at 9250 RPM; the "200" has a larger engine producing at 9000 RPM. Torque output is similarly improved, from for the 125 and 200, respectively. Both engines were manufactured by Rotax and include a CVT gearbox. Both models of the C1 weighed approximately with a 40/60 front/rear weight distribution. ...
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